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Dasypodidae (armadillo)

Mammalia - Cingulata - Dasypodidae

Taxonomy
Dasipidae was named by Gray (1821). It is extant. Its type is Dasypus.

It was corrected as Dasypidae by Gray (1825), Ameghino (1891) and Ameghino (1894); it was reranked as the unranked clade Dasypodidae by Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), McKenna and Bell (1997) and Croft et al. (2007); it was misspelled as Dasypidae by Ameghino (1897); it was corrected as Dasypodidae by Bonaparte (1850), Flower (1883), Cope (1889), Gadow (1898), Hay (1902), Jaekel (1911), Hay (1930), Simpson (1948), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Carroll (1988), Nowak (1991), Gaudin (1995), Downing and White (1995), Wilson and Reeder (2005), McDonald and Naples (2007), Rincón et al. (2008), Shockey et al. (2009), Kramarz et al. (2010) and Herrera et al. (2017).

It was assigned to Oligodontae by Gray (1821); to Ungulata by Gray (1825); to Bruta by Bonaparte (1850); to Loricata by Flower (1883); to Dasypoda by Ameghino (1891), Ameghino (1894) and Ameghino (1897); to Placophori by Jaekel (1911); to Dasypodoidae by Hay (1930); to Xenarthra by Cope (1889), Gadow (1898), Hay (1902) and Simpson (1948); to Edentata by Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Kurten and Anderson (1980); to Xenarthra by Nowak (1991); to Cingulata by Gaudin (1995); to Cingulata by McDonald and Naples (2007); to Dasypodoidea by Croft et al. (2007); to Cingulata by Wilson and Reeder (2005), Shockey et al. (2009) and Kramarz et al. (2010); and to Dasypodoidea by Carroll (1988), Downing and White (1995), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rincón et al. (2008) and Herrera et al. (2017).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Dasipidae Gray p. 305
1825Dasypidae Gray p. 343
1850Dasypodidae Bonaparte p. 1
1883Dasypodidae Flower p. 184
1889Dasypodidae Cope p. 658
1891Dasypidae Ameghino p. 41
1891Dasypodidae Flower and Lydekker p. 89
1894Dasypidae Ameghino p. 172
1897Dasypidae Ameghino p. 507
1898Dasypodidae Gadow p. 42
1902Meteutatus attonsus Ameghino p. 55
1902Dasypodidae Hay p. 581
1911Dasypodidae Jaekel p. 225
1930Dasypodidae Hay p. 415
1948Dasypodidae Simpson
1948Meteutatus attonsus Simpson
1980Dasypodidae Kurten and Anderson p. 128
1988Dasypodidae Carroll
1991Dasypodidae Nowak
1995Dasypodidae Downing and White p. 389
1995Dasypodidae Gaudin
1997Dasypodidae McKenna and Bell p. 82
2005Dasypodidae Wilson and Reeder
2007Dasypodidae Croft et al. p. 783
2007Dasypodidae McDonald and Naples p. 153
2008Dasypodidae Rincón et al. p. 198
2009Dasypodidae Shockey et al.
2010Dasypodidae Kramarz et al.
2017Dasypodidae Herrera et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Americatheria
—Xenarthra()
orderCingulata()
—Dasypodoidea(Gray 1821)
familyDasypodidae()
familyDasypodidae()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Dasypodidae Gray 1821 [armadillo]
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G. †Amblytatus Ameghino 1902
+
†Amblytatus areolatus Ameghino 1902
†Amblytatus pandus Ameghino 1902
G. †Archaeutatus Ameghino 1902
+
†Archaeutatus malaspinensis Ameghino 1902
G. †Astegotherium Ameghino 1902
+
†Astegotherium dichotomum Ameghino 1902
Subfm. †Dasypodinae Gray 1821
+
Tr. †Astegotheriini Ameghino 1906
+
G. †Nanoastegotherium Carlini et al. 1997
+
†Nanoastegotherium prostatum Carlini et al. 1997
G. †Parastegosimpsonia Ciancio et al. 2012
+
†Parastegosimpsonia peruana Ciancio et al. 2012
G. †Riostegotherium Oliveira and Bergqvist 1998
+
†Riostegotherium yanei Oliveira and Bergqvist 1998
G. †Stegosimpsonia Vizcaino 1994
Tr. Dasypodini Bonaparte 1850
+
G. †Anadasypus Carlini et al. 1997
+
†Anadasypus aequatorianus Carlini et al. 2014
†Anadasypus hondanus Carlini et al. 1997
G. Dasypus Linnaeus 1758
+
Subg. Dasypus (Cryptophractus) Wetzel and Mondolfi 1979
Subg. Dasypus (Dasypus) Linnaeus 1758
+
Dasypus (Dasypus) hybridus Desmarest 1804 [southern long-nosed armadillo]
Dasypus (Dasypus) novemcinctus Linnaeus 1758 [nine-banded armadillo]
Dasypus (Dasypus) sabanicola Mondolfi 1967 [Llanos long-nosed armadillo]
Dasypus (Dasypus) septemcinctus Linnaeus 1758 [seven-banded armadillo]
Dasypus (Dasypus) yepesi Vizcaino 1995 [Yepes's mulita]
Subg. Dasypus (Hyperoambon) Peters 1865
+
Dasypus (Hyperoambon) kappleri Krauss 1862 [greater long-nosed armadillo]
†Dasypus argentinus Moreno and Mercerat 1891
†Dasypus bellus Simpson 1929 [beautiful armadillo]
†Dasypus hesternus Ameghino 1889
†Dasypus laevisculptus Rovereto 1914
†Dasypus moreni Lydekker 1894
†Dasypus neogaeus Ameghino 1891
†Dasypus patagonicus Ameghino 1887
Dasypus peba Desmarest 1822
Dasypus platensis Ameghino 1889
†Dasypus proximus Ameghino 1887
†Dasypus scalabrini Moreno and Mercerat 1891
†Dasypus tarijensis Ameghino 1902
†Dasypus villosus Desmarest 1804
Invalid names: Tatu [synonym], Tatusia Cuvier 1827 [synonym]
G. †Plesiodasypus Barasoain et al. 2022
+
†Plesiodasypus colombianus Barasoain et al. 2022
G. †Pliodasypus Castro et al. 2014
+
†Pliodasypus vergelianus Castro et al. 2014 [armadillo]
G. †Propraopus Ameghino 1881
+
†Propraopus magnus Wolf 1875
†Propraopus punctatus Lund 1842
†Propraopus sulcatus Lund 1838
+
Invalid names: Propraopus grandis Ameghino 1881 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pontotatus Ameghino 1908 [synonym]
G. †Tomiopsis Cope 1893
+
G. †Epipeltecoelus Ameghino 1904
+
†Epipeltecoelus recurvus Ameghino 1904
Subfm. Euphractinae Winge 1923
+
G. †Coelutaetus Ameghino 1902
+
†Coelutaetus cribellatus Ameghino 1902
G. †Dasypodon Castellanos 1925
Tr. Euphractini Winge 1923
+
G. †Anutaetus Ameghino 1902
G. Chaetophractus Fitzinger 1871 [hairy armadillo]
+
Chaetophractus vellerosus Gray 1865 [screaming hairy armadillo]
Chaetophractus villosus Desmarest 1804 [big hairy armadillo]
G. †Chorobates Reig 1958
+
†Chorobates recens Ameghino 1887
G. †Eodasypus Ameghino 1894
G. †Hemiutaetus Ameghino 1902
+
†Hemiutaetus constellatus Ameghino 1902
G. †Holozaedyus Rovereto 1914
+
†Holozaedyus laevisculptus Rovereto 1914
G. †Isutaetus Ameghino 1902
+
†Isutaetus petrinus Ameghino 1902
G. †Macroeuphractus Ameghino 1887
+
†Macroeuphractus morenoi Lydekker 1894
†Macroeuphractus outesi Ameghino 1908
†Macroeuphractus retusus Ameghino 1887
Invalid names: Dasypotherium Moreno 1889 [synonym]
G. †Mazzoniphractus Carlini et al. 2010
+
†Mazzoniphractus ingens Carlini et al. 2010
G. †Neophractus Esteban and Nasif 1996
+
†Neophractus martae Esteban and Nasif 1996
G. †Paleuphractus Kraglievich 1934
+
†Paleuphractus argentinus Moreno and Mercerat 1891
G. †Paraeuphractus Scillato-Yané 1980
+
†Paraeuphractus prominens Moreno and Mercerat 1891
G. †Parutaetus Ameghino 1902
+
†Parutaetus chicoensis Ameghino 1902
†Parutaetus chilensis Carlini et al. 2009
†Parutaetus clusus Ameghino 1902
†Parutaetus punaensis Ciancio et al. 2016
†Parutaetus signatus Ameghino 1902
G. †Proeuphractus Ameghino 1886
+
†Proeuphractus laevis Ameghino 1897
†Proeuphractus limpidus Ameghino 1886
†Proeuphractus limus Ameghino 1891
†Proeuphractus minor Rovereto 1914
†Proeuphractus nanus Ameghino 1891
†Proeuphractus recens Ameghino 1887
†Proeuphractus setiger Ameghino 1897
†Proeuphractus villosissimus Rovereto 1914
G. Zaedyus Ameghino 1889
+
†Zaedyus chapalmalensis Ameghino 1908
†Zaedyus minimus Ameghino 1881
Zaedyus minutus Desmarest 1822
Zaedyus pichiy Desmarest 1804 [pichi]
Tr. †Eutatini Bordas 1933
+
G. †Barrancatatus Carlini et al. 2010
+
†Barrancatatus maddeni Carlini et al. 2010
†Barrancatatus rigidus Ameghino 1902
†Barrancatatus tinguiririquensis Carlini et al. 2009
G. †Chasicotatus Scillato-Yané 1977
+
†Chasicotatus ameghinoi Scillato-Yané 1977
†Chasicotatus peiranoi Esteban and Nasif 1996
†Chasicotatus powelli Scillato-Yané et al. 2010
†Chasicotatus spinozai Scillato-Yané et al. 2010
G. †Doellotatus Bordas 1932
+
†Doellotatus inornatus Rovereto 1914
Invalid names: Eutatopsis Kraglievich 1934 [synonym]
G. †Eutatus Gervais 1867
+
†Eutatus carinatus Ameghino 1891
†Eutatus deleo Ameghino 1891
†Eutatus distans Ameghino 1887
+
Invalid names: Thoracotherium cruentum Mercerat 1891 [synonym]
†Eutatus inornatus Rovereto 1914
†Eutatus lagena Ameghino 1887
+
Invalid names: Thoracotherium vetum Mercerat 1891 [synonym]
†Eutatus pascuali Krmpotic 2009
†Eutatus praecursor Rovereto 1914
†Eutatus praepampaeus Ameghino 1904
†Eutatus prominens Moreno and Mercerat 1891
†Eutatus seguini Gervais 1867
+
Invalid names: Eutatus brevis Ameghino 1881 [synonym], Eutatus punctuatus Ameghino 1881 [synonym]
G. †Meteutatus Ameghino 1902
+
†Meteutatus anthinus Ameghino 1902
†Meteutatus concavus Ameghino 1902
†Meteutatus lagenaformis Ameghino 1897
†Meteutatus lucidus Ameghino 1902
†Meteutatus percarinatus Ameghino 1902
Invalid names: Sadypus Ameghino 1902 [synonym]
G. †Paraeutatus Scott 1903
G. †Ringueletia Reig 1958
+
†Ringueletia simpsoni Bordas 1933
Invalid names: Chlamyphorini Pocock 1924 [empty], Utaetini Simpson 1945 [empty]
G. Euphractus Wagler 1830 [six-banded armadillo]
+
Euphractus sexcinctus Linnaeus 1758 [six banded armadillo]
G. †Lumbreratherium Herrera et al. 2017
+
†Lumbreratherium oblitum Herrera et al. 2017
G. †Machlydotherium Ameghino 1902
+
†Machlydotherium asperum Ameghino 1902
†Machlydotherium ater Ameghino 1902
†Machlydotherium intortum Ameghino 1902
†Machlydotherium sparsum Ameghino 1902
G. †Macrochorobates Scillato Yané 1980
+
†Macrochorobates scalabrinii Moreno and Mercerat 1891
Invalid names: Acantharodeia Rovereto 1914 [synonym]
G. †Prodasypus Ameghino 1894
+
†Prodasypus centralis Ameghino 1902
†Prodasypus ornatus Ameghino 1897
G. †Prostegotherium Ameghino 1902
+
†Prostegotherium astrifer Ameghino 1902
G. †Pseudeutatus Ameghino 1902
+
†Pseudeutatus circundatus Ameghino 1902
†Pseudeutatus clypeus Ameghino 1902
†Pseudeutatus cuneiformis Ameghino 1902
†Pseudeutatus depictus Ameghino 1902
Invalid names: Pachyzaedyus Ameghino 1902 [synonym]
G. †Pseudostegotherium Ameghino 1902
+
G. †Pucatherium Herrera et al. 2012
+
†Pucatherium parvum Herrera et al. 2012
G. †Punatherium Ciancio et al. 2016
+
†Punatherium catamarcensis Ciancio et al. 2016
G. †Stegotheriopsis Bordas 1939
+
Invalid names: Stegotheriopsis gaimanensis Bordas 1939 [invalid subgroup]
Subfm. Tolypeutinae Gray 1865
+
G. †Kuntinaru Billet et al. 2011
+
†Kuntinaru boliviensis Billet et al. 2011
Tr. †Priodontini Gray 1873
+
G. Cabassous McMurtie 1831 [naked-tailed armadillo]
+
Cabassous centralis Miller 1899 [Northern naked-tailed armadillo]
Cabassous chacoensis Wetzel 1980 [Chacoan naked-tailed armadillo]
+
Invalid names: Cabassous loricatus Yepes 1935 [synonym], Xenurus gymnurus Lahille 1899 [synonym]
Cabassous tatouay Desmarest 1804 [Greater naked-tailed armadillo]
Cabassous unicinctus Linnaeus 1758 [southern naked-tailed armadillo]
+
Invalid names: Dasypus multicinctus Thunberg 1818 [synonym], Dasypus octodecimcinctus Erxleben 1777 [synonym], Dasypus undecimcinctus Illiger 1815 [synonym], Dasypus verrucosus Wagner 1844 [synonym], Xenurus duodecimcinctus Schreber 1774 [synonym], Ziphila lugubris Gray 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ziphila Gray 1873 [synonym]
G. Priodontes Cuvier 1825 [giant armadillo]
+
Priodontes maximus Kerr 1792 [giant armadillo]
+
Invalid names: Dasypus gigans Schmid 1818 [synonym], Dasypus giganteus Geoffroy 1803 [synonym], Dasypus gigas Cuvier 1817 [synonym], Tatus grandis Olfers 1818 [synonym]
G. Tolypeutes Illiger 1811 [three-banded armadillo]
+
Tolypeutes tricinctus Linnaeus 1758 [three banded armadillo]
+
+
Invalid names: Tolypeutes conurus Geoffroy 1847 [synonym], Tolypoides bicinctus Grandidier and Neveu-Lemaire 1905 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Dasypus quadricinctus Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Tr. †Tolypeutini Gray 1865
+
G. †Pedrolypeutes Carlini et al. 1997
+
†Pedrolypeutes praecursor Carlini et al. 1997
G. †Vetelia Ameghino 1891
+
†Vetelia gandhii Esteban and Nasif 1996
†Vetelia perforata Scillato-Yané 1977
†Vetelia puncta Ameghino 1891
G. †Utaetus Ameghino 1902
+
†Utaetus buccatus Ameghino 1902
+
Invalid names: Orthutaetus clavatus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Orthutaetus crenulatus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Posteutatus indemnis Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Posteutatus indentatus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Posteutatus scabridus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Utaetus argos Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Utaetus laxus Ameghino 1902 [synonym]
†Utaetus deustus Ameghino 1902
†Utaetus laevus Ameghino 1902
†Utaetus lenis Ameghino 1902
†Utaetus magnum Herrera et al. 2021
Invalid names: Anteutatus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Orthutaetus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Posteutatus Ameghino 1902 [synonym]
Invalid names: Chlamytheriinae Lydekker 1894 [empty], Dasypina Gray 1825 [empty], Meteutatus attonsus Ameghino 1902 [nomen vanum], Ornithoryncina Gray 1825 [empty], Orycteropina Gray 1825 [empty], Pampatheriinae Paula Couto 1954 [empty], Peltephilinae Lydekker 1894 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: insectivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-22 18:31:05
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Casamayoran to the top of the Holocene or 56.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 55.8 Ma

Collections (381 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Riochican57.0 - 55.8Argentina (Chubut) Dasypodidae indet. (175728 176061)
Casamayoran56.0 - 48.0Argentina (Chubut) Anteutatus lenis, Astegotherium dichotomus (176285) Coelutaetus cribellatus (176283) Dasypodidae indet. (175743) Utaetus argos (176284)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Argentina (Salta) Pucatherium parvum (224372)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3Argentina (Chubut) Prostegotherium astrifer (231392)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) Riostegotherium yanei (118314)
Mustersan48.0 - 42.0Argentina (Chubut) Dasypodidae indet. (49901) Machlydotherium asperum, Machlydotherium ater, Machlydotherium intortum, Meteutatus rigidus, Pseudeutatus clypeus, Anteutatus laevus, Sadypus confluens, Sadypus ascendens, Isutaetus depictus, Anutaetus circundatus, Pachyzaedyus cuneiformis (176286) Machlydotherium asperum, Meteutatus confluens (175761) Machlydotherium sp., Stegosimpsonia sp., Meteutatus attonsus, Parutaetus chicoensis, Mazzoniphractus ingens, Utaetus lenis (176194) Meteutatus rigidus, Pseudeutatus depictus (176290)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Argentina (Jujuy) Prostegotherium astrifer, Pucatherium parvum (41706)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Argentina (Chubut) Astegotherium sp., Stegosimpsonia sp., Prostegotherium astrifer, Riostegotherium sp. (176059) Prostegotherium indet. (176170) Stegosimpsonia sp., Prostegotherium astrifer, Riostegotherium sp. (133039)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Argentina (Salta) Dasypodidae n. gen. (176662) Lumbreratherium oblitum, Pucatherium parvum (13775) Parutaetus punaensis, Pucatherium parvum (225030)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Argentina (Chubut) Utaetus laxus (176164)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Argentina (Salta) Utaetus magnum (132937)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Peru (Loreto) Stegosimpsonia sp. (176151)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Argentina (Salta) Dasypodidae n. gen., Prostegotherium sp., Utaetus sp., Pucatherium parvum (176661) Prostegotherium sp., Pucatherium parvum (176660)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Brazil (Paraná) Machlydotherium sp., Meteutatus sp., Euphractinae indet., Astegotheriini indet., Parutaetus sp., Utaetus sp. (186567)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Argentina (Chubut) Machlydotherium sp., Machlydotherium sparsus, Meteutatus percarinatus, Anteutatus lenis, Utaetus buccatus, Utaetus deustus, Posteutatus indentatus, Posteutatus scabridus, Posteutatus indemnis, Parutaetus chicoensis, Parutaetus clusus, Parutaetus signatus, Orthutaetus crenulatus, Orthutaetus clavatus, Pseudostegotherium chubutanum, Prostegotherium notostylopianum, Prostegotherium astrifer (13779) Stegosimpsonia sp., Utaetus deustus, Parutaetus chicoensis, Orthutaetus crenulatus, Sadypus sp., Mazzoniphractus ingens, Utaetus lenis (176189) Utaetus buccatus (176169 176186) Utaetus indet. (176181 176184)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Argentina (Jujuy) Dasypodidae n. gen. (176665)
Bartonian - Priabonian41.3 - 33.9Argentina (Río Negro) Isutaetus depictus (225621 225622 225623)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Argentina (Catamarca) Astegotherium sp., Prostegotherium sp., Utaetus sp., Astegotheriini indet., Prostegotherium notostylopianum, Parastegosimpsonia peruana, Parutaetus punaensis, Pucatherium parvum, Punatherium catamarcensis (41608)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Argentina (Salta) Dasypodidae n. gen., Astegotherium sp., Prostegotherium sp., Utaetus sp., Parutaetus punaensis, Pucatherium parvum (175809)
Priabonian - Rupelian38.0 - 28.1Peru (Loreto) Stegosimpsonia chubutana (144474)