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Parahippus leonensis
Taxonomy
Parahippus leonensis was named by Sellards (1916). Its type specimen is FGS 5084, a partial skeleton (a pennanent tooth from the right upper jaw, probably M', two lower cheek teeth, an astragalus a·nd a first median and a first lateral phalanx), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Griscom Plantation, which is in a Miocene marine limestone in the Torreya Formation of Florida.
It was recombined as Hippodon leonensis by Quinn (1955); it was considered a nomen dubium by Macdonald (1992).
It was recombined as Hippodon leonensis by Quinn (1955); it was considered a nomen dubium by Macdonald (1992).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1916 | Parahippus leonensis Sellards p. 83 figs. Plate 11, Figs. 3, 6-9 and 12 |
| 1918 | Parahippus leonensis Osborn p. 95 figs. Text Fig. 72 |
| 1924 | Merychippus vellicans Hay p. 7 |
| 1924 | Merychippus socius Hay p. 9 |
| 1937 | Parahippus leonensis Schlaikjer p. 271 |
| 1940 | Parahippus leonensis Stirton p. 177 |
| 1940 | Parahippus vellicans Stirton p. 177 |
| 1942 | Parahippus barbouri White |
| 1955 | Hippodon leonensis Quinn |
| 1955 | Hippodon barbouri Quinn p. 13 |
| 1955 | Hippodon vellicans Quinn p. 13 |
| 1975 | Parahippus leonensis Forsten p. 13 figs. Tables 6, 7, 9, I 0, 27; Figs. 1, 2, 4 |
| 1975 | Parahippus vellicans Galusha |
| 1991 | Parahippus leonensis Hulbert, Jr. and MacFadden |
| 1998 | Parahippus leonensis MacFadden p. 546 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Parahippus leonensis Sellards 1916
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Invalid names: Merychippus socius Hay 1924 [synonym], Parahippus barbouri White 1942 [synonym], Parahippus vellicans Hay 1924 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| H. F. Osborn 1918 | (Sellards, pp. 83-85) "The tooth selected as the type is but little worn and serves well to show the
characters of the species....Of the described species of Parahippus this species presents apparently a rather close resem- blance to Parahippus (Anchippus) texanus (Leidy).l From that species, however, it differs first of all ill size, the antero- posterior diameter of the tooth being 16 mm. while that of the Texas species according to Gidley is 19 mm." | |
| A. -M. Forsten 1975 | Quinn (1955, p. 13, revised): Brachyodont or subhypsodont. Premolars and molars truncate wedge-shaped with base of crowns wide and summit narrow transversely; external face of premolars slightly convex, molars slightly concave. Parastylid weak, sloping diagonally across anterior face of teeth. Metaconid and metastylid well separated, flexids shallow. Pli hypoconid. Metaloph seldom disconnected from ectoloph; crochet seldom connecting to protoloph until well worn; protocone disconnected with spur in early wear, soon connecting. Traces of internal and external cingula. Cement. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Age range: Hemingfordian or 20.43000 to 15.97000 Ma
Collections (22 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| late Late Arikareean | USA (Oregon) | Parahippus leonensis (18013 18014) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (Florida) | Parahippus leonensis (type locality: 18537) | |
| Miocene | USA (Texas) | Hippodon vellicans (18605 18699) Parahippus leonensis (18698 18707 18710) | |
| Miocene | USA (Colorado) | Parahippus leonensis (18867) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Delaware) | Parahippus leonensis (18579) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Oregon) | Merychippus sp. (18015) Parahippus leonensis (17966 17967) | |
| Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Texas) | Parahippus leonensis (18692 18694) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Florida) | Parahippus leonensis (18586 18597) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Texas) | Merychippus socius, Merychippus vellicans, Parahippus leonensis (18626) Parahippus leonensis (18635 18690 75945) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Texas) | Merychippus vellicans (18646) |