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Magnoliids (magnoliids)

Angiospermae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2016Magnoliids The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
RankNameAuthor
—Magnoliids
—Magnoliids

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Magnoliids The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016 [magnoliids]
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Or. Canellales Cronquist 1957
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G. †Pseudowinterapollis Mildenhall 1979
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†Pseudowinterapollis couperi Mildenhall 1979
Fm. Winteraceae Lindley 1830
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G. Drimys Forster and Forster 1775
G. †Gephyrapollenites Stover and Partridge 1973
G. Tasmannia Brown and Candolle 1818
Invalid names: Canellaceae von Martius 1832 [empty]
Or. †Magnoliales Jussieu 1820
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Fm. Annonaceae de Jussieu 1789 [custard apple]
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G. Alphonsea Hooker and Thomson
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†Alphonsea makumensis Srivastava and Mehrotra 2013
G. Annona Linnaeus 1753
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†Annona miocenica Prasad et al. 2017
†Anona ampla Berry 1916
†Anona cretacea Lesquereux 1883
†Anona eolignitica Berry 1916
Anona glabra Linnaeus 1753
†Anona koilabasensis Prasad et al. 1999
†Anona peruviana Berry 1927
†Anona robusta Lesquereux 1883
†Anona spoliata Cockerell 1908
†Anona wilcoxiana Berry 1916
G. †Anonaspermum Ball 1931
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†Anonaspermum anoniforme Reid and Chandler 1933
†Anonaspermum commune Reid and Chandler 1933
†Anonaspermum complanatum Reid and Chandler 1933
†Anonaspermum complicatum Chandler 1961
†Anonaspermum minimum Reid and Chandler 1933
†Anonaspermum pulchrum Reid and Chandler 1933
†Anonaspermum reidi Ball 1931
G. Artabotrys Brown 1810
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G. Asimina Adanson 1763 [pawpaw]
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†Asimina eocenica Lesquereux 1872
†Asimina leiocarpa Lesquereux 1869
Asimina triloba Dunal 1817
G. Cananga Hook and Thomson 1855
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†Cananga tertiara Prasad 1994
G. Commiphora von Jacquin
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†Commiphora precaudata Shashi et al. 2007
G. Dendrokingstonia Rauschert 1982
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†Dendrokingstonia palaeonervosa Prasad et al. 2017
G. Desmos Loureiro 1790
G. Ellipeia Hooker and Thomson
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†Ellipeia miocenica Shashi et al. 2007
G. Fissistigma Griffith 1854
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†Fissistigma mioelegans Prasad et al. 1999
†Fissistigma senii Lakhanpal 1969
†Fissistigma siwalica Lakhanpal and Awasthi 1992
G. Goniothalamus Hooker and Thomson 1855
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†Goniothalamus chorkholaensis Prasad and Awasthi 1996
†Goniothalamus siwalicus Prasad et al. 1997
G. Guatteria Ruiz and Pavon 1794
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†Guatteria cretacea Hollick 1906
G. †Jongmansia Reid and Reid 1915
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†Jongmansia cypreaeformis Reid and Reid 1915
G. Lettowianthus Diels 1936
G. †Mayogynophyllum Kraeusel 1929
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G. Meiogyne Miquel 1865
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†Meiogyne purniyagiriensis Prasad et al. 2017
G. Melodorum Loureiro 1790
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†Melodorum jarwaensis Tripathi et al. 2002
G. Miliusa de Candolle 1832
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Subg. Miliusa (Saccopetalum) Bennett 1840
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†Miliusa brochidodroma Konomatsu and Awasthi 1999
†Miliusa mioveluntina Prasad et al. 1997
†Miliusa siwalica Prasad et al. 1999
G. Mitrephora Hooker and Thomson
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†Mitrephora miocenica Prasad et al. 1997
†Mitrephora siwalika Antal and Awasthi 1993
G. Orophea Blume 1825
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†Orophea siwalika Konomatsu and Awasthi 1999
G. Polyalthia Blume 1830
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†Polyalthia palaeosiamiarum Awasthi and Prasad 1990
†Polyalthia palaeosumatrana Tripathi et al. 2002
G. †Polyalthioxylon Bande 1973
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†Polyalthioxylon indicum Prakash 1978
G. Popowia Endlicher 1839
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†Popowia siwalica Prasad et al. 2017
G. Uvaria Linnaeus
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†Uvaria ghishia Antal and Prasad 1998
†Uvaria ovale Reid and Chandler 1933
†Uvaria siwalika Prasad 1994
G. †Xylopiaecarpum Rasky 1956
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G. †Endressinia Mohr and Bernardes de Oliveira 2004
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†Endressinia brasiliana Mohr and Bernardes de Oliveira 2004
G. †Krauselicutis Schneider 1969
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†Krauselicutis punctata Schneider 1969
Fm. Magnoliaceae de Jussieu 1789 [magnolia]
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G. †Drimysophyllum Kirchheimer 1937
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†Drimysophyllum succineum Kirchheimer 1937
G. Illicium Linnaeus 1759
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†Illicium deletoides Berry 1916
†Illicium lignitum Lesquereux 1861
†Illicium watereensis Berry 1914
G. †Kirstea Kirchheimer 1936
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†Kirstea zinkeiseni Geinitz 1936
G. Liriodendron Linnaeus 1753
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†Liriodendron acuminatum Lesquereux 1881
†Liriodendron alatum Newberry 1894
†Liriodendron attenuatum Hollick 1906
†Liriodendron dubium Berry 1907
†Liriodendron giganteum Lesquereux 1868
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Invalid names: Liriodendron cruciforme Lesquereux 1881 [synonym]
†Liriodendron hesperia Berry 1941
†Liriodendron intermedium Lesquereux 1868
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Invalid names: Liriodendron primaevum Newberry 1868 [synonym], Phyllites obcordatus Heer 1858 [synonym]
†Liriodendron meekii Heer 1858
†Liriodendron oblongifolium Newberry 1887
†Liriodendron pinnatifidum Lesquereux 1881
†Liriodendron quercifolium Newberry 1887
†Liriodendron semialatum Lesquereux 1881
†Liriodendron snowii Lesquereux 1891
†Liriodendron succedens Dawson 1893
†Liriodendron wellingtonii Lesquereux 1891
G. †Liriodendropsis Newberry 1895
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†Liriodendropsis simplex Newberry 1895
G. †Liriodendroxylon Prakash et al. 1971
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†Liriodendroxylon tulipferum Prakash et al. 1971
G. †Liriophyllum Lesquereux 1878
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†Liriophyllum beckwithii Lesquereux 1878
†Liriophyllum obcordatum Lesquereux 1883
†Liriophyllum populoides Lesquereux 1876
G. Magnolia Linnaeus 1753 [magnolia]
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Magnolia acuminata Linnaeus 1753
†Magnolia alternans Heer 1866
†Magnolia amplifolia Heer 1869
†Magnolia angusta Reid and Chandler 1933
†Magnolia angustifolia Newberry 1882
†Magnolia boulayana Lesquereux 1892
†Magnolia californica Lesquereux 1878
†Magnolia capellinii Heer 1866
†Magnolia coalvillensis Knowlton 1918
†Magnolia cordifolia Lesquereux 1869
†Magnolia crassa Reid and Chandler 1933
†Magnolia culveri Knowlton 1899
†Magnolia davisi Chandler 1961
†Magnolia dayana Cockerell 1910
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Invalid names: Magnolia lanceolata Lesquereux 1878 [replaced]
†Magnolia elliptica Newberry 1898
†Magnolia enormis Bowerbank 1840
†Magnolia florissanticola Cockerell 1910
†Magnolia gigantea Chandler 1961
†Magnolia hilgardiana Lesquereux 1860
†Magnolia hollicki Berry 1909
†Magnolia inglefieldi Heer 1868
†Magnolia inquirenda Knowlton 1918
†Magnolia isbergiana Heer 1882
†Magnolia lacoeana Lesquereux 1891
†Magnolia lata Chandler 1961
†Magnolia laurifolia Lesquereux 1869
†Magnolia leei Knowlton 1916
†Magnolia lesleyana Lesquereux 1869
†Magnolia lobata Bowerbank 1840
†Magnolia longipes Newberry 1894
†Magnolia magnifica Dawson 1882
†Magnolia magnifolia Knowlton 1918
†Magnolia microphylla Knowlton 1899
†Magnolia miocenica Hu and Chaney 1938
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Invalid names: Magnolia nipponica Tanai 1961 [synonym]
†Magnolia newberryi Berry 1907
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Invalid names: Magnolia longifolia Newberry 1892 [replaced]
†Magnolia oblonga Chandler 1961
†Magnolia obtusata Heer 1882
†Magnolia occidentalis Dawson 1893
†Magnolia palaeopetala Hollick 1903
†Magnolia pollardi Knowlton 1899
†Magnolia pseudoacuminata Lesquereux 1891
†Magnolia pulchra Ward 1885
†Magnolia pygmaea Chandler 1961
†Magnolia regalis Heer 1877
†Magnolia rotundifolia Newberry 1882
†Magnolia rugosa Chandler 1961
†Magnolia speciosa Heer 1869
†Magnolia spectabilis Knowlton 1899
†Magnolia subcircularis Reid and Chandler 1933
†Magnolia subquadrangularis Bowerbank 1840
†Magnolia subtriangularis Reid and Chandler 1933
†Magnolia symmetrica Chandler 1961
†Magnolia tenuifolia Lesquereux 1868
†Magnolia tenuinervis Lesquereux 1878
†Magnolia vaningenii Hollick 1894
Magnolia virginiana Linnaeus 1753
†Magnolia woodbridgensis Hollick 1895
G. †Magnoliaceoxylon Wheeler et al. 1977
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†Magnoliaceoxylon palaeogenica Srivastava and Suzuki 2001
G. †Magnoliaephyllum Krasser 1896
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G. †Magnoliaespermum Kirchheimer 1934
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†Magnoliaespermum fliegeli Kirchheimer 1934
G. †Magnoliaestrobus Seward and Conway 1935
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†Magnoliaestrobus gilmouri Seward and Conway 1935
G. †Magnolilepis Conwentz 1886
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†Magnolilepis orussica Conwentz 1886
G. †Magnolioides Ettingshausen 1885
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†Magnolioides carniolica Ettingshausen 1885
G. †Magnolioxylon Hofmann 1952
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G. †Magnoliphyllum Conwentz 1886
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†Magnoliphyllum balticum Conwentz 1886
G. Michelia Linnaeus 1753
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†Michelia bhutanensis Srivastava and Tripathi 2019
†Michelia oleifera Suzuki 1976
G. Pachylarnax Dandy 1927
Fm. †Myristicaceae Brown 1810
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G. †Myristica Gronovius
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†Myristica palaeoglomerata Awasthi and Prasad 1990
†Myristica siwalica Prasad et al. 2017
G. †Myristicacarpum Gregor 1977
G. †Myristicophyllum Geyler 1887
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†Myristicophyllum minus Geyler 1887
G. Virola Aublet 1775
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†Virola tertiaria Berry 1929
Invalid names: Degeneriaceae Bailey and Smith 1942 [empty], Eupomatiaceae Endlicher 1845 [empty], Himantandraceae Diels 1917 [empty]
Or. Piperales von Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. Aristolochiaceae de Jussieu 1789
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G. Aristolochia Linnaeus 1753 [birthwort]
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†Aristolochia crassifolia Newberry 1868
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Invalid names: Aristolochia cordifolia Newberry 1868 [synonym]
†Aristolochia elongata Knowlton 1917
†Aristolochia mortua Cockerell 1908
†Aristolochia obscura Lesquereux 1861
†Aristolochia williardiana Knowlton 1916
G. †Aristolochiaephyllum Fontaine 1889
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G. †Aristolochioxylon Kulkarni and Patil 1977
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†Aristolochioxylon prakashii Kulkarni and Patil 1977
G. †Aristolochites Heer 1866
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†Aristolochites acutus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites apicalis Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites coniodeus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites cuneatus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites curvatus Lesquereux 1861
†Aristolochites dubius Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites elegans Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites excavatus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites globosus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites majus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites ovoides Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites rugosus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites sulcatus Perkins 1904
Invalid names: Asaraceae Vent [synonym], Hydnoraceae Agardh 1821 [synonym], Lactoridaceae Engler 1888 [synonym]
Fm. Piperaceae Giseke 1792 [pepper]
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G. Peperomia Ruiz López and Pavón 1794
G. Piper Linnaeus 1753
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Piper abtusifolium Linnaeus 1753
Piper aduncum Linnaeus 1753
Piper amalago Linnaeus 1753
Piper betle Linnaeus 1753
Piper distachyon Linnaeus 1753
†Piper heerii Lesquereux 1888
Piper longum Linnaeus 1753
Piper malamiris Linnaeus 1753
†Piper margaritae Martínez et al. 2015
Piper nigrum Linnaeus 1753
Piper pelatum Linnaeus 1753
Piper pellucidum Linnaeus 1753
Piper reticulatum Linnaeus 1753
Piper siriboa Linnaeus 1753
Piper trifolium Linnaeus 1753
Piper umbellatum Linnaeus 1753
G. †Piperites Göppert 1854
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†Piperites miquelianus Goeppert 1854
Fm. †Saururaceae Voigt 1811
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G. †Saururopsis Stopes and Fujii 1910
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†Saururopsis niponensis Stopes and Fujii 1910
Invalid names: Aristolochiales [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Barremian to the top of the Holocene or 129.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 125.0 Ma

Collections (431 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Japan (Ishikawa) Magnoliaceae indet. (32324)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0Brazil (Ceará) Endressinia brasiliana (149980)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Canada (Alberta) Magnolia sp. (24839)
Albian - Cenomanian113.0 - 93.9Russian Federation Magnoliaephyllum alternans (34796 34801 34802)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9USA (Kansas) Liriophyllum kansense (28530)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Utah) Liriophyllum UD012 (31967 31969)
Early/Lower Cenomanian - Cenomanian99.6 - 93.9Canada (British Columbia) Liriodendron giganteum, Magnolia hollicki (32030)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Canada (British Columbia) Liriodendron giganteum (35004 35005) Liriodendron giganteum, Magnolia hollicki, Magnolia lacoeana (35006) Magnolia hollicki (32026 35071) Magnolia hollicki, Magnolia rotundifolia (31912) Magnolia lacoeana (35007) Magnolia magnifica (31888) Magnolia rhamnoides (31886 32095) Magnolia rhamnoides, Liriodendron giganteum (32031)
Early/Lower Cenomanian - Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Nebraska) Magnoliales New Genus A (20815)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Utah) Magnolia boulayana (103148)
Coniacian - Campanian89.8 - 72.1Canada (British Columbia) Liriodendron giganteum (35203) Liriodendron succedens (35189)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian89.3 - 83.6USA (Georgia) Magnolia capellinii, Magnolia boulayana (28321)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5Canada (Alberta) Magnolia Coalvillensis (35083)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (South Carolina) Magnolia capellinii, Illicium watereensis (210092) Magnolia capellinii, Magnolia obtusata, Magnolia tenuifolia (210091) Magnolia newberryi (212236)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Wyoming) Magnoliales indet. (27365)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Mexico) Magnolia cordifolia (34975)
Late/Upper Campanian - Danian83.5 - 61.6Antarctica Drimys indet. (151074)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Colombia (Cundinamarca) Piper margaritae (222725)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Asimina knowltonia, Liriodendron laramiense (96781)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Pseudowinterapollis couperi (168710)