PBDB Taxon

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Peraceras profectum

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

Taxonomy

Aceratherium profectum was named by Matthew (1899). Its type locality is Martin Canyon Quarry A, which is in a Hemingfordian channel horizon in the Pawnee Creek Formation of Colorado.

It was recombined as Aphelops profectus by Matthew (1901), Hay (1902), Osborn (1904) and Galbreath (1953); it was recombined as Peraceras profectum by Prothero and Manning (1987) and Prothero (2005).

Synonyms

Aphelops brachyodus was named by Osborn (1904). Its type specimen is AMNH 10873, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Peraceras profectum by Prothero (2005).
Aphelops ceratorhinus was named by Douglass (1903).

It was synonymized subjectively with Peraceras crassus by Voorhies (1990); it was synonymized subjectively with Peraceras superciliosum by Prothero (1998) and Tabrum and Nichols (2001); it was synonymized subjectively with Peraceras profectum by Prothero (2005).
Aphelops montanus was named by Douglass (1908) [type locality is Flint Creek Beds [18894]]. Its type specimen is CM 1569, a partial skeleton (a skull with the mandible, the two femora, parts of a humerus, and other fragments of the skeleton), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Aphelops ceratorhinus by Matthew (1932), Tanner (1967) and Sutton (1977); it was synonymized subjectively with Peraceras profectum by Prothero (1998), Tabrum and Nichols (2001) and Prothero (2005).
Diceratherium jamberi was named by Tanner (1977).

It was synonymized subjectively with Peraceras profectum by Prothero and Manning (1987), Prothero (1998) and Prothero (2005).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1899	Aceratherium profectum Matthew
1901	Aphelops profectus Matthew
1902	Aphelops profectus Hay p. 646
1903	Aphelops ceratorhinus Douglass
1904	Aphelops profectus Osborn
1904	Aphelops brachyodus Osborn p. 322 fig. 19
1908	Aphelops montanus Douglass p. 256 figs. PLATE LXIII
1908	Aphelops ceratorhinus Douglass p. 260
1953	Aphelops profectus Galbreath
1977	Diceratherium jamberi Tanner
1987	Peraceras profectum Prothero and Manning
2005	Peraceras profectum Prothero p. 84

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia

Rank	Name	Author
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
—	Tapiromorpha	(Haeckel 1873)
—	Ceratomorpha	(Wood 1937)
superfamily	Rhinocerotoidea
family	Rhinocerotidae
subfamily	Aceratheriinae	Dollo 1885
genus	Peraceras
species	profectum	(Matthew 1899)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Peraceras profectum Matthew 1899

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Invalid names: Aphelops brachyodus Osborn 1904 [synonym], Aphelops ceratorhinus Douglass 1903 [synonym], Aphelops montanus Douglass 1908 [synonym], Diceratherium jamberi Tanner 1977 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
E. Douglass 1908 (Aphelops montanus)	Skull long (dolichocephalic); supraorbital region nol broad; nasals long and tapering, not laterally compressed and not possessing horn-rugosities; posttympanic rounded, not wing-like as in Aphelops ceratorhinus; teeth brachydont or brachyhypsodont; number of premolars complete (4); all the upper cheek teeth except P1 having crotchets, and all except M1 and M2 with antecrochets; limbs long and slender for so large a rhinoceros.