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Hamamelidaceae (witch-hazel)

Angiospermae - Saxifragales - Hamamelidaceae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1818Hamamelidaceae Brown
1919Hamamelidaceae Knowlton
1926Hamamelidaceae Knowlton
1941Hamamelidaceae MacGinitie
1961Hamamelidaceae Chandler p. 67
1962Hamamelidaceae Chandler p. 69
1963Hamamelidaceae Chandler p. 89
2000Hamamelidaceae Mabberley
2008Hamamelidaceae Taylor et al. p. 1029
2011Hamamelidaceae Jud
2015Hamamelidaceae Wu and Sun
2016Hamamelidaceae The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group p. 16

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
—Mesangiosperms
—EudicotsDoyle and Hotton 1991
RankNameAuthor
—CoreeudicotsThe Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009
—Superrosids
orderSaxifragales
familyHamamelidaceaeBrown 1818
familyHamamelidaceaeBrown 1818

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Hamamelidaceae Brown 1818 [witch-hazel]
show all | hide all
G. †Allonia Magallon-Puebla et al. 1996
+
G. †Androdecidua Magallon et al. 2001
+
†Androdecidua endressii Magallon et al. 2001
G. †Corylopsiphyllum Koch 1963
+
G. Corylopsis Siebold and Zuccarini 1835
+
†Corylopsis bognorensis Chandler 1961
†Corylopsis latisperma Chandler 1961
†Corylopsis maii Collinson et al. 2012
†Corylopsis venablesi Chandler 1961
†Corylopsis waltheri Collinson et al. 2012
G. †Corylopsites Mathiesen 1932
+
†Corylopsites groenlandicus Mathiesen 1932
G. Distylium Siebold and Zuccarini 1841
G. †Eoliquidambar Chandler 1961
+
†Eoliquidambar hordwellensis Chandler 1961
G. Exbucklandia Brown 1946 [pipli]
+
Invalid names: Symingtonia Steenis 1952 [synonym]
G. Fothergilla Murray 1774
G. †Hamamelidanthium Conwentz 1886
+
†Hamamelidanthium succineum Conwentz 1886
G. Hamamelis Gronovius
+
†Hamamelis prejaponicum Srivastava and Suzuki 2001
Hamamelis virginiana Linnaeus 1753
G. †Hamamelites Saporta 1865
+
†Hamamelites cordatus Lesquereux 1883
†Hamamelites inaequalis Brown 1962
†Hamamelites quadrangularis Lesquereux 1868
†Hamamelites quercifolius Lesquereux 1883
†Hamamelites tenuinervis Lesquereux 1883
†Hamamelites voyana Lesquereux 1878
G. Liquidambar Linnaeus 1753 [sweetgum]
+
†Liquidambar californicum Lesquereux 1878
†Liquidambar convexum Cockerell 1908
†Liquidambar cucharas Knowlton 1918
†Liquidambar dakotense Brown 1962
†Liquidambar europaeum Braun 1836
+
Invalid names: Acerites pristinus Newberry 1868 [synonym], Liquidambar integrifolium Lesquereux 1868 [synonym]
†Liquidambar pachyphyllum Knowlton 1902
†Liquidambar palaeocenica Chandler 1961
†Liquidambar protensum Unger 1888
G. †Liquidambaroxylon Felix 1884
+
G. Loropetalum Brown 1829
G. Mytilaria Lecompte 1924
+
†Mytilaria boglei Collinson et al. 2012
G. Parrotia Meyer 1831 [ironwood]
+
†Parrotia brevipetiolata Meyer and Manchester 1997
†Parrotia canfieldi Lesquereux 1891
†Parrotia cuneata Newberry 1882
†Parrotia grandidentata Lesquereux 1891
†Parrotia winchelli Lesquereux 1891
G. Parrotiopsis Niedenzu 1905
G. †Protoaltingia Reid and Chandler 1933
+
†Protoaltingia europaea Reid and Chandler 1933
†Protoaltingia hantonensis Chandler 1962
G. Rhodoleia Hooker 1850
+
†Rhodoleia tengchongensis Wu and Sun 2015
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Cenomanian to the top of the Irvingtonian or 100.50000 to 0.30000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma

Collections (228 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Wyoming) Liquidambar fontanella (34972)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Liquidambar integrifolium (153400)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5USA (Georgia) Allonia decandra, Hamamelidaceae indet. (28320)
Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.8 - 70.6USA (Georgia) Allonia decandra (31513)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (South Carolina) Hamamelites cordatus (210092)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6China (Nei Mongol) Hamamelidaceae indet., Corylopsis crassa, Corylopsis sp. (71073)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Texas) Liquidambar sp. (165562)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0China (Xinjiang) Exbucklandia microdictya (223851)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (Montana) Hamamelites inaequalis (40094 40933)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58Japan (Oosani) Liquidambar protopalmata (22826)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58Japan (Aichi) Liquidambar miosinica (22819)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58Japan (Gunma) Liquidambar miosinica (22768)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0United Kingdom (England) Hamamelidaceae indet., Liquidambar palaeocenica (21218 23315)
Clarkforkian56.2 - 54.9USA (Wyoming) Hamamelidaceae sp. 1 (11356) Hamamelidaceae sp.1 (11380 11458)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Hamamelidaceae indet. (23397) Hamamelidaceae indet., Corylopsis venablesi, Corylopsis bognorensis, Corylopsis latisperma (21249) Hamamelidaceae indet., Liquidambar eocenicum, Protoaltingia europaea (22811) Protoaltingia hantonensis (23398)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Canada (British Columbia) Fothergilla dunthornei (227994)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Washington) Fothergilla durhamensis (22993)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9China (Guangxi) Liquidambar sp. (223907)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Japan (Yamaguchi) Distylium ubeanum (24481 24489) Liquidambar miosinica (24466 24477)
Graybullian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Hamamelidaceae sp. 1 (11336 11337 11338 11342 11349 11475 11476 11477 11490 11493 11495 11496 11502) Hamamelidaceae sp.1 (11363 11370 11394 11395 11397 11400 11406)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Distylium eocenica (21389)
MP 1348.6 - 40.4Germany (Eifel) Hamamelidaceae indet. (24201)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Hamamelidaceae indet., Protoaltingia hantonensis (24106) Protoaltingia hantonensis (24107 24108)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Jilin) Liquidambar sp., Parrotia sp. (179213)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Virginia) Liquidambar sp. (231698)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (California) Hamamelites voyana, Liquidambar californicum (23997 23998) Liquidambar californicum (23995 23996 24000 24002 24012 24013)
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene47.8 - 33.9China (Liaoning) Hamamelites inaequalis, Fothergilla rarinervia (223815)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Eoliquidambar hordwellensis, Protoaltingia hantonensis (27663)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Washington) Fothergilla durhamensis (22890 23001) Hamamelites voyana (22895) Hamamelites voyana, Liquidambar californica, Fothergilla durhamensis (22901 22932) Liquidambar californica (22902 22906 22966 22997) Liquidambar californica, Fothergilla durhamensis (22934)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Japan (Fukuoka) Hamamelis prejaponicum (224520)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4USA (Oregon) Hamamelidaceae gen. et sp. indet., Fothergilla praeovata (35237) Hamamelidaceae gen. et sp. indet., Parrotia brevipetiolata (35221) Liquidambar sp. (35220) Parrotia brevipetiolata (35235)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Distylium sp. (68021)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03USA (Montana) Exbucklandia oregonensis (23793)
Oligocene - Late/Upper Oligocene33.9 - 23.03Puerto Rico Liquidambar sp. (32294 32295 32297 32299)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03Germany (Saxony) Distylium fergusonii (24978) Liquidambar europaea (24922 24925 24984 24986 25001 25002 25003 25581)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03United Kingdom (England) Hamamelidaceae indet. (27665)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333USA (Maryland) Liquidambar sp. (231836)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Late/Upper Eocene28.4 - 33.9USA (Oregon) Exbucklandia oregonensis (35921)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03USA (Virginia) Liquidambar sp. (231708)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Germany (Sachsen) Distylium protagaeum (24179) Distylium protogaeum (26750) Liquidambar europaea (24184 26508)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Azerbaijan Hamamelidaceae indet., Liquidambar sp., Hamamelis sp. (116637)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Russian Federation (Tomsk) Corylopsis pauciflora (23669) Liquidambar europaea (23114 23673 23888)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Azerbaijan Liquidambar sp. (116633) Liquidambar sp., Corylopsis sp., Fothergilla sp., Hamamelis sp. (116623)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Canada (Northwest Territories) Liquidambar sp. (21371)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Zhejiang) Liquidambar miosinica, Fothergilla viburnifolia, Loropetalum elegans (224041)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Massachusetts) Liquidambar sp. (231784 231797 231798 231824 231825)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Japan (Aichi) Liquidambar formosana, Liquidambar sp., Corylopsis sp. (22820)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Maryland) Liquidambar sp. (231834 231835)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Fujian) Liquidambar miosinica (223929)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Switzerland (Zürich) Liquidambar europaea (46327)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Washington) Liquidambar pachyphyllum (224392 224397)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Mexico (Vera Cruz) Liquidambar incerta (32066)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Japan (Nagano) Liquidambar miosinica, Parrotia sp. (22796)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Germany (Bayern) Liquidambar magniloculata (28281 28282) Liquidambar magniloculata, Corylopsis urselensis (28280)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Georgia) Liquidambar sp. (55530)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Azerbaijan Liquidambar sp. (116629)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97China (Shandong) Liquidambar miosinica, Fothergilla viburnifolia, Hamamelis miomollis (223803)
Barstovian - Clarendonian16.3 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Liquidambar sp. (23401)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Brandenburg) Liquidambar europaea (23062 27378) Parrotia reidiana (23052 23060)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82USA (Virginia) Liquidambar sp. (79793)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (sachsen) Liquidambar sp., Distylium uralense (27519)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Germany (Brandenburg) Liquidambar europaea (27530 27547 27548 27551 27552)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Poland (Silesia) Liquidambar europaea, Parrotia fagifolia (28442) Liquidambar sp., Corylopsis sp. (28443)
MN 5 - MN 7 + 815.97 - 11.1Switzerland (Aargau) Liquidambar europaea (46279)
Langhian - Messinian15.97 - 5.333Japan (Hirakata) Liquidambar miosinica (22753) Liquidambar miosinica, Parrotia sp. (22744)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Sachsen) Liquidambar europaea (27381)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Virginia) Liquidambar sp. (126605 187324)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Brandenburg) Corylopsis urselensis (23042) Hamamelidaceae indet., Liquidambar europaea (27063) Hamamelidaceae indet., Liquidambar europaeus (23661) Liquidambar europaea (22899 23054 23058 23348 23355 23598 23608 23665 23677 27066 27512) Liquidambar europaea, Corylopsis urselensis (23025 23618) Liquidambar europaea, Hamamelis lusatica (23652) Liquidambar europaea, Parrotia reidiana (23055 27524) Liquidambar europaea, Parrotia reidiana, Hamamelis lusatica (23056) Parrotia fagifolia (27377)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Saxen) Liquidambar europaea (22898) Parrotia reidiana (22897)
MN 613.65 - 12.75Switzerland (Zürich) Liquidambar europaea (46239)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Switzerland (Thurgau) Liquidambar europaea (46277)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Slovakia Hamamelidaceae indet. (69715)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Turkey (Yalova) Liquidambar sp. (184470)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (Virginia) Liquidambar sp. (152251)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Germany (North Rhine Westphalia) Corylopsis urselensis, Distylium uralense (28045) Distylium uralense (27926)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Germany (North Rhine) Corylopsis urselensis (27930) Liquidambar magniloculata (28114) Liquidambar magniloculata (28051 28053 28056 28057 28115) Liquidambar magniloculata, Distylium uralense (28046 28113)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Japan (Gunma) Liquidambar japonica (21270) Liquidambar japonica, Liquidambar miosinica (21250) Liquidambar miosinica (21227 21238 21262) Liquidambar miosinica, Parrotia sp. (21224)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Japan (Gunma) Liquidambar miosinica (22755)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China (Yunnan) Exbucklandia cenica, Distylium sp. (222698)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.608 - 3.6France (Elsass) Liquidambar magniloculata, Corylopsis urselensis, Fothergilla europaea (21222)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Japan (Aichi) Liquidambar sp. (168063)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Germany (North Rhine) Liquidambar magniloculata, Corylopsis spicata, Corylopsis urselensis (28134)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Portugal Liquidambar sp. (232112 232145 232146 232147 232148)
Zanclean - Piacenzian5.333 - 2.588Germany (Thuringia) Corylopsis urselensis (22771)
Zanclean - Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Germany (North Rhine) Liquidambar magniloculata, Corylopsis urselensis (28171)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Italy (Umbria) Liquidambar sp. (51757 51758)
Piacenzian - Zanclean3.6 - 3.6Germany (North Rhine) Liquidambar magniloculata, Corylopsis urselensis (28197)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588China (Yunnan) Exbucklandia tengchongensis, Rhodoleia tengchongensis (224402)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Japan (Niigata) Liquidambar formosa (101021)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Germany (North Rhine) Liquidambar magniloculata (28198)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Germany (Thuringia) Liquidambar europaeus, Parrotia pristina, Corylopsis urselensis (22778)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Japan (Kishiwada city) Liquidambar sp. (168070)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (North Carolina) Liquidambar sp. (61887)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Japan (Tokyo) Liquidambar formosana (224546)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117India (Kashmir) Parrotia jacquemontiana, Parrotiopsis sp. (224613) Parrotiopsis sp. (224751)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Australia (Queensland) Hamamelidaceae indet. (168819 168822 168889)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774USA (Virginia) Liquidambar sp. (104698)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (South Carolina) Liquidambar indet. (79919)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France Parrotia pristina (42673)