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Protohippus vetus

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

Taxonomy
Protohippus vetus was named by Quinn (1955) [type locality is 18608]. Its type specimen is BEG 31242-71, a maxilla (ght and left maxilla lacking the right P2), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Bennett Farm, San Jacinto County site 4, which is in a Barstovian terrestrial horizon in the Fleming Formation of Texas.

It was recombined as Merychippus vetus by Forsten (1975).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1955Protohippus vetus Quinn p. 17 figs. Pl. 1, Figs. 14 - 16
1975Merychippus vetus Forsten p. 27 figs. Tables 12, 30; Figs. 4, SA, 5B
1988Protohippus vetus Hulbert, Jr. p. 281
1998Protohippus vetus MacFadden p. 550

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
superfamilyEquoidea
familyEquidae
subfamilyEquinae
tribeEquini
genusProtohippus()
speciesvetus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Protohippus vetus Quinn 1955
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. H. Quinn 1955per cheek tooth series approximately the same length as P. per- ditus; teeth lower crowned, narrower transversely, enamel pattern more com- plex than in P. perditus; ectoloph flat- tened with styles and ribs strongly de- veloped; protocones long-oval and disconnected at the summit of the crowns; pli caballin on all cheek teeth in early stages of wear, lost with wear on molars · but not on premolars; bifurcate on some premolars; hypostylar fossette present on molars; lower cheek tooth pattern simi- lar to that of Hippodon; parastylid slop- ing diagonally across anterior face of teeth.
A. -M. Forsten 1975Quinn (1955, p. 17, revised): Hypsodont. Ectoloph flattened with styles and ribs strongly developed; protocone long-oval and disconnected at the summit of the crowns, seldom lower down. Pli caballin on all cheek teeth in early wear, lost with wear on molars but not on premolars, bifurcate on sone premolars. Hypostylar fossette present on some molars. Lower cheek teeth with rounded protoconid and hypoconid; parastylid variable.