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Edmontosaurus annectens

Reptilia - Hadrosauridae

Taxonomy
Claosaurus annectens was named by Marsh (1892). Its type specimen is USNM 2414, a skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Schneider Creek, which is in a Maastrichtian terrestrial horizon in the Lance Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Thespesius occidentalis by Lucas (1900), Hay (1902), Gilmore (1915) and Hay (1930); it was recombined as Trachodon annectens by Hatcher (1902), Lucas (1904), Osborn (1911), Brown (1913), Brown (1913), Lambe (1913), Brown (1914), Brown (1914), Lambe (1914), Versluys (1923), Lull (1924), Huene (1927), Drevermann (1928) and Moodie (1930); it was recombined as Thespesius annectens by Gilmore (1924), Moodie (1926) and Gilmore (1933); it was recombined as Anatosaurus annectens by Lull and Wright (1942), Gregory (1948), Vialli (1960), Tatarinov (1964), Kuhn (1964), Russell (1964), Ostrom (1965) and Swinton (1970); it was recombined as Edmontosaurus annectens by Lambe (1917), Weishampel and Horner (1990), Hunt and Lucas (1992), Horner (1992), Derstler (1994), Turner (1997), Currie and Padian (1997), Eberth (1997), Godefroit et al. (1998), Carpenter (2000), Horner et al. (2004), Godefroit et al. (2004), Canudo et al. (2005), Lund and Gates (2006), Prieto-Márquez et al. (2006), Manning et al. (2008), Evans et al. (2009), Prieto-Márquez (2010), Prieto-Márquez and Norell (2010), Prieto-Márquez (2010), McDonald et al. (2010), Prieto-Marquez and Salinas (2010), Prieto-Marquez (2010), Prieto-Márquez and Wagner (2010), Campione and Evans (2011), Prieto-Márquez (2011), Brown and Druckenmiller (2011), Saveliev et al. (2012), Bell (2012), Prieto-Márquez (2012), Godefroit et al. (2012), Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2012), Zheng et al. (2013), Prieto-Marquez (2013), Farke et al. (2013), Vajda et al. (2013), Murphy et al. (2013), Xing et al. (2014), Currie and Koppelhus (2014), Prieto-Márquez (2014), Bolotsky et al. (2014), Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2014), Bell (2014), Prieto-Márquez and Wagner (2014), Campione (2014), Bell et al. (2014), Gates et al. (2014), Bell et al. (2014), Evans et al. (2015), Prieto-Márquez et al. (2016), Lehman et al. (2016), Prieto-Márquez and Gutarra (2016), Mori et al. (2016), Ullmann et al. (2017), Bertozzo et al. (2017), Cruzado-Caballero and Powell (2017), Fondevilla et al. (2018), Ullmann et al. (2019), Takasaki et al. (2019), Drysdale et al. (2019), Farke and Yip (2019), Snyder et al. (2020), Siviero et al. (2020), Ullmann et al. (2020) and Dalla Vecchia (2020).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1890Trachodon longiceps Marsh
1892Claosaurus annectens Marsh p. 435
1893Claosaurus annectens Hatcher p. 143
1893Claosaurus annectens Winkler p. 113
1896Claosaurus annectens Marsh figs. Pl. 72-74
1897Claosaurus annectens Marsh p. 516
1898Claosaurus annectens Williston p. 70
1898Claosaurus annectens Woodward p. 209
1899Claosaurus annectens Lambe p. 188
1900Claosaurus annectens Nopcsa p. 557
1900Hadrosaurus longiceps Nopcsa p. 557
1901Claosaurus annectens Nopcsa p. 211
1901Hadrosaurus longiceps Nopcsa p. 212
1902Claosaurus annectens Beecher p. 313
1902Trachodon annectens Hatcher p. 385
1902Trachodon longiceps Hay p. 504
1902Cliosaurus annectens Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxxiv
1903Claosaurus annectens Wieland p. 216
1904Trachodon annectens Lucas p. 317
1910Claosaurus annectens Brown p. 270
1910Claosaurus annectens Versluys p. 222
1911Trachodon annectens Osborn p. 7
1912Claosaurus annectens Brown p. 105
1913Trachodon annectens Brown p. 387
1913Trachodon annectens Lambe p. 25
1914Trachodon annectens Brown p. 374
1914Trachodon annectens Lambe pp. 133-134
1917Edmontosaurus annectens Lambe
1918Claosaurus annectens Lambe p. 139
1923Trachodon annectens Versluys p. 1
1924Thespesius annectens Gilmore p. 14
1924Thespesius edmontoni Gilmore pp. 14-15 figs. Pl. 2-5
1924Trachodon annectens Lull p. 270
1926Thespesius annectens Moodie p. 74
1926Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Sternberg
1926Thespesius saskatchewanensis Sternberg p. 75 figs. 1-3, pl. 15-17
1927Trachodon annectens Huene p. 260
1927Trachodon longiceps Huene p. 260
1927Thespesius edmontoni Huene p. 261
1927Thespesius saskatchewanensis Huene p. 261
1928Trachodon annectens Drevermann p. 202–203
1930Trachodon longiceps Hay p. 211
1930Thespesius edmontoni Hay p. 212
1930Thespesius saskatchewanensis Hay p. 213
1930Trachodon annectens Moodie p. 65
1930Thespesius edmontoni Riabinin p. 14
1930Thespesius edmontoni Russell p. 151
1930Thespesius saskatchewanensis Russell p. 153
1931Claosaurus annectens Johnson p. 374
1933Thespesius annectens Gilmore p. 48
1933Thespesius saskatchewanensis Gilmore p. 62
1933Thespesius edmontoni Russell p. 129
1936Thespesius saskatchewanensis Swinton p. 575
1942Anatosaurus annectens Lull and Wright pp. 154-156
1942Anatosaurus copei Lull and Wright p. 157
1942Anatosaurus saskatchewanensis Lull and Wright pp. 159-161 fig. 56
1942Anatosaurus edmontoni Lull and Wright pp. 161-162 fig. 57
1942Anatosaurus longiceps Lull and Wright pp. 163-164
1948Anatosaurus annectens Gregory p. 30
1960Anatosaurus saskatchewanensis Langston p. 347
1960Anatosaurus annectens Vialli p. 176
1964Anatosaurus annectens Kuhn p. 14
1964Anatosaurus copei Kuhn p. 14
1964Anatosaurus edmontoni Kuhn p. 14
1964Anatosaurus saskatchewanensis Kuhn p. 14
1964Anatosaurus longiceps Kuhn p. 15
1964Anatosaurus edmontoni Russell p. 15
1964Anatosaurus annectens Russell p. 17
1964Anatosaurus saskatchewanensis Russell p. 18
1964Anatosaurus copei Tatarinov p. 562 fig. 609
1964Anatosaurus edmontoni Tatarinov p. 562 fig. 609
1964Anatosaurus annectens Tatarinov p. 564
1965Anatosaurus annectens Ostrom p. 39
1965Anatosaurus longiceps Ostrom p. 39
1966Anatosaurus edmontoni Russell p. 16
1966Anatosaurus saskatchewanensis Russell p. 23
1967Edmontosaurus edmontoni Russell and Chamney p. 11
1970Anatosaurus annectens Swinton p. 216
1970Anatosaurus copei Swinton p. 221
1970Anatosaurus edmontoni Swinton p. 221
1976Anatosaurus copei Sloan p. 145
1979Anatosaurus copei Brett-Surman p. 561 fig. 1
1979Edmontosaurus edmontoni Brett-Surman p. 561 fig. 1
1980Anatosaurus edmontoni Drake p. 196
1983Anatosaurus copei Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1990Anatotitan copei Brett-Surman p. 177
1990Edmontosaurus annectens Weishampel and Horner p. 557
1990Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Weishampel and Horner p. 557
1992Edmontosaurus annectens Horner p. 119
1992Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Horner p. 119
1992Edmontosaurus annectens Hunt and Lucas p. 228
1992Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Hunt and Lucas p. 228
1992Anatotitan longiceps Olshevsky p. 230
1993Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Hunt and Lucas p. 80
1994Edmontosaurus annectens Derstler p. 133
1997Edmontosaurus annectens Currie and Padian p. 369
1997Edmontosaurus annectens Eberth p. 201
1997Edmontosaurus edmontoni Eberth p. 201
1997Edmontosaurus annectens Turner p. 788
1997Anatosaurus annectus Vickaryous and Ryan p. 490
1998Edmontosaurus annectens Godefroit et al. p. 26
1998Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Godefroit et al. p. 26
2000Edmontosaurus annectens Carpenter p. 139
2004Edmontosaurus annectens Godefroit et al. p. 147
2004Edmontosaurus annectens Horner et al. p. 440
2004Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Horner et al. p. 440
2005Edmontosaurus annectens Canudo et al. p. 12
2006Anatotitan copei Kirkland et al. p. 311 fig. 13
2006Anatotitan copei Lund and Gates p. 270
2006Edmontosaurus annectens Lund and Gates p. 271
2006Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Lund and Gates p. 271
2006Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez et al. p. 937
2008Anatotitan copei Godefroit et al. p. 63
2008Anatotitan copei Manning et al. p. 647
2008Edmontosaurus annectens Manning et al. p. 647
2009Edmontosaurus annectens Evans et al. p. 1316
2010Edmontosaurus annectens McDonald et al. p. 33 fig. 39
2010Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Marquez p. 845
2010Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Marquez and Salinas p. 833
2010Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez p. 3
2010Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez and Norell p. 23
2010Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez and Wagner p. 1243 fig. 3
2011Edmontosaurus annectens Brown and Druckenmiller p. 1350
2011Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Brown and Druckenmiller p. 1350
2011Edmontosaurus annectens Campione and Evans p. 9
2011Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez p. 63
2012Edmontosaurus annectens Bell p. 9
2012Edmontosaurus annectens Godefroit et al. p. 18 fig. 19
2012Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez p. 524
2012Edmontosaurus annectens Ramírez-Velasco et al. p. 392
2012Edmontosaurus annectens Saveliev et al. p. 80
2013Edmontosaurus annectens Farke et al. p. 51
2013Edmontosaurus annectens Murphy et al. p. 282
2013Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Marquez
2013Edmontosaurus annectens Vajda et al. p. 114
2013Edmontosaurus annectens Zheng et al.
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Bell p. 575
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Bell et al. p. 70
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Bell et al. p. 178
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Bolotsky et al. p. 320
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Campione p. 208
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Currie and Koppelhus p. 1034
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Gates et al. p. 160
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez p. 284
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez and Wagner p. 591
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Ramírez-Velasco et al. p. 349
2014Edmontosaurus annectens Xing et al. p. 1814
2015Edmontosaurus annectens Evans et al. p. 653
2016Edmontosaurus annectens Lehman et al. p. 343
2016Edmontosaurus annectens Mori et al. p. 17
2016Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez et al. p. 10
2016Edmontosaurus annectens Prieto-Márquez and Gutarra p. 144
2017Edmontosaurus annectens Bertozzo et al. p. 14
2017Edmontosaurus annectens Cruzado-Caballero and Powell p. 12 fig. 13
2017Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Cruzado-Caballero and Powell p. 12 fig. 13
2017Edmontosaurus annectens Ullmann et al. p. 779
2018Edmontosaurus annectens Fondevilla et al. p. 18
2019Edmontosaurus annectens Drysdale et al. p. 18
2019Edmontosaurus annectens Farke and Yip p. 59
2019Edmontosaurus annectens Takasaki et al. p. 2
2019Edmontosaurus annectens Ullmann et al. p. 2
2020Edmontosaurus annectens Dalla Vecchia p. 611
2020Edmontosaurus annectens Siviero et al. p. 202
2020Edmontosaurus annectens Snyder et al. p. 2
2020Edmontosaurus annectens Ullmann et al. p. 224

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
RankNameAuthor
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Ornithischia()
Genasauria
Cerapoda
Ornithopoda()
Clypeodonta
Iguanodontia()
Dryomorpha
Styracosterna
Hadrosauriformes
Hadrosauroidea()
familyHadrosauridae
subfamilyHadrosaurinaeLambe 1918
tribeEdmontosauriniGlut 1997
genusEdmontosaurus
speciesannectens()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Invalid names: Anatosaurus copei Lull and Wright 1942 [synonym], Edmontosaurus edmontoni Gilmore 1924 [synonym], Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis Sternberg 1926 [synonym], Trachodon longiceps Marsh 1890 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
N. E. Campione and D. C. Evans 2011Hadrosaurine hadrosaurid, which at large size (skull length .1 m) is differentiated from Edmontosaurus regalis by the following characteristics: presence of a very long prenarial region of skull; weakly excavated caudodorsal corner of narial vestibule; weakly developed postorbital fossa that results in a strait dorsal process of jugal.
A. Prieto-Márquez 2014E. annectens shows a longer prenarial region of the skull and a postorbital fossa and caudodorsal region of the nasal vestibule that are both less deeply excavated than in the other species, E. regalis.
H. Xing et al. 2014Hadrosaurine dinosaur of the genus Edmontosaurus with the following unique combination of features: elongate prenarial region of the snout that is approximately 30% as long as the skull; two premaxillary foramina present in the prenarial region of the circumnarial fossa; deep fossa along the right-angled lateral half of the posteroventral side of the prefrontal; postorbital strongly expanded laterally; mediolaterally narrow, steeply inclined anteroventrally and laterally base of the postorbital sutural surface of the jugal; and shortened dorsolateral process of the laterosphenoid, whose length is about 50% of the width of the paired sphenooccipital tubercles. This taxon differs from Edmontosaurus regalis in bearing an anteroposteriorly elongate and dorsoventrally flattened cranium, a relatively deflated oral margin of the premaxilla posterodorsally reflected and lip-shaped, a regularly subrectangular anterior end of the nasal with no apparent ventral expansion, elongate frontal processes of the nasals inserted between the frontals with a proportionally shorter external interfrontal suture, and an anteroposteriorly broad, moderately bulgy laterally jugal process of the postorbital that results in a weakly developed postorbital pocket (partially modified from Campione and Evans, 2011).