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Miohippus gidleyi
Taxonomy
Mesohippus gidleyi was named by Osborn (1904). Its type specimen is AMNH 1192, a partial skeleton (partly broken skull of young individual, with complete unworn grinding teeth, cervical vertebrre associated), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Indian Stronghold (Protoceras Channel), which is in a Whitneyan fluvial sandstone in the Brule Formation of South Dakota.
It was recombined as Pediohippus gidleyi by Schlaikjer (1935) and Scott (1941); it was recombined as Miohippus gidleyi by Matthew (1909), Osborn (1918), Hay (1930), Stirton (1940), Prothero and Shubin (1989) and MacFadden (1998).
It was recombined as Pediohippus gidleyi by Schlaikjer (1935) and Scott (1941); it was recombined as Miohippus gidleyi by Matthew (1909), Osborn (1918), Hay (1930), Stirton (1940), Prothero and Shubin (1989) and MacFadden (1998).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1904 | Mesohippus gidleyi Osborn |
1904 | Mesohippus validus Osborn p. 177 figs. Plate 1, Fig. H |
1904 | Mesohippus gidleyi Osborn p. 178 figs. fig. 8, Pl. v G |
1909 | Miohippus gidleyi Matthew |
1909 | Miohippus validus Matthew |
1918 | Miohippus validus Osborn p. 55 figs. Plates. 1.4, 3.5. Text Fig. 33 |
1918 | Miohippus gidleyi Osborn p. 56 figs. Plates 1.10, 3.4, 39.16,19, 51.8,12. Text Fig. 34 |
1925 | Mesohippus grallipes Sinclair p. 61 |
1930 | Miohippus gidleyi Hay |
1933 | Miohippus validus Stock |
1935 | Pediohippus gidleyi Schlaikjer p. 145 |
1940 | Miohippus gidleyi Stirton p. 172 |
1940 | Miohippus validus Stirton p. 172 |
1941 | Miohippus validus Scott |
1941 | Pediohippus gidleyi Scott |
1951 | Miohippus validus Macdonald |
1989 | Miohippus gidleyi Prothero and Shubin |
1998 | Miohippus gidleyi MacFadden p. 544 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Miohippus gidleyi Osborn 1904
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Invalid names: Mesohippus grallipes Sinclair 1925 [synonym], Miohippus validus Osborn 1904 [synonym]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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H. F. Osborn 1918 | (Osborn, 1904, p. 178, 1918) (1) An animal of somewhat larger size than the type of Miohippus inter-
mediWJ, which, however, it resembles in the presence of (2) a vertically deep lachrymo-malar fossa, and (3) in the sharpness of the metaloph crest of the molars. It is more primitive than Jf. intermediWJ in (4) the somewhat larger size of p1• (5) Hypostyle and transverse crest still connected with posterior cingulum, a distinct pli hypostyle; (6) internal cingulum persisting, especially evident on the premolars; (7) ectoloph more elevated than metaloph. Other special characters which appear to be distinctive are (8) the crenulation of the enamel surface of the premolars, and (9) a rudi- mentary spur or crochet, pli crochet, on the metaloph of p3, m2 ; (10) external cingulum tending to cross base of parastyle; (11) protoloph longer than metaloph in the premolars. | |
H. F. Osborn 1918 (Miohippus validus) | (Osborn, 1904, p. 177, 1917) PH apparently less than molars m1- 3 in length; (2) ectoloph elevated, height .013; (3) parastyle broad, paracone and metacone ribs distinct; (4) metaloph short or else separated from ecto- loph; (5) protoloph interrupted, protocone indented; (6) the hypostyle < shaped or triangular, connected with cingulum and with a strong outward spur. (7) Lachrymo-malar fossa relatively deep and vertically broad, subdivided by a low median ridge into anterior and posterior depressions; (8) cranial exceeds facial length. As compared with Mesohippus bairdii this animal is a relatively large horse, standing not less than twenty-eight inches at the withers. |