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Mammuthus primigenius (wooly mammoth)

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae

Taxonomy
Elephas primigenius was named by Blumenbach (1799). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Mammonteus primigenius by Osborn (1924) and Osborn (1942); it was recombined as Mammuthus primigenius by Kurten and Anderson (1980), Shoshani and Tassy (1996), Agenbroad (2005), Palombo (2005), Rogaev et al. (2006) and Christiansen (2007).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
M. armeniacus, M. gromovi, M. paramammonteus, M. planifrons, M. weifangensis

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1799Elephas primigenius Blumenbach
1803Elephas primigenius Blumenbach
1850Elephas primigenius Mantell p. 168
1860Elephas primigenius Nordmann p. 278
1902Elephas primigenius Hay p. 713
1924Elephas boreus Hay
1924Mammonteus primigenius Osborn
1942Mammonteus primigenius Osborn
1980Mammuthus primigenius Kurten and Anderson p. 353
1996Mammuthus primigenius Shoshani and Tassy
2005Mammuthus primigenius Agenbroad p. 74
2005Mammuthus primigenius Palombo p. 107
2006Mammuthus primigenius Rogaev et al.
2007Mammuthus primigenius Christiansen p. 425

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
—Tethytheria
orderProboscidea()
suborderElephantiformesTassy 1988
superfamilyElephantoidea
familyElephantidae
subfamilyElephantinaeGray 1821
tribeElephantiniGray 1821
genusMammuthusBrookes 1828
speciesprimigenius(Blumenbach 1799)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Mammuthus primigenius Blumenbach 1799 [wooly mammoth]
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Invalid names: Elephas boreus Hay 1924 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-04 10:21:31
Modified: 2009-01-04 12:24:32
Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: MacFadden and Cerling 1996, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pliocene to the top of the Holocene or 3.60000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (76 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Miocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene15.97 - 0.781Netherlands Mammuthus primigenius (189573)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Mexico (México) Elephas primigenius (163820)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781United Kingdom (England) Elephas primigenius (77750)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Netherlands Mammuthus primigenius (189574)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Germany (Thüringen) Mammonteus primigenius (45063 45067 45069 45072 45086)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Tennessee) Elephas primigenius (74240)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Mammuthus primigenius (22724)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117United Kingdom Mammuthus primigenius (124957)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Mammuthus primigenius (93180)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Germany (North Rhine) Elephas primigenius (34536)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Pennsylvania) Elephas primigenius (126446)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Alaska) Mammonteus primigenius (108789)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Canada (Alberta) Mammuthus primigenius (190079)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (New York) Elephas primigenius (222853 222856 222857 222858 222859 222860 222861 222863 222864 222865)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Mammonteus primigenius (108790)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Iowa) Elephas primigenius (94578)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Texas) Elephas primigenius (20498)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Montana) Mammuthus primigenius (20545)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Russian Federation (Respublika Saha (Jakutija)) Mammuthus primigenius (48581)
Middle Pleistocene (interglacial)0.774 - 0.129USA (Washington) Elephas primigenius (75033)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Russian Federation Mammuthus primigenius (189965)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kazakhstan Mammuthus primigenius (40497)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Elephas primigenius (94425)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz) Elephas primigenius (43015)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117China (Heilongjiang) Mammuthus primigenius (230983)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Russian Federation (Respublika Saha (Jakutija)) Mammuthus primigenius (48587 48592)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Suffolk) Mammuthus primigenius (195204)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Belgium Elephas primigenius (140370)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Utah) Elephas primigenius (75035)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Michigan) Elephas boreus (75044)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Mammuthus primigenius (92954)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alaska) Mammuthus primigenius (169385 225173 226211)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Michigan) Mammuthus primigenius (63394)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Ontario) Mammuthus primigenius (216260)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Elephas primigenius (155393)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Netherlands Mammuthus primigenius (82530 109703 178476)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Manitoba) Mammuthus primigenius (20577)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Mammuthus primigenius (103358 103794)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Drama) Mammuthus primigenius (204391)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Hungary (Barany) Mammuthus primigenius (197461)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Mammuthus primigenius (73692)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Northwest Territories) Mammuthus primigenius (73726)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Kavala) Mammuthus primigenius (204747)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Illinois) Elephas primigenius (75034)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Wisconsin) Mammuthus primigenius (176608 176609 176610 176611)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Mammuthus sp. (20626)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (British Columbia) Mammonteus primigenius (20632)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Russian Federation Mammuthus primigenius (189964)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain Mammuthus primigenius (150207)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Russian Federation (Sakha) Mammuthus primigenius (164185)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alaska) Mammuthus primigenius (93339 93555)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0North Atlantic Elephas primigenius (102954)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Alaska) Mammuthus primigenius (92955)