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Xenicohippus grangeri

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

Taxonomy
Xenicohippus grangeri was named by Bown and Kihm (1981) [genotype]. Its type specimen is USGS 292, a mandible (right & left mandible fragments with P2–P4), and it is a 3D body fossil.

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1981Xenicohippus grangeri Bown and Kihm
1998Xenicohippus grangeri MacFadden p. 542
2002Xenicohippus grangeri Froehlich p. 174

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
superfamilyEquoidea
familyEquidae
genusXenicohippus
speciesgrangeri

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Xenicohippus grangeri Bown and Kihm 1981
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. J. Froehlich 2002Xenicohippus grangeri has all of the synapomorphies of the derived Xenicohippus clade: P2 large and relatively blade-like (Character 68, 0 to 1), P3 > 20% smaller than M1 linear dimensions (Character 71, 0 to 1), P4 entoconid always present (Character 75, 1 to 2), and lower molar paracristid a 30° to long axis of tooth (Character 87, 1 to 2), but lacks any autapomorphies in this analysis. It can be distinguished from Xenicohippus osborni by the relative size and morphology of the anterior premolars, specifically: P2 with postero-basal cusp, P3 relatively smaller than in X. osborni with weak metaconid, P4 relatively smaller than in X. osborni, and P4 and M1 about equal in size.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-31 16:55:50
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Nowak 1991

Age range: Wasatchian or 55.80000 to 50.30000 Ma

Collections (9 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Xenicohippus grangeri (15575 15576 15578)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Colorado) Xenicohippus grangeri (15225 15290 15295 15362 15370 15406)