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Leontiniidae
Taxonomy
Leontiniidae was named by Ameghino (1894). It was considered monophyletic by Martínez et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Ancylopoda by Ameghino (1897); to Toxodonta by Simpson (1934); to Notoungulata by Ubilla et al. (1994); to Toxodontia by Carroll (1988), Shockey (2005), Deraco et al. (2008), Ribeiro et al. (2010), Billet (2011), Deraco and GarcÍa-López (2016) and Wyss et al. (2018); and to Eutoxodontia by Martínez et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Ancylopoda by Ameghino (1897); to Toxodonta by Simpson (1934); to Notoungulata by Ubilla et al. (1994); to Toxodontia by Carroll (1988), Shockey (2005), Deraco et al. (2008), Ribeiro et al. (2010), Billet (2011), Deraco and GarcÍa-López (2016) and Wyss et al. (2018); and to Eutoxodontia by Martínez et al. (2020).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1894 | Leontiniidae Ameghino |
| 1897 | Leontiniidae Ameghino p. 468 |
| 1934 | Leontiniidae Simpson |
| 1988 | Leontiniidae Carroll |
| 1994 | Leontiniidae Ubilla et al. p. 98 |
| 2005 | Leontiniidae Shockey |
| 2008 | Leontiniidae Deraco et al. |
| 2010 | Leontiniidae Ribeiro et al. |
| 2011 | Leontiniidae Billet |
| 2016 | Leontiniidae Deraco and GarcÍa-López |
| 2018 | Leontiniidae Wyss et al. |
| 2020 | Leontiniidae Martínez et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Leontiniidae Ameghino 1894
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G. †Ancylocoelus Ameghino 1895
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†Ancylocoelus frequens Ameghino 1894
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Invalid names: Ancylocoelus minor Ameghino 1901 [objective synonym], Henricofilholia inaequilatera Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Leontinia garzoni Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Rodiotherium armatum Ameghino 1894 [synonym]
†Ancylocoelus lentus Ameghino 1901
G. †Colpodon Burmeister 1885
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†Colpodon antucoensis Shockey et al. 2012
†Colpodon distinctus Ameghino 1902
†Colpodon plicatus Ameghino 1904
†Colpodon propinquus Burmeister 1885
G. †Henricofilholia Ameghino 1901
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†Henricofilholia cingulata Ameghino 1894
†Henricofilholia circumdata Ameghino 1901
†Henricofilholia intercincta Ameghino 1904
†Henricofilholia lustrata Ameghino 1901
†Henricofilholia vucetichia Ribeiro et al. 2010
G. †Huilatherium Villarroel and Guerrero Diaz 1985
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†Huilatherium pluripicatum Villarroel and Guerrero Diaz 1985
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Invalid names: Laventatherium hylei Colwel 1965 [replaced]
Invalid names: Laventatherium Colwel 1965 [replaced]
G. †Leontinia Ameghino 1895
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†Leontinia gaudryi Ameghino 1894
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Invalid names: Leontinia fissicolis Ameghino 1897 [synonym], Leontinia lapidosa Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Leontinia oxyrhyncha Ameghino 1897 [synonym], Leontinia stenognatha Ameghino 1897 [synonym]
†Leontinia tertiaria Ameghino 1902
G. †Rodiotherium
G. †Scarrittia Simpson 1934
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†Scarrittia barranquensis Ribeiro et al. 2010
†Scarrittia canquelensis Simpson 1934
†Scarrittia robusta Ubilla et al. 1994
G. †Taubatherium Soria and Alvarenga 1989
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†Taubatherium paulacoutoi Soria and Alvarenga 1989
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Invalid names: Taubatherium major Soria and Alvarenga 1989 [objective synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| B. J. Shockey 2005 | Brachydont to mesodont Toxodontia with reduced canines. Canines incisiform or absent. Tendency for enlargement of an upper inci- sor to caniniform or tusk-like form. Molar protolophs much greater length than metaloph. Anteroposteriorly oriented median valley containing simple cristae, form- ing small fossettes in some species. Lingual wall of molar ectolophs with longitudinal grooves, obscured early with wear. Third lower incisor enlarged or caniniform. Broad, robust entolophid of molars containing early- formed fossettid that is not the result of a union of entolophid and hypolophid. Hypolophid of m1-2 less than half the total length of the talonid (diagnosis modified after Chaffee 1952). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, MacFadden et al. 1996 | |||||
Age range: base of the Middle Eocene to the top of the Laventan or 47.80000 to 11.00000 Ma
Collections (64 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Casamayoran - Mustersan | Argentina (Chubut) | Leontiniidae indet. (176462) | |
| Middle Eocene | Argentina (Salta) | Coquenia sp., Coquenia bondi (132937) | |
| Bartonian | Argentina (Salta) | Leontiniidae indet. (176664) | |
| Bartonian | Argentina (Jujuy) | Martinmiguelia fernandezi (176665) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Peru (San Martin) | Leontiniidae indet. (225588) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Argentina (Chubut) | Leontinia gaudryi (186572) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Chile | Termastherium flacoensis (38072) | |
| Rupelian | Argentina (Chubut) | Scarrittia barranquensis, Henricofilholia vucetichia (176201) | |
| Deseadan | Bolivia | Anayatherium ekacoa, Anayatherium fortis (95688) | |
| Deseadan | Argentina (Chubut) | Henricofilholia lustrata (176235) Leontinia gaudryi (176464) Leontinia gaudryi, Ancylocoelus frequens (14211 92670) Leontinia sp., Leontinia gaudryi, Ancylocoelus frequens (146358) Scarrittia barranquensis (176203) Scarrittia canquelensis (176204) | |
| Deseadan | Uruguay (Canelones) | Scarrittia robusta (140147) | |
| Deseadan | Argentina (Mendoza) | Scarrittia sp. (176466) | |
| Deseadan | Argentina (Corrientes) | Leontiniidae indet. (181625) | |
| Deseadan | Brazil (Sau Paolo) | Leontinia gaudryi (28219) | |
| Deseadan | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Leontinia freqens, Leontinia gaudryi (50071) Leontinia sp. (176269) Leontinia sp., Leontinia garzoni, Ancylocoelus minor (50074) | |
| Deseadan | Bolivia (La Paz) | Anayatherium ekecoa (133615) Anayatherium fortis (133611) | |
| Deseadan | Brazil (Sao Paulo) | Taubatherium paulacoutoi, Taubatherium major (152418) | |
| Chattian | Argentina (Chubut) | Scarrittia canquelensis (49783) | |
| Colhuehuapian | Peru | Leontiniidae indet. (176149) | |
| Colhuehuapian | Argentina (Río Negro) | Colpodon sp. (89093) | |
| Colhuehuapian | Argentina (Chubut) | Colpodon distinctus (176236 176237 176238 176239 176240) Leontiniidae indet., Colpodon sp., Colpodon distinctus (141368) | |
| Burdigalian | Colombia (Guajira) | Leontinidae indet. (176826) | |
| Burdigalian | Chile (Bío Bío) | Leontiniidae indet. (140103) | |
| Laventan | Colombia (Huila) | Huilatherium pluripicatum (133648 133692 133693 134806 135348 140007 143788 143789 143791 145194 186662 186664 186666 186676 187120 187947 187949 187957 187958 187967 187974 188019 188020 188021 188238) Leontiniidae indet. (133441) | |
| Tortonian | Brazil (Acre) | Purperia cribatidens (55602) |