PBDB Taxon

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Perchoerus probus

Mammalia - Tayassuidae

Taxonomy

Palaeochoerus probus was named by Leidy (1856). It is not a trace fossil.

It was recombined as Perchoerus probus by Leidy (1869), Hay (1902), Pearson (1923), Scott (1940), Wright (1998), Prothero (2009) and Prothero (2021).

Synonyms

Thinohyus trichaenus was named by Cope (1879).

It was recombined as Bothrolabis trichaenus by Cope (1888), Cope (1888) and Hay (1902); it was recombined as Perchoerus trichaenus by Cope and Matthew (1915) and Pearson (1923); it was synonymized subjectively with Perchoerus probus by Prothero (2009) and Prothero (2021).
Thinohyus robustus was named by Marsh (1894). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Perchoerus robustus by Hay (1902); it was synonymized subjectively with Perchoerus probus by Prothero (2009) and Prothero (2021).
Chaenohyus decedens was named by Cope (1879) [genotype]. Its type specimen is UCMP 1989, a mandible, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Thinohyus (Bothrolabis) decedens by Sinclair (1905); it was recombined as Perchoerus decedens by Pearson (1923); it was recombined as Thinohyus decedens by Albright (1999); it was considered a nomen dubium by Wright (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Perchoerus probus by Prothero (2009) and Prothero (2021).
Hyotherium americanum was named by Scott and Osborn (1887).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Wright (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Perchoerus probus by Prothero (2009) and Prothero (2021).
Palaeochoerus subaequans was named by Cope (1879).

It was recombined as Bothrolabis subaequans by Cope (1888) and Hay (1902); it was recombined as Thinohyus (Bothrolabis) subaequans by Peterson (1906); it was recombined as Perchoerus subaequans by Cope and Matthew (1915); it was considered a nomen dubium by Wright (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Perchoerus probus by Prothero (2009) and Prothero (2021).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1856	Palaeochoerus probus Leidy p. 165
1857	Palaeochoerus probus Leidy p. 89
1869	Perchoerus probus Leidy
1879	Chaenohyus decedens Cope p. 4
1879	Thinohyus trichaenus Cope p. 4
1879	Palaeochoerus subaequans Cope p. 5
1879	Chaenohyus decedens Cope p. 134
1887	Hyotherium americanum Scott and Osborn p. 155
1888	Bothrolabis trichaenus Cope
1888	Chaenohyus decedens Cope p. 63
1888	Bothrolabis subaequans Cope p. 67
1888	Bothrolabis trichaenus Cope p. 74
1894	Thinohyus robustus Marsh p. 94
1902	Hyotherium americanum Hay p. 656
1902	Perchoerus probus Hay p. 657
1902	Perchoerus robustus Hay p. 657
1902	Bothrolabis subaequans Hay p. 658
1902	Bothrolabis trichaenus Hay p. 658
1902	Chaenohyus decedens Hay p. 658
1905	Thinohyus (Bothrolabis) decedens Sinclair p. 134 figs. Pl. 16
1906	Chaenohyus decedens Peterson
1906	Thinohyus (Bothrolabis) subaequans Peterson p. 306
1915	Perchoerus subaequans Cope and Matthew pp. Plate CXa
1915	Perchoerus trichaenus Cope and Matthew
1923	Perchoerus decedens Pearson
1923	Perchoerus probus Pearson
1923	Perchoerus trichaenus Pearson
1940	Perchoerus probus Scott p. 503 figs. Pls. LII, Figs. 1, 2, 4, LIII, Fig. 2
1970	Chaenohyus decedens Macdonald
1998	Perchoerus probus Wright
1999	Thinohyus decedens Albright
2009	Perchoerus probus Prothero p. 520
2021	Perchoerus probus Prothero p. 7

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Artiodactylamorpha
—	Artiodactyla	()
superfamily	Suoidea
—	Suina	(Gray 1868)
family	Tayassuidae
genus	Perchoerus	Leidy 1869
species	probus	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Perchoerus probus Leidy 1856

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Invalid names: Bothrolabis trichaenus Cope 1879 [synonym], Chaenohyus decedens Cope 1879 [synonym], Hyotherium americanum Scott and Osborn 1887 [synonym], Palaeochoerus subaequans Cope 1879 [synonym], Thinohyus robustus Marsh 1894 [synonym], Thinohyus trichaenus Cope 1879 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
W. J. Sinclair 1905 (Thinohyus (Bothrolabis) decedens)	Facial region shortened, profile concave. Forehead convex. Molars rapidly increasing in diameter posteriorly, with strongly mammilated enamel. M3 with large antero-internal style and prominent postero-internal heel. In- ferior dental series interrupted by a diastema on either side of P 2 '
D. R. Prothero 2009	argest species of Perchoerus (ml-3 length = 44-49 mm); distinguished from P. minor by its larger size; distinguished from P. nanus by its much larger size, slightly larger cheek teeth, much larger M3 with a enlarged metacone and posterior cingulum, and longer m3 hypoconulid with more complex cusp patterns; distinguished from Thinohyus by its relatively brachycephalic, less robust skull, lacking diastemata.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

herbivoref

Diet 2:

omnivoref

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-06-08 10:11:09

Modified:

2005-08-23 13:10:33

Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1999, Nowak 1991

Age range: base of the Chadronian to the top of the Rupelian or 37.20000 to 28.10000 Ma

Collections (5 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Bartonian - Rupelian	41.3 - 28.1	Mexico (Oaxaca)	Perchoerus probus (166797)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Nebraska)	Perchoerus probus (16929)
Whitneyan	33.3 - 30.8	USA (Oregon)	Perchoerus probus (17349)
Whitneyan	33.3 - 30.8	USA (South Dakota)	Perchoerus probus (17315)
Geringian	30.8 - 26.3	USA (South Dakota)	Chaenohyus decedens (17644)