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Squalodelphinidae
Taxonomy
Squalodelphidae was named by Dal Piaz (1917) [NOT L. Ginsburg and P. Janvier 1971. Les mamiferes marins des faluns miocenes de la Touraine et de l'Anjou Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sciences de la Terre 6(22):161-195. p. 177.]. Its type is Squalodelphis. It was considered monophyletic by Muizon (1987) and Uhen et al. (2008) and Barnes and Reynolds (2009).
It was reranked as the family Squalodelphinae by Ginsburg and Janvier (1971); it was synonymized subjectively with Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); it was corrected as Squalodelphinidae by Muizon (1990), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Gingerich (2005), Godfrey et al. (2006), Barnes (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Rice (2009), Barnes and Reynolds (2009), Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce (2014), Lambert et al. (2014), Bianucci et al. (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Bianucci et al. (2018), Nelson and Uhen (2018), Viglino et al. (2022) and Godfrey and Lambert (2023).
It was assigned to Squaloceti by Dal Piaz (1929) and Van Deinse (1931); to Ziphiidae by Ginsburg and Janvier (1971); to Squalodontoidea by Barnes et al. (1985); to Odontoceti by Pilleri (1985) and Geisler and Sanders (2003); to Platanistoidea by Muizon (1984), Muizon (1987), Muizon (1990), Muizon (1994), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Gingerich (2005), Godfrey et al. (2006), Barnes (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Rice (2009), Barnes and Reynolds (2009), Geisler et al. (2011), Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce (2014), Lambert et al. (2014), Bianucci et al. (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Bianucci et al. (2018), Nelson and Uhen (2018) and Viglino et al. (2022); and to Platanidelphidi by Godfrey and Lambert (2023).
It was reranked as the family Squalodelphinae by Ginsburg and Janvier (1971); it was synonymized subjectively with Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); it was corrected as Squalodelphinidae by Muizon (1990), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Gingerich (2005), Godfrey et al. (2006), Barnes (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Rice (2009), Barnes and Reynolds (2009), Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce (2014), Lambert et al. (2014), Bianucci et al. (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Bianucci et al. (2018), Nelson and Uhen (2018), Viglino et al. (2022) and Godfrey and Lambert (2023).
It was assigned to Squaloceti by Dal Piaz (1929) and Van Deinse (1931); to Ziphiidae by Ginsburg and Janvier (1971); to Squalodontoidea by Barnes et al. (1985); to Odontoceti by Pilleri (1985) and Geisler and Sanders (2003); to Platanistoidea by Muizon (1984), Muizon (1987), Muizon (1990), Muizon (1994), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Gingerich (2005), Godfrey et al. (2006), Barnes (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Rice (2009), Barnes and Reynolds (2009), Geisler et al. (2011), Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce (2014), Lambert et al. (2014), Bianucci et al. (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Bianucci et al. (2018), Nelson and Uhen (2018) and Viglino et al. (2022); and to Platanidelphidi by Godfrey and Lambert (2023).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1917 | Squalodelphidae Dal Piaz p. 32 |
| 1929 | Squalodelphidae Dal Piaz p. 77 |
| 1931 | Squalodelphidae Van Deinse p. 33 |
| 1971 | Squalodelphinae Ginsburg and Janvier p. 170 |
| 1984 | Squalodelphidae Muizon p. 68 |
| 1985 | Squalodelphidae Barnes et al. p. 25 |
| 1985 | Squalodelphidae Pilleri p. 26 |
| 1987 | Squalodelphidae Muizon p. 13 |
| 1990 | Squalodelphinidae Muizon p. 312 |
| 1994 | Squalodelphidae Fordyce and Barnes p. 429 figs. Table 1 |
| 1994 | Squalodelphidae Muizon p. 136 |
| 1995 | Squalodelphidae Fordyce et al. p. 379 |
| 1998 | Squalodelphidae Rice |
| 2001 | Squalodelphinidae Fordyce and de Muizon p. 178 |
| 2002 | Squalodelphinidae Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1 |
| 2003 | Squalodelphinidae Geisler and Sanders p. 28 |
| 2005 | Squalodelphinidae Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1 |
| 2006 | Squalodelphinidae Barnes p. 32 |
| 2006 | Squalodelphinidae Godfrey et al. p. 68A |
| 2007 | Squalodelphinidae Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1 |
| 2008 | Squalodelphinidae Uhen et al. p. 582 |
| 2008 | Squalodelphinidae Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 189 |
| 2009 | Squalodelphinidae Barnes and Reynolds p. 487 |
| 2009 | Squalodelphinidae Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1 |
| 2011 | Squalodelphidae Geisler et al. p. 29 figs. Figure 5 |
| 2014 | Squalodelphinidae Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce p. 195 |
| 2014 | Squalodelphinidae Lambert et al. p. 990 |
| 2015 | Squalodelphinidae Bianucci et al. p. 6 |
| 2016 | Squalodelphinidae Marx et al. p. 126 figs. Figure 4.25 |
| 2017 | Squalodelphinidae Berta p. 163 |
| 2018 | Squalodelphinidae Bianucci et al. p. 4 |
| 2018 | Squalodelphinidae Nelson and Uhen |
| 2022 | Squalodelphinidae Viglino et al. p. 29 |
| 2023 | Squalodelphinidae Godfrey and Lambert p. 72 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Squalodelphinidae Dal Piaz 1917
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G. †Notocetus Moreno 1892
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†Notocetus vanbenedeni Moreno 1892
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Invalid names: Argyrodelphis benedeni Lydekker 1894 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Argyrodelphis Lydekker 1894 [objective synonym], Diochotichus Ameghino 1894 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M. D. Uhen et al. 2008 | Dal Piaz (1917) proposed the Squalodelphinidae (originally spelled Squalodelphidae) for the Italian Early Miocene species Squalodelphis fabianii. The family was mostly ignored, and often subsumed under Ziphiidae, until Muizon (1987, 1991) identified it as an extinct clade including Squalodelphis, Notocetus, and the North American Phocageneus (see Kellogg 1957), which forms the sister taxon for the Platanistidae sensu Muizon, and has these synapomorphies: periotic with square-shaped pars cochlearis and large thin-edged aperture for the cochlear aqueduct; tympanic bulla with ventral groove along whole length; manubrium of malleus with anterior extension; dorsal transverse process of atlas strongly developed, ventral process extremely reduced. The subcircular fossa of the basicranium may be characteristic, although the homology of such structures in platanistoids is not clear (Fordyce 1994, Muizon 1994). Like Platanista and the stem-Platanistidae, the scapula lacks the coracoid process, and the acromion lies on the anterior edge of the scapula with loss of the supraspinous fossa. | |
| O. Lambert et al. 2014 | Squalodelphinidae differ from Allodelphinidae and Platanistidae except Platanista by having a proportionally shorter rostrum (rostrum length/condylobasal length <0.70); Allodelphinidae and Platanistidae by lacking a deep lateral groove on the rostrum and a deeper, ‘V’-shaped, left antor- bital notch, related to anteriorly pointed antorbital process (right notch usually shallower). Squalodelphinidae differ from Platanistidae by having an antorbital-supraorbital region lacking a dis- tinct crest; a square-shaped pars cochlearis; a large, dorsally facing, aperture for the cochlear aqueduct of the periotic; median furrow of the tympanic affecting the whole length of bone, including the anterior spine (except in Squalodelphinidae aff. Huaridelphis raimondii MUSM 603); apical extension of the manubrium of the malleus (except in Squalodelphinidae aff. Huaridelphis raimondii MUSM 603); retention of ornamentation on posterior teeth; and strong development of the dorsal transverse process of the atlas and extreme reduction of its ventral process. |