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Ficus (fig)

Angiospermae - Moraceae

Species
F. aguilar, F. alabamensis, F. alaskana, F. alkalina, F. andraei, F. appendiculata, F. applegatei, F. arenacea, F. arenaceaeformis, F. artocarpoides, F. asarifolia, F. asiminaefolia, F. atavina, F. auriculata, F. austiniana, F. baueri, F. beauveriei, F. berthoudi, F. bruesi, F. caricites, F. cecilensis, F. celtifolius, F. ceratops, F. champarensis, F. cinnamomoides, F. claibornensis, F. coloradensis (syn. F. irregularis), F. contorta, F. corylifolius, F. crassipes, F. crossii, F. curta, F. dalli (syn. F. membranacea), F. dalmatica, F. daphnogenoides (syn. F. proteoides), F. dawsoni (syn. F. maxima), F. decandolleana, F. deflexa, F. deformata, F. densifolia, F. denveriana (syn. F. spectabilis), F. distorta, F. duplicata, F. eolignitica, F. eomysorensis, F. eucalyptifolia, F. evanstonensis (syn. F. nervosa), F. fimbriatus, F. firma (syn. F. montana), F. florissantella, F. florissantia, F. fontainii, F. fracta, F. fremonti, F. georgiana, F. gigantea, F. glascoeana, F. goshenensis, F. haddeni, F. haguei, F. halliana, F. harkeriana, F. harrisiana, F. haydenii, F. hesperia, F. inaequalis, F. incompleta, F. interglacialis, F. jynx, F. kachchhensis, F. kansasensis (syn. F. angustata), F. khariensis, F. krausiana (syn. F. beckwithii), F. lacustris, F. lanceolatoacuminata, F. laurophylla (syn. Laurophyllum reticulatum), F. laurophyllidia, F. leei, F. leonis (syn. F. macrophylla), F. lesquereuxii, F. limpida, F. magnoliaefolia, F. mattawanensis, F. melanophylla, F. mensae (syn. F. microphylla), F. microtrivia, F. minima, F. minutidens, F. miocenicus, F. missouriensis, F. monodon, F. mudgei, F. myrtifolius, F. navicularis (syn. F. lanceolata), F. neoplanicostata, F. nepalensis, F. neurocarpa, F. newberryana, F. newtonensis, F. oblanceolata, F. occidentalis, F. oodlabariensis, F. oregoniana, F. ovaliformis (syn. F. ovalis), F. ovatifolia, F. planicostata (syn. F. clintoni), F. populina, F. populoides, F. praecursor, F. praelatifolia, F. praesinuosa (syn. F. sinuosa), F. praetrinervis, F. precunea, F. primordialis, F. problematica, F. pseudocuspidata, F. pseudopopulus, F. puryearensis, F. raptiensis, F. ratonensis, F. regularis, F. religiosites, F. retusoides, F. rhamnoides, F. richardsoni, F. richmondensis, F. rockvalensis, F. rotundata, F. russelli, F. sapindifolia, F. schimperi (syn. Celtis brevifolia), F. shastensis, F. shirleyensis, F. smithsoniana, F. speciossima, F. spericus, F. sphericus, F. squarrosa, F. starkvillensis, F. stephensoni, F. subtruncata, F. talamancana, F. tenuinervis, F. tessellata, F. tiliaefolia, F. tressensii, F. trinervis, F. uncata (syn. F. gaudini), F. undulatiformis (syn. F. undulata), F. ungeri, F. vaughani, F. viburnifolia, F. wardii, F. washingtonensis, F. wellingtoniae, F. wilcoxensis, F. willisiana, F. woolsoni, F. wyomingiana, F. zizyphoides

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1753Ficus Linnaeus
1899Ficus Knowlton
1914Ficus Berry p. 235
1919Ficus Knowlton
1926Ficus Knowlton
1941Ficus MacGinitie
1962Ficus Chandler p. 36
1963Ficus Chandler p. 76
1976Ficus Lakhanpal et al.
1991Ficus Chauhan
1991Ficus Srivastava
1993Ficus Antal and Awasthi
1996Ficus Liu et al.
1999Ficus Konomatsu and Awasthi
2000Ficus Mabberley
2008Ficus Prasad
2017Ficus Prasad et al.
2018Ficus Huang and Zhou

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
RankNameAuthor
Rosids
familyMoraceaeLink 1835
genusFicus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Ficus Linnaeus 1753 [fig]
show all | hide all
Ficus aguilar Knowlton 1918
Ficus alabamensis Berry 1919
Ficus alaskana Newberry 1882
Ficus alkalina Lesquereux 1883
Ficus andraei Lesquereux 1888
Ficus appendiculata Heer 1856
Ficus applegatei Knowlton 1902
Ficus arenacea Lesquereux 1871
Ficus arenaceaeformis Cockerell 1908
Ficus artocarpoides Lesquereux 1883
Ficus asarifolia Ettingshausen 1867
Ficus asiminaefolia Lesquereux 1883
Ficus atavina Heer 1882
Ficus auriculata Loureiro 1790
Ficus austiniana Lesquereux 1884
Ficus baueri Knowlton 1916
Ficus beauveriei Zeiller 1888
Ficus berthoudi Lesquereux 1888
Ficus bruesi Cockerell 1910
Ficus caricites Trivedi 1980
Ficus cecilensis Berry 1916
Ficus celtifolius Berry 1914
Ficus ceratops Knowlton 1911
Ficus champarensis Lakhanpal and Awasthi 1984
Ficus cinnamomoides Lesquereux 1869
Ficus claibornensis Berry 1914
Ficus coloradensis Cockerell 1910
+
Invalid names: Ficus irregularis Lesquereux 1871 [replaced]
Ficus contorta Dawson 1893
Ficus corylifolius Lesquereux 1872
Ficus crassipes Heer 1874
Ficus crossii Ward 1885
Ficus curta Knowlton 1917
Ficus dalli Cockerell 1910
+
Invalid names: Ficus membranacea Newberry 1883 [replaced]
Ficus dalmatica Ettingshausen 1855
Ficus daphnogenoides Heer 1866
+
Invalid names: Ficus proteoides Lesquereux 1891 [synonym]
Ficus dawsoni Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus maxima Dawson 1882 [replaced]
Ficus decandolleana Heer 1856
Ficus deflexa Lesquereux 1891
Ficus deformata Knowlton 1899
Ficus densifolia Knowlton 1899
Ficus denveriana Cockerell 1910
+
Invalid names: Ficus spectabilis Lesquereux 1872 [replaced]
Ficus distorta Lesquereux 1875
Ficus duplicata Knowlton 1918
Ficus eolignitica Berry 1916
Ficus eomysorensis Tripathi et al. 2002
Ficus eucalyptifolia Knowlton 1918
Ficus evanstonensis Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus nervosa Newberry 1882 [replaced]
Ficus fimbriatus Lesquereux 1868
Ficus firma Knowlton 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus montana Knowlton 1900 [replaced]
Ficus florissantella Cockerell 1908
Ficus florissantia Knowlton 1916
Ficus fontainii Berry 1919
Ficus fracta Velenovsky 1885
Ficus fremonti Knowlton 1917
Ficus georgiana Berry 1914
Ficus gigantea Knowlton 1918
Ficus glascoeana Lesquereux 1883
Ficus goshenensis Chaney and Sanborn 1933
Ficus haddeni Knowlton 1918
Ficus haguei Knowlton 1899
Ficus halliana Lesquereux 1874
Ficus harkeriana Knowlton 1919
Ficus harrisiana Hollick 1899
Ficus haydenii Lesquereux 1872
Ficus hesperia Knowlton 1900
Ficus inaequalis Lesquereux 1891
Ficus incompleta Knowlton 1900
Ficus interglacialis Hollick 1915
Ficus jynx Unger 1850
Ficus kachchhensis Lakhanpal and Guleria 1981
Ficus kansasensis Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus angustata Lesquereux 1883 [replaced]
Ficus khariensis Lakhanpal and Guleria 1982
Ficus krausiana Heer 1869
+
Invalid names: Ficus beckwithii Lesquereux 1882 [synonym]
Ficus lacustris Knowlton 1901
Ficus lanceolatoacuminata Ettingshausen 1872
Ficus laurophylla Lesquereux 1874
+
Invalid names: Laurophyllum reticulatum Lesquereux 1872 [synonym]
Ficus laurophyllidia Dawson 1893
Ficus leei Knowlton 1918
Ficus leonis Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus macrophylla Lesquereux 1891 [replaced]
Ficus lesquereuxii Knowlton 1898
Ficus limpida Ward 1885
Ficus magnoliaefolia Lesquereux 1883
Ficus mattawanensis Berry 1911
Ficus melanophylla Lesquereux 1891
Ficus mensae Cockerell 1910
+
Invalid names: Ficus microphylla Lesquereux 1878 [replaced]
Ficus microtrivia Huang and Zhou 2018
Ficus minima Knowlton 1918
Ficus minutidens Knowlton 1918
Ficus miocenicus Konomatsu and Awasthi 1999
Ficus missouriensis Knowlton 1900
Ficus monodon Lesquereux 1869
Ficus mudgei Lesquereux 1891
Ficus myrtifolius Berry 1916
Ficus navicularis Cockerell 1908
+
Invalid names: Ficus lanceolata Heer 1856 [replaced]
Ficus neoplanicostata Knowlton 1918
Ficus nepalensis Prasad 1990
Ficus neurocarpa Hollick 1903
Ficus newberryana Knowlton 1918
Ficus newtonensis Berry 1918
Ficus oblanceolata Lesquereux 1872
Ficus occidentalis Lesquereux 1872
Ficus oodlabariensis Antal and Awasthi 1993
Ficus oregoniana Lesquereux 1888
Ficus ovaliformis Cockerell 1910
+
Invalid names: Ficus ovalis Lesquereux 1875 [replaced]
Ficus ovatifolia Newberry 1896
Ficus planicostata Lesquereux 1872
+
Invalid names: Ficus clintoni Lesquereux 1872 [synonym]
Ficus populina Heer 1856
Ficus populoides Knowlton 1900
Ficus praecursor Lesquereux 1891
Ficus praelatifolia Knowlton 1916
Ficus praesinuosa Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus sinuosa Ward 1885 [replaced]
Ficus praetrinervis Knowlton 1917
Ficus precunea Lakhanpal 1968
Ficus primordialis Heer 1866
Ficus problematica Knowlton 1900
Ficus pseudocuspidata Berry 1916
Ficus pseudopopulus Lesquereux 1875
Ficus puryearensis Berry 1916
Ficus raptiensis Prasad and Awasthi 1996
Ficus ratonensis Knowlton 1918
Ficus regularis Knowlton 1917
Ficus religiosites Trivedi 1980
Ficus retusoides Prasad 1990
Ficus rhamnoides Knowlton 1900
Ficus richardsoni Knowlton 1918
Ficus richmondensis Berry 1909
Ficus rockvalensis Knowlton 1918
Ficus rotundata Dawson 1893
Ficus russelli Knowlton 1911
Ficus sapindifolia Hollick 1904
Ficus schimperi Lesquereux 1869
+
Invalid names: Celtis brevifolia Lesquereux 1869 [synonym]
Ficus shastensis Lesquereux 1888
Ficus shirleyensis Berry 1919
Ficus smithsoniana Lesquereux 1871
Ficus speciossima Ward 1885
Ficus spericus Berry 1929
Ficus sphericus Berry 1929
Ficus squarrosa Knowlton 1900
Ficus starkvillensis Knowlton 1918
Ficus stephensoni Berry 1910
Ficus subtruncata Lesquereux 1872
Ficus talamancana Berry 1921
Ficus tenuinervis Lesquereux 1883
Ficus tessellata Lesquereux 1878
Ficus tressensii Anzotegui 1998
Ficus trinervis Knowlton 1900
Ficus uncata Lesquereux 1871
+
Invalid names: Ficus gaudini Lesquereux 1871 [synonym]
Ficus undulatiformis Knowlton and Cockerell 1919
+
Invalid names: Ficus undulata Lesquereux 1891 [replaced]
Ficus ungeri Lesquereux 1871
Ficus vaughani Berry 1916
Ficus viburnifolia Ward 1885
Ficus wardii Knowlton 1900
Ficus washingtonensis Knowlton 1926
Ficus wellingtoniae Dawson 1893
Ficus wilcoxensis Berry 1916
Ficus willisiana Hollick 1894
Ficus woolsoni Newberry 1892
Ficus wyomingiana Lesquereux 1875
Ficus zizyphoides Lesquereux 1873
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Middle Pleistocene or 105.30000 to 0.12600 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma

Collections (251 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cretaceous145.0 - 100.5Canada (British Columbia) Ficus ovatifolia (31384)
Early/Lower Cretaceous145.0 - 100.5USA (Georgia) Ficus crassipes, Ficus krausiana (212692)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Canada (Alberta) Ficus ovatifolia (24838)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6USA (Montana) Ficus ovatifolia (31171)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9Canada (British Columbia) Ficus fontainii (24934)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Ficus inaequalis (31383) Ficus sp., Ficus fremonti (31382) Ficus trinervis (34974)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Colombia (Cundinamarca) Ficus andrewsi (31112)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Canada (British Columbia) Ficus daphnogenoides (31883 32029 32031 32096 32097 35005 35006) Ficus sp. (31912) Ficus sp., Ficus daphnogenoides (35010)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Wyoming) Ficus Fremontii, Ficus sp. (31187)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Canada (Alberta) Ficus daphnogenoides (31885)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Utah) Ficus daphnogenoides (103148)
Coniacian - Campanian89.8 - 72.1USA (New Mexico) Ficus planicostata (24182)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian89.3 - 83.6USA (Georgia) Ficus ovatifolia (28321)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5Canada (Alberta) Ficus trinervis (35083)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (South Carolina) Ficus atavina, Ficus celtifolius, Ficus crassipes, Ficus krausiana, Ficus stephensoni (210091) Ficus atavina, Ficus crassipes, Ficus krausiana (210092) Ficus crasipes, Ficus stephensoni (210094) Ficus crassipes (182933) Ficus crassipes, Ficus krausiana (210093) Ficus krausiana (212235 212237)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Mexico) Ficus trineruis, Ficus baueri, Ficus crossii, Ficus planicostata (34975) Ficus trinervus, Ficus planicostata (24180)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (Georgia) Ficus georgiana (212693)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Colorado) Ficus planicostata (31956 31957)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Ficus paryearensis, Ficus planicostata, Ficus rockvalensis (14514)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Ficus planicostata (25501 25911 25912 25914 25915 25918 25920 25922 25923 48184 48185 48191 48192 48195 48201 48204 48272 48273)