PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Hipparion condoni

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

Taxonomy

Hipparion condoni was named by Merriam (1915). Its type specimen is UO 672, a set of teeth (left p4 and ml ), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by MacFadden (1984) and Macdonald (1992).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

H. abudhabiense, H. africanum, H. brachypus, H. garedzicum, H. giganteum, H. hippidiodus, H. houfenense, H. malustenense, H. moldavicum, H. nagriensis, H. platyodus, H. proboscideum, H. sebastopolitanum, H. verae, H. zandaense, H. baardi, H. cornelianum, H. ethiopicum, H. macrodon, H. theobaldi

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1915	Hipparion condoni Merriam
1918	Hipparion condoni Osborn p. 175 figs. Text Fig. 139
1940	Hipparion condoni Stirton p. 184
2009	Hipparion condoni Martin and Pagnac p. 204

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
superfamily	Equoidea
family	Equidae
subfamily	Equinae
tribe	Hipparionini
genus	Hipparion
species	condoni

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Hipparion condoni Merriam 1915

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Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
H. F. Osborn 1918	(Merriam) (1) Length of crowns similar to advanced stages of Merychippua; (2) heavily cemented; (3) metaconid-metastylid column more elongate anteroposteriorly than in any Merychippua form known; (4) wide and flat internal groove between metaconid and metastyl!d, typical of Hipparion; (5) parastylid extends inward as far as meta- conid; (6) a sharp anteroexternal ridge developed on protoconid.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingsubf

Diet:

browserg

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2009-01-04 10:28:06

Modified:

2009-01-04 12:28:06

Source: g = genus, subf = subfamily, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: MacFadden 1998, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, MacFadden and Cerling 1996

Age range: base of the Clarendonian to the top of the Hemphillian or 12.50000 to 4.90000 Ma

Collections: one only

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Clarendonian - Hemphillian	12.5 - 4.9	USA (Washington)	Hipparion condoni (175228)