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Protohippus parvulus
Taxonomy
Equus parvulus was named by Marsh (1868). Its type specimen is Type consists of several individuals bearing the [YPM] numbers 11340 to 11345 and is a 3D body fossil.
It was recombined as Anchitherium parvulus by Leidy (1873) and Scott and Osborn (1890); it was recombined as Protohippus parvulus by Marsh (1874), Cope (1893), Matthew (1899), Gidley (1903), Osborn (1918) and Hay (1930); it was recombined as Mesohippus parvulus by Roger (1896); it was synonymized subjectively with Protohippus placidus by Trouessart (1898); it was recombined as Merychippus parvulus by Hay (1902), Trouessart (1905) and McGrew and Meade (1938); it was recombined as Parahippus parvulus by Gidley (1907); it was recombined as Nannippus parvulus by Stirton (1940); it was considered a nomen dubium by Macdonald (1992).
It was recombined as Anchitherium parvulus by Leidy (1873) and Scott and Osborn (1890); it was recombined as Protohippus parvulus by Marsh (1874), Cope (1893), Matthew (1899), Gidley (1903), Osborn (1918) and Hay (1930); it was recombined as Mesohippus parvulus by Roger (1896); it was synonymized subjectively with Protohippus placidus by Trouessart (1898); it was recombined as Merychippus parvulus by Hay (1902), Trouessart (1905) and McGrew and Meade (1938); it was recombined as Parahippus parvulus by Gidley (1907); it was recombined as Nannippus parvulus by Stirton (1940); it was considered a nomen dubium by Macdonald (1992).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1868 | Equus parvulus Marsh |
1873 | Anchitherium parvulus Leidy p. 252 |
1874 | Protohippus parvulus Marsh p. 251 |
1890 | Anchitherium parvulus Scott and Osborn p. 89 |
1893 | Protohippus parvulus Cope p. 25 |
1896 | Mesohippus parvulus Roger |
1899 | Protohippus parvulus Matthew |
1902 | Merychippus parvulus Hay p. 617 |
1903 | Protohippus parvulus Gidley p. 634 |
1905 | Merychippus parvulus Trouessart |
1907 | Parahippus parvulus Gidley p. 885 |
1918 | Protohippus parvulus Osborn p. 130 figs. 104, 105 |
1930 | Protohippus parvulus Hay |
1938 | Merychippus parvulus McGrew and Meade p. 201 |
1940 | Nannippus parvulus Stirton p. 186 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Protohippus parvulus Marsh 1868
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Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|
H. F. Osborn 1918 | (Matthew, 1913) As shown in the accompanying figures of the type specimen, the pes is generically indeterminate; it belongs either to Protohippus or to Hipparinn, probably to the former genus. The type includes a Mts. III of moderate length, approximately lacking the lateral facet for the cuneiform (a facet typically present in Pliohippus); the lateral metatarsals are rather heavy; the hoofs are of medium width; the navicular is low and broad; the ulna is coalesced suturally with the radius at the distal end, apparently also along the shaft. (Osborn, 1918) The discovery by Troxell (1916) of the pes of Protohippus (see Fig. 116a) tends to confirm the reference of this type to Protohippus, as a species not remote in size from the type of P. placidua Leidy. |