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Systemodon tapirinus
Taxonomy
Orohippus tapirinus was named by Cope (1875). Its type specimen is USNM 1064, a mandible (right mandible fragment with P3–M3), and it is a 3D body fossil.
It was recombined as Hyracotherium tapirinus by Cope (1877), Matthew (1899), Troxell (1922) and Radinsky (1963); it was recombined as Hyracotherium tapirinum by Wortman (1896) and MacFadden (1998); it was recombined as Eohippus tapirinus by Hay (1899), Hay (1902) and Peterson (1919); it was considered a nomen dubium by Granger (1908); it was recombined as Systemodon tapirinus by Cope (1882), Cope (1884), Froehlich (1999) and Froehlich (2002).
It was recombined as Hyracotherium tapirinus by Cope (1877), Matthew (1899), Troxell (1922) and Radinsky (1963); it was recombined as Hyracotherium tapirinum by Wortman (1896) and MacFadden (1998); it was recombined as Eohippus tapirinus by Hay (1899), Hay (1902) and Peterson (1919); it was considered a nomen dubium by Granger (1908); it was recombined as Systemodon tapirinus by Cope (1882), Cope (1884), Froehlich (1999) and Froehlich (2002).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1875 | Orohippus tapirinus Cope p. 20 |
| 1877 | Hyracotherium tapirinus Cope |
| 1882 | Systemodon tapirinus Cope p. 183 |
| 1884 | Systemodon tapirinus Cope |
| 1896 | Hyracotherium cristatum Wortman |
| 1896 | Hyracotherium tapirinum Wortman |
| 1896 | Hyracotherium cristatum Wortman p. 96 fig. 6 |
| 1899 | Eohippus tapirinus Hay |
| 1899 | Hyracotherium tapirinus Matthew |
| 1902 | Eohippus cristatus Hay p. 609 |
| 1902 | Eohippus tapirinus Hay p. 610 |
| 1908 | Eohippus cristatus Granger |
| 1919 | Eohippus tapirinus Peterson p. 103 |
| 1922 | Hyracotherium tapirinus Troxell |
| 1930 | Eohippus cristatus Hay |
| 1940 | Eohippus cristatus Stirton |
| 1963 | Hyracotherium tapirinus Radinsky |
| 1991 | Hyracotherium cristatum Gingerich |
| 1998 | Hyracotherium cristatum MacFadden p. 542 |
| 1998 | Hyracotherium tapirinum MacFadden p. 542 |
| 1999 | Systemodon tapirinus Froehlich |
| 2002 | Systemodon tapirinus Froehlich p. 183–184 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Systemodon tapirinus Cope 1875
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Invalid names: Hyracotherium cristatum Wortman 1896 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| D. J. Froehlich 2002 | This taxon has no identified unambiguous autapomorphies but it can be diagnosed by the characters it shares with Cymbalophus. The synapomorphies include the following characters: upper molar parastyle small (Character 38, 2 to 1), M3 smaller than M2, M3 larger than M2 (Character 67, 2 to 1), P4 entoconid small and variable (Character 75, 2 to 1), and M3 hypoconulid connection forming a triple junction with the prehypoconulid crista (Character 105, 0 to 1). The last of these characters is only found in these two taxa and strongly supports their monophyly. Cymbalophus can be distinguished from Systemodon only on size and geography. |