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Pteranodontia

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Pteranodontia was named by Marsh (1876). It was considered monophyletic by Unwin (2003).

It was reranked as the family Pteranodontia by Günther (1886); it was reranked as the order Pteranodontia by Perrier (1928); it was synonymized subjectively with Pteranodontidae by Kellner (2010); it was reranked as the unranked clade Pteranodontia by Fernandes et al. (2022).

It was assigned to Pterosauria by Marsh (1876); to Ornithosauria by Günther (1886); to Pterosauria by Perrier (1928); to Euornithocheira by Unwin (2003); to Ornithocheiroidea by Andres and Myers (2013); and to Pterodactyloidea by Headden and Campos (2014) and Fernandes et al. (2022).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1876Pteranodontia Marsh p. 507
1886Pteranodontia Günther p. 444
1928Pteranodontia Perrier p. 3118
2003Pteranodontia Unwin p. 163
2013Pteranodontia Andres and Myers
2014Pteranodontia Headden and Campos
2022Pteranodontia Fernandes et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
RankNameAuthor
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
PterosauromorphaPadian 1997
Pterosauria(Kaup 1834)
suborderPterodactyloideaPlieninger 1901
Pteranodontia()
Pteranodontia()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Pteranodontia Marsh 1876
show all | hide all
G. †Alamodactylus Andres and Myers 2013
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Alamodactylus byrdi Andres and Myers 2013
Unr. †Aponyctosauria Fernandes et al. 2022
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G. †Alcione Longrich et al. 2018
+
Alcione elainus Longrich et al. 2018
G. †Epapatelo Fernandes et al. 2022
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Epapatelo otyikokolo Fernandes et al. 2022
Unr. †Nyctosauridae Hay 1902
+
G. †Barbaridactylus Longrich et al. 2018
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Barbaridactylus grandis Longrich et al. 2018
G. †Muzquizopteryx Frey et al. 2006
+
Muzquizopteryx coahuilensis Frey et al. 2006
G. †Simurghia Longrich et al. 2018
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Simurghia robusta Longrich et al. 2018
Superfm. †Ornithocheiroidea Seeley 1870
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G. †Anhanguera Campos and Kellner 1985
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Anhanguera araripensis Wellnhofer 1985
Anhanguera blittersdorffi Campos and Kellner 1985
Anhanguera cuvieri Bowerbank 1851
+
Invalid names: Ornithocheirus colorhinus Seeley 1869 [synonym], Ornithocheirus denticulatus Seeley 1870 [synonym]
Anhanguera ligabuei Dalla Vecchia 1993
Anhanguera piscator Kellner and Tomida 2000
Anhanguera robustus Wellnhofer 1987
Anhanguera santanae Wellnhofer 1985
Fm. †Anhangueridae Campos and Kellner 1985
+
Subfm. †Coloborhynchinae Holgado et al. 2019
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G. †Aerodraco Holgado and Pegas 2020
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Aerodraco sedgwickii Owen 1859
G. †Coloborhynchus Owen 1874
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Coloborhynchus moroccensis Mader and Kellner 1999
Invalid names: Amblydectes Hooley 1914 [synonym]
G. †Nicorhynchus Holgado and Pegas 2020
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Nicorhynchus capito Seeley 1870
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Invalid names: Ornithocheirus reedi Seeley 1870 [synonym]
Nicorhynchus fluviferox Jacobs et al. 2019
G. †Uktenadactylus Rodrigues and Kellner 2008
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Uktenadactylus rodriguesae Holgado and Pegas 2020
G. †Maaradactylus Bantim et al. 2014
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Maaradactylus kellneri Bantim et al. 2014
Maaradactylus spielbergi Veldmeijer 2003
Subfm. †Tropeognathinae Holgado and Pegas 2020
+
G. †Ferrodraco Pentland et al. 2019
+
Ferrodraco lentoni Pentland et al. 2019
G. †Mythunga Molnar and Thulborn 2007
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Mythunga camara Molnar and Thulborn 2007
Unr. †Mythungini Richards et al. 2023
+
G. †Thapunngaka Richards et al. 2021
G. †Siroccopteryx Mader and Kellner 1999
G. †Tropeognathus Wellnhofer 1987
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Tropeognathus mesembrinus Wellnhofer 1987
G. †Brasileodactylus Kellner 1984
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G. †Cearadactylus Leonardi and Borgomanero 1985
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Cearadactylus atrox Leonardi and Borgomanero 1985
G. †Guidraco Wang et al. 2012
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Guidraco venator Wang et al. 2012
G. †Istiodactylus Howse et al. 2001
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Istiodactylus latidens Seeley 1901
Istiodactylus sinensis Andres and Ji 2006
Unr. †Lanceodontia Andres et al. 2014
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Unr. †Anhangueria Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
+
G. †Camposipterus Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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Camposipterus colorhinus Seeley 1869
Camposipterus nasutus Seeley 1869
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Invalid names: Pterodactylus fittoni Owen 1859 [synonym]
Fm. †Hamipteridae Holgado et al. 2019
+
G. †Iberodactylus Holgado et al. 2019
Invalid names: Ornithocheirae Seeley 1870 [empty]
Unr. †Istiodactyliformes Kellner et al. 2019
+
G. †Hongshanopterus Wang et al. 2008
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Hongshanopterus lacustris Wang et al. 2008
Fm. †Istiodactylidae Howse et al. 2001
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G. †Archaeoistiodactylus Lü and Fucha 2010
G. †Liaoxipterus Dong and Lü 2005
Unr. †Mimodactylidae Kellner et al. 2019
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G. †Haopterus Wang and Lü 2001
G. †Mimodactylus Kellner et al. 2019
Unr. †Targaryendraconia Pegas et al. 2020
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G. †Targaryendraco Pegas et al. 2020
G. †Liaoningopterus Wang and Zhou 2003
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Liaoningopterus gui Wang and Zhou 2003
G. †Lonchodectes Hooley 1914
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Lonchodectes microdon Seeley 1869
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Invalid names: Ornithocheirus huxleyi Seeley 1870 [synonym], Ornithocheirus oweni Seeley 1870 [synonym]
Lonchodectes platystomus Seeley 1870
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Invalid names: Pterodactylus daviesii Owen 1874 [synonym]
G. †Longchengpterus Wang et al. 2006
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Longchengpterus zhaoi Wang et al. 2006
G. †Ludodactylus Frey et al. 2003
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Ludodactylus sibbicki Frey et al. 2003
G. †Nurhachius Wang et al. 2005
+
Nurhachius ignaciobritoi Wang et al. 2005
Nurhachius luei Zhou et al. 2019
G. †Ornithocheirus Seeley 1869
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Ornithocheirus simus Owen 1861
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Invalid names: Ornithocheirus platyrhinus Seeley 1870 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cimoliornis Owen 1846 [synonym], Criorhynchus Owen 1874 [objective synonym], Palaeornis Mantell 1835 [synonym]
G. †Ornithodesmus Seeley 1887
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Ornithodesmus cluniculus Seeley 1887
G. †Piksi Varricchio 2002
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Piksi barbarulna Varricchio 2002
Superfm. †Pteranodontoidea Kellner 1996
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G. †Aussiedraco Kellner et al. 2011
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Aussiedraco molnari Kellner et al. 2011
G. †Cimoliopterus Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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Cimoliopterus cuvieri Bowerbank 1851
Cimoliopterus dunni Myers 2015
G. †Hamipterus Wang et al. 2014
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Hamipterus tianshanensis Wang et al. 2014
G. †Ikrandraco Wang et al. 2014
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Ikrandraco avatar Wang et al. 2014
G. †Linlongopterus Rodrigues et al. 2015
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Linlongopterus jennyae Rodrigues et al. 2015
Invalid names: Euornithocheira Unwin 2003 [empty]
G. †Pteranodon Marsh 1876
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Subg. †Pteranodon (Longicepia) Miller 1971
Subg. †Pteranodon (Occidentalia) Miller 1971
Subg. †Pteranodon (Sternbergia) Miller 1971
Pteranodon longiceps Marsh 1876
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Invalid names: Pteranodon (Longicepia) marshi Miller 1971 [synonym], Pteranodon (Sternbergia) walkeri Miller 1971 [synonym]
Pteranodon sternbergi Harksen 1966
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Invalid names: Pteranodon (Occidentalia) eatoni Miller 1971 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ornithocheirus harpyia Cope 1872 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus umbrosus Cope 1872 [nomen dubium], Pteranodon comptus Marsh 1876 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus ingens Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus occidentalis Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus oweni Marsh 1871 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus velox Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Pteranodontidae Marsh 1876
+
G. †Dawndraco Kellner 2010
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Dawndraco kanzai Kellner 2010
G. †Geosternbergia Miller 1978
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Geosternbergia maiseyi Kellner 2010
G. †Santanadactylus Buisonjé 1980
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Santanadactylus brasilensis Buisonjé 1980
Santanadactylus spixi Wellnhofer 1985
G. †Tethydraco Longrich et al. 2018
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Tethydraco regalis Longrich et al. 2018
G. †Volgadraco Averianov et al. 2008
+
Volgadraco bogolubovi Averianov et al. 2008
Invalid names: Azhdarchinae Nessov 1984 [empty], Ornithostomatidae Williston 1893 [synonym], Ornithostomatinae Williston 1897 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
E. Perrier 1928Un bec pointu, sans dénis, comprimé latéralement. Symphyse mandibulaire très longue. Une longue crête, postérieure fortement saillante en arrière et dont la carène supérieure se continue en avant jusqu'au bout du museau. Narines réunies à la foyse préorbitaire. Queue courte. Omoplate articulée avec les apophyses épineuses fusionnées des vertèbres dorsales.
D. M. Unwin 2003Nyctosaurus gracilis, Pteranodon longiceps, their most recent common ancestor, and all its descendants
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: volanto
Diet: piscivoreo
Created: 2009-01-04 11:38:30
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:39:23
Source: o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Padian 1985, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Kimmeridgian to the top of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 157.30000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (139 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Bathonian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian167.7 - 150.8China (Liaoning) Archaeoistiodactylus linglongtaensis (92421)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Germany Ornithocheiroidea indet. (117200)
Late/Upper Berriasian - Valanginian145.0 - 132.9United Kingdom (England) Coloborhynchus clavirostris (92919)
Early/Lower Cretaceous145.0 - 100.5China (Liaoning) Nurhachius sp. (232022)
Late/Upper Valanginian140.2 - 136.4United Kingdom (England) Ornithodesmus sp., Pterosauria indet. (96621)
Early/Lower Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0Germany Ornithocheirus wiedenrothi (91586)
Late/Upper Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian136.4 - 125.45Brazil (Bahia) Pterosauria indet. (94537)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4France (Champagne-Ardenne) Ornithocheiroidea indet. (94140) Ornithocheirus sp. (94138)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45Argentina (Santa Cruz) Anhangueridae indet. (92232)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45Spain (Aragón) Iberodactylus andreui (203446) Istiodactylidae indet. (36368) Pterosauria indet. (53921)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45Spain (Castilla-La Mancha) Istiodactylidae indet. (28006)
Early/Lower Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian130.0 - 122.46China (Xinjiang) Hamipterus sp. (221561 221562) Hamipterus tianshanensis (58103 221560)
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian130.0 - 122.46China (Liaoning) Haopterus gracilis (92749) Istiodactylus sinensis (67611)
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian130.0 - 122.46United Kingdom (England) Euornithocheira indet. (13267) Istiodactylus latidens (90306)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Portugal (Lisboa) Ornithocheirus sp. (75267)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0United Kingdom (England) Coloborhynchus sp. (168797) Istiodactylidae indet., Istiodactylus latidens (101091 101092) Istiodactylus sp. (101093) Ornithodesmus cluniculus, Ornithodesmus latidens (48853) Uktenadactylus rodriguesae (60845)
Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian129.4 - 122.46United Kingdom (England) Ornithocheirus sp. (92917)
Barremian - Aptian129.4 - 113.0Russian Federation (Kemerovo) Istiodactylidae indet. (167304)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Venezuela (Zulia) Anhangueridae indet. (89071)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0China (Liaoning) Guidraco venator, Ikrandraco avatar (135798) Hongshanopterus lacustris (55536) Ikrandraco avatar (105772) Liaoningopterus gui (90046) Liaoxipterus brachyognathus, Longchengpterus zhaoi (79941) Linlongopterus jennyae (118207) Nurhachius ignaciobritoi (79523) Nurhachius luei (207051)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 112.03Brazil (Ceara) Ludodactylus sibbicki (77891)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 112.03Brazil (Ceará) Anhanguera santanae (94694) Anhanguera sp., Anhanguera blittersdorffi, Cearadactylus atrox, Tropeognathus robustus, Cearadactylus ligabuei, Brasileodactylus sp., Santanadactylus brasilensis, Brasileodactylus araripensis, Santanadactylus araripensis, Santanadactylus spixi, Araripesaurus santanae, Tropeognathus mesembrinus, Criorhynchus mesembrinus, Coloborhynchus spielbergi (92290) Coloborhynchus robustus, Anhanguera piscator (67712) Maaradactylus kellneri (194497)
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian122.46 - 109.0Brazil (Pernacumbo) Anhangueridae indet. (165422)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Australia (Queensland) Thapunngaka shawi (232021)
Albian113.0 - 100.5United Kingdom (England) Pterodactylus daviesii (92920)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Peru (Huánuco) Pteranodontidae indet. (89073)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3France (Champagne-Ardenne) Ornithocheirus sp. (85311)
Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian109.0 - 99.6Australia (Queensland) Anhangueridae indet. (96757) Pteranodon sp., Ornithocheirus sp., Lonchodectes sp. (89951)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Mexico (Puebla) Pteranodon sp. (80283)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6USA (Texas) Coloborhynchus wadleighi (35294)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Australia (Queensland) Anhanguera sp. (100367 100371) Mythunga camara (89950)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6United Kingdom (England) Ornithocheirus capito (94258) Ornithocheirus machaerorhynchus (94253) Ornithocheirus sp., Pterodactylus fittoni, Pterodactylus sedgwickii, Pterodactylus simus, Pterodactylus cuvieri, Ornithocheirus platystomus, Ornithocheirus platyrhinus, Ornithocheirus oweni, Ornithocheirus microdon, Ornithocheirus huxleyi, Ornithocheirus nasutus, Ornithocheirus polyodon, Ornithocheirus denticulatus, Ornithocheirus capito, Ornithocheirus colorhinus, Ornithocheirus reedi (94210) Pterodactyloidea indet. (94264)
Late/Upper Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian105.3 - 93.5Ukraine (Cherkassy) Anhangueria indet. (232019)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Montana) Pteranodontidae indet. (94768)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Brazil (Maranhão) Pterosauria indet. (56365)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Russian Federation (Saratov) Ornithocheirus sp. (92417)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8United Kingdom (England) Pterodactylus compressirostris, Pterodactylus cuvieri (92426)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8Congo-Kinshasa (Kasai-Oriental) Ornithocheiridae indet. (89997)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8Japan (Hokkaido) Pteranodon sp. (94681)
Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian100.5 - 89.3Australia (Queensland) Anhangueridae indet. (226547) Ferrodraco lentoni (153781)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Morocco (Drâa-Tafilalet) Anhangueridae indet. (99880 144705 155212 163916 163918) Coloborhynchus sp., Anhanguera piscator, Ornithocheirus simus, Coloborhynchus fluviferox (209058) Pteranodontidae indet. (90075) Pteranodontidae indet., Coloborhynchus moroccensis (96222) Siroccopteryx moroccensis (90077)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Australia (New South Wales) Anhangueria indet. (99240 189036)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5France (Poitou-Charentes) Ornithocheiroidea indet. (65421)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt (Giza) Anhanguera sp. (226126)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Texas) Cimoliopterus dunni (135744)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Lebanon Mimodactylus libanensis (138218) Ornithocheiroidea indet. (60311)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Russian Federation (Volgograd) Ornithocheiroidea indet., Lonchodectes sp. (92399)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5United Kingdom (England) Ornithocheirus sp. (118409)
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian99.6 - 89.3Australia (Queensland) Anhangueria indet. (62553)
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Late/Upper Turonian99.6 - 89.3USA (Texas) Pteranodon sp. (89077)
Late/Upper Turonian - Early/Lower Coniacian93.5 - 85.8Mexico (Coahuila) Muzquizopteryx sp., Nyctosauridae indet. (92293)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Pteranodon sp. (84698)
Early/Lower Coniacian89.3 - 85.8USA (Texas) Pteranodon sp. (100363)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian89.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Ornithocheirus umbrosus (93219)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Santonian89.3 - 83.5USA (Kansas) Dawndraco kanzai (101104) Pteranodon occidentalis (93384) Pteranodon sternbergi (93383)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Pteranodon comptus (93233) Pteranodon ingens (188486) Pteranodon longiceps (84697 93234 93422) Pteranodon longiceps, Ornithocheirus harpyia (93225) Pteranodon sp. (93391 94652) Pteranodon walkeri (93386) Pterodactylus ingens (93221) Pterodactylus ingens, Pterodactylus oweni (93217) Pterodactylus ingens, Pterodactylus velox (93220)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5USA (Kansas) Pteranodon longiceps, Pteranodon ingens (93387) Pteranodon sp. (85284 231925) Pterodactylus oweni (93218)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (California) Pteranodontidae indet. (94632)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (Delaware) Ornithocheiridae indet. (167538)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (South Dakota) Geosternbergia maiseyi (101100)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Dakota) Pteranodon longiceps (94635 94636 94637 94638 94639 94641 94643 94644 94645 94646 94647 94648)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Wyoming) Pteranodon longiceps (94650)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Russian Federation (Saratov) Azhdarchidae indet. (86332) Pteranodontidae indet. (216628) Volgadraco bogolubovi (92330)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Ornithocheiridae indet. (46565)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Montana) Piksi barbarulna (25658)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Dakota) Pteranodon longiceps (94640)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Angola (Namibe) Epapatelo otyikokolo, Ornithocheiroidea indet. (106705)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Romania (Hunedoara) Ornithocheiroidea indet. (221768)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Morocco (Khouribga) Tethydraco regalis (214896) Tethydraco regalis, Alcione elainus, Simurghia robusta, Barbaridactylus grandis (193774)