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Hypacrosaurus altispinus

Reptilia - Hadrosauridae

Taxonomy
Hypacrosaurus altispinus was named by Brown (1913). Its type specimen is AMNH 5206, a set of postcrania, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is 4 miles above Tolman Ferry (50 ft level) [AMNH], which is in a Maastrichtian terrestrial siliciclastic in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Canada.

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1913Hypacrosaurus altispinus Brown
1914Hypacrosaurus altispinus Brown p. 376
1917Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gilmore p. 38
1917Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Lambe p. 118
1923Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Gilmore p. 47
1923Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Parks p. 8
1924Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Abel p. 714
1924Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Gilmore p. 34
1924Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gilmore p. 34
1927Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Huene p. 260
1927Hypacrosaurus altispinus Huene p. 260
1930Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Hay p. 217
1930Hypacrosaurus altispinus Hay p. 218
1930Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Russell p. 151
1930Hypacrosaurus altispinus Russell p. 151
1933Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Gilmore p. 62
1933Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gilmore p. 62
1933Hypacrosaurus altispinus Nopcsa and Heidsieck p. 223
1933Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Russell p. 129
1933Hypacrosaurus altispinus Russell p. 129
1935Hypacrosaurus altispinus Parks p. 193
1936Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Nagao p. 214
1939Hypacrosaurus altispinus Riabinin p. 17
1940Hypacrosaurus altispinus Wilfarth p. 13
1942Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Lull and Wright pp. 185-185 fig. 71
1942Hypacrosaurus altispinus Lull and Wright pp. 206-209 figs. 86-88
1960Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Langston p. 349
1964Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Kuhn p. 15
1964Hypacrosaurus altispinus Kuhn p. 20
1964Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Russell p. 15
1964Hypacrosaurus altispinus Russell p. 15
1964Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Tatarinov p. 567
1964Hypacrosaurus altispinus Tatarinov p. 568
1966Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Russell p. 21
1966Hypacrosaurus altispinus Russell p. 21
1967Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Russell and Chamney p. 12
1967Hypacrosaurus altispinus Russell and Chamney p. 12
1968Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Rozhdestvensky
1973Hypacrosaurus altispinus Morris p. 206
1975Hypacrosaurus altispinus Hopson p. 33 fig. 3
1981Hypacrosaurus altispinus Maryanska and Osmólska p. 20
1983Hypacrosaurus altispinus Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1984Hypacrosaurus altispinus Brinkmann p. 302 fig. 4
1990Hypacrosaurus altispinus Weishampel and Horner p. 557
1997Hypacrosaurus altispinus Eberth p. 201
1997Hypacrosaurus altispinus Hernández-Rivera p. 434
1997Hypacrosaurus altispinus Vickaryous and Ryan p. 490
1998Hypacrosaurus altispinus Godefroit et al. p. 19
2000Hypacrosaurus altispinus Currie p. 277
2003Hypacrosaurus altispinus Godefroit et al. p. 147
2004Hypacrosaurus altispinus Horner et al. p. 441
2006Hypacrosaurus altispinus Lund and Gates p. 272
2006Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Márquez et al. p. 938
2007Hypacrosaurus altispinus Evans and Reisz p. 384
2007Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gates et al. p. 919
2008Hypacrosaurus altispinus Godefroit et al. p. 66
2009Hypacrosaurus altispinus Evans et al. p. 1316
2009Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gates and Farke p. 1162
2009Hypacrosaurus altispinus Wagner and Lehman p. 606
2010Hypacrosaurus altispinus Evans p. 406
2010Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Marquez p. 845
2010Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Marquez and Salinas p. 824
2010Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Márquez p. 5 fig. 2
2010Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Márquez and Norell p. 25
2010Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Márquez and Wagner p. 1243
2011Hypacrosaurus altispinus Brink et al. p. 63
2011Hypacrosaurus altispinus Godefroit et al. p. 176
2011Hypacrosaurus altispinus Jasinski et al. p. 250
2011Hypacrosaurus altispinus Pereda-Suberbiola et al. p. 557
2011Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Márquez p. 64
2011Hypacrosaurus altispinus Sullivan et al. p. 405
2012Hypacrosaurus altispinus Bell p. 1
2012Hypacrosaurus altispinus Godefroit et al. p. 532
2012Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Marquez et al. p. 7
2012Hypacrosaurus altispinus Prieto-Márquez p. 527
2012Hypacrosaurus altispinus Ramírez-Velasco et al. p. 389
2013Hypacrosaurus altispinus Bell and Brink p. 265
2013Hypacrosaurus altispinus Bertozzo et al. p. 120
2013Hypacrosaurus altispinus Cruzado-Caballero et al.
2013Hypacrosaurus altispinus Farke et al. p. 22
2014Hypacrosaurus altispinus Bolotsky et al. p. 322
2014Hypacrosaurus altispinus Campione p. 208
2014Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gates et al. p. 157
2014Hypacrosaurus altispinus Ramírez-Velasco et al. p. 346
2014Hypacrosaurus altispinus Rivera-Sylva and Carpenter p. 164
2015Hypacrosaurus altispinus Peecook and Sidor p. 9
2015Hypacrosaurus altispinus Tan et al. p. 251
2017Hypacrosaurus altispinus Cruzado-Caballero and Powell p. 4
2018Hypacrosaurus altispinus Fondevilla et al. p. 8
2019Hypacrosaurus altispinus Takasaki et al. p. 3
2020Hypacrosaurus altispinus Dalla Vecchia p. 604
2020Hypacrosaurus altispinus Sakagami and Kawabe p. 10
2021Hypacrosaurus altispinus Gates et al. p. 15
2021Hypacrosaurus altispinus Holland et al. p. 11
2021Hypacrosaurus altispinus Kobayashi et al. p. 5

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
RankNameAuthor
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Ornithischia()
—Genasauria
—Cerapoda
—Ornithopoda()
—Clypeodonta
—Iguanodontia()
—Dryomorpha
—Styracosterna
—Hadrosauriformes
—Hadrosauroidea()
familyHadrosauridae
subfamilyLambeosaurinae
tribeCorythosauriniGlut 1997
genusHypacrosaurus
speciesaltispinus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Invalid names: Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Lambe 1917 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. C. Evans 2010In the most recent diagnosis by Lull & Wright (1942), the vast majority of characters cited as diagnostic for H. altispinus in fact characterize most lambeosaurines. Four characters are retained as valid autapomorphies for H. altispinus: ‘external naris opening far forward’, ‘no nasal vacuity on side of crest’, ‘angle of profile of crest and muzzle 140 degrees’, and ‘Ischium long, with large, terminal foot-like expansion’. The revised diagnosis provided here is as follows. Lambeosaurine hadrosaurid of the genus Hypacrosaurus that has the following autapomorphies: constricted external naris bound caudally by the enlarged dorsal margin of the premaxilla, postorbital with an unbranched squamosal process, jugal with an angular ventral flange, and the premaxilla–nasal fontanelle absent throughout ontogeny. Hypacrosaurus altispinus has one autapomorphy in the postcranial skeleton, a relatively enlarged ischial foot in which the depth of the foot is over 26% the length of the ischial shaft (convergently evolved in Parasaurolophus cyrtocristatus, Ostrom 1961a).