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Quercus (oak)

Angiospermae - Fagales - Fagaceae

Species
Q. (Cyclobalanopsis), Q. (Heterobalanus), Q. abnormalis, Q. acrodon, Q. acuminata, Q. acutissima, Q. aemulans, Q. affinis, Q. agrifolia, Q. alaskana (syn. Q. pandurata), Q. alba, Q. alnoides, Q. angustiloba, Q. antiqua, Q. aquamara, Q. aquifolioides, Q. argentum, Q. asymmetrica, Q. balaninorum, Q. banksiaefolia, Q. baueri, Q. berryi (syn. Q. breweri), Q. bicornis, Q. bonnieri, Q. boweniana, Q. brevifolia, Q. breweri, Q. carbonensis (syn. Dryophyllum basidentatum), Q. castaneopsis, Q. castanoides, Q. castanopsis, Q. catesbaeifolia, Q. celastrifolia, Q. chamissonis, Q. championii, Q. chaneyi, Q. chapmani, Q. chapmanifolia, Q. chrysolepis, Q. cinereoides, Q. clarnensis (syn. Q. affinis), Q. cognatus, Q. coloradensis, Q. competens, Q. consimilis, Q. convexa, Q. coriacea, Q. crossii, Q. culveri, Q. cuneata, Q. dakotensis, Q. dallii, Q. dawsoni, Q. dayana, Q. declinata, Q. dentata, Q. dentoni, Q. dentonoides, Q. digitata, Q. dilatata, Q. dispersa, Q. distincta, Q. doljensis (syn. Rhus pseudomeriani), Q. drymeja, Q. dryophyllopsis (syn. Q. latifolia), Q. dubia, Q. duriuscula, Q. eamesi (syn. Q. salicifolia), Q. elaena, Q. elaenoides, Q. elliptica, Q. ellisiana (syn. Q. pealei), Q. ellsworthianus, Q. eoprinoides, Q. eoxalapensis, Q. eucalyptifolia (syn. Q. chlorophylloides), Q. evansii, Q. fisheriana, Q. flexuosa, Q. florissantensis (syn. Q. pyrifolia), Q. fraxinifolia, Q. furcinervis, Q. furuhjelmi, Q. gardneri, Q. gaudini, Q. glascoena, Q. glauca, Q. glennii, Q. godeti, Q. goepperti, Q. goldianus, Q. griffithii, Q. grossidentata, Q. haidingeri, Q. hatcheri (syn. Q. montana, Q. cockerelli), Q. haugi, Q. haydeni, Q. hesperia, Q. hexagona, Q. hieracifolia, Q. hollickii, Q. holmesii (syn. Dryophyllum salicifolium), Q. horniana, Q. hosiana, Q. idahoensis, Q. ilex, Q. imbricaria, Q. incana, Q. johnstrupi, Q. judithae, Q. kanseana (syn. Hamamelites kansaseanus), Q. knowltoniana, Q. lambertensis, Q. lamellosa, Q. lantenoisi, Q. latifolia, Q. laurifolia, Q. lehmani, Q. lesquereuxiana (syn. Q. acrodon), Q. liaotungensis, Q. lonchitis, Q. lyrata, Q. lyratiformis, Q. macneilii, Q. macrocarpa, Q. magnifolia, Q. marylandica, Q. merriami (syn. Q. pseudolyrata angustiloba), Q. michauxii, Q. microdentata, Q. milleri, Q. minor, Q. miovariabilis, Q. mohavensis, Q. mongolica, Q. montana, Q. montanensis, Q. morrisoniana, Q. multinervis, Q. negundoides, Q. neomexicana, Q. nevadensis, Q. newberryi (syn. Q. cuneata), Q. nigra, Q. novaecaesareae, Q. oberlii, Q. obtusa, Q. olafseni, Q. oregoniana, Q. osbornii, Q. palustris, Q. pandurata, Q. parceserrata, Q. paucidentata, Q. payettensis, Q. penhallowi (syn. Q. laurifolia), Q. peritula, Q. phellos, Q. platanoides, Q. platinervis, Q. pliopalmeri, Q. poranoides, Q. praedumosa (syn. Q. turneri), Q. praegilva, Q. praenigra, Q. praeundulata (syn. Q. sinuata), Q. pratti, Q. predigitata, Q. prelobata, Q. previrginiana, Q. primordialis, Q. prinoides, Q. prinus, Q. protosalicina, Q. pseudoalba, Q. pseudoalnus, Q. pseudocastanea, Q. pseudochrysophylla, Q. pseudolyrata, Q. pseudowestfalica, Q. ramaleyi, Q. raritanensis, Q. ratonensis, Q. relongtanense, Q. renoana, Q. rhamnoides, Q. rockvalensis, Q. rubra, Q. rustii, Q. salicifolia, Q. scudderi, Q. semecarpifolia, Q. semialatus, Q. serra, Q. severnensis, Q. simplex, Q. simulata, Q. sinuata, Q. spokanensis, Q. spurioilex, Q. stantoni, Q. steenstrupiana, Q. stramineus, Q. subvariabilis, Q. sullyi, Q. sumterensis, Q. suspecta, Q. transgressus, Q. turneri, Q. ursina, Q. valdensis, Q. vancouveriana (syn. Dryophyllum neillianum, Dryophyllum elongatum, Q. occidentalis), Q. velutina, Q. viburnifolia, Q. victoriae, Q. virginiana, Q. wardiana, Q. washingtonensis (syn. Q. elliptica), Q. weedii, Q. whitei, Q. wislizenoides, Q. wyomingiana, Q. yanceyi, Q. yulensis, Q. zeilleri

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1753Quercus Linnaeus p. 994
1899Quercus Knowlton
1914Quercus Berry p. 35
1919Quercus Knowlton
1941Quercus MacGinitie
1959Quercus Brown p. 128
1974Quercus Ozaki
1976Quercus Lakhanpal et al.
1989Quercus Shoshani et al. p. 434
1991Quercus Chauhan
1991Quercus Srivastava
1996Quercus Liu et al.
2000Quercus Mabberley
2013Quercus Xing and Zhou
2014Quercus He et al.
2015Quercus Huang and Zhou
2016Quercus Xu et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
Rosids
Eurosids
RankNameAuthor
Fabid
orderFagales
familyFagaceae
genusQuercus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Quercus Linnaeus 1753 [oak]
show all | hide all
Subg. Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis) Oersted [ring-cupped oak]
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Quercus abnormalis Berry 1907
Quercus acrodon Massalongo 1853
Quercus acuminata Michaux 1895
Quercus acutissima Carruthers 1862
Quercus aemulans Lesquereux 1871
Quercus affinis Scheider 1837
Quercus alaskana Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus pandurata Heer 1868 [replaced]
Quercus alba Linnaeus 1753
Quercus alnoides Lesquereux 1891
Quercus angustiloba Braun 1861
Quercus antiqua Newberry 1868
Quercus aquamara Ward 1885
Quercus aquifolioides Rehder and Wilson 1916
Quercus argentum Knowlton 1901
Quercus asymmetrica Trelease 1924
Quercus balaninorum Cockerell 1908
Quercus banksiaefolia Newberry 1863
Quercus baueri Knowlton 1916
Quercus berryi Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus breweri Lesquereux 1883 [replaced]
Quercus bicornis Ward 1885
Quercus bonnieri Colani 1920
Quercus boweniana Lesquereux 1878
Quercus brevifolia Sargent 1895
Quercus breweri Engelmann 1880
Quercus carbonensis Ward 1885
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Invalid names: Dryophyllum basidentatum Ward 1885 [synonym]
Quercus castaneopsis Lesquereux 1883
Quercus castanoides Newberry 1882
Quercus castanopsis Newberry 1882
Quercus catesbaeifolia Berry 1916
Quercus celastrifolia Lesquereux 1888
Quercus chamissonis Heer 1868
Quercus championii Bentham 1854
Quercus chaneyi Knowlton 1926
Quercus chapmani Sargent 1895
Quercus chapmanifolia Berry 1916
Quercus chrysolepis Liebmann 1854
Quercus cinereoides Lesquereux 1878
Quercus clarnensis Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus affinis Newberry 1883 [replaced]
Quercus cognatus Knowlton 1926
Quercus coloradensis Lesquereux 1888
Quercus competens Lesquereux 1875
Quercus consimilis Newberry 1883
Quercus convexa Lesquereux 1878
Quercus coriacea Newberry 1863
Quercus crossii Lesquereux 1887
Quercus culveri Knowlton 1899
Quercus cuneata Wangenheim 1820
Quercus dakotensis Lesquereux 1883
Quercus dallii Lesquereux 1882
Quercus dawsoni Knowlton 1898
Quercus dayana Knowlton 1902
Quercus declinata Dorf 1930
Quercus dentata Thunberg 1784
Quercus dentoni Lesquereux 1883
Quercus dentonoides Knowlton 1900
Quercus digitata Sudworth 1892
Quercus dilatata Lindley 1864
Quercus dispersa Lesquereux 1878
Quercus distincta Lesquereux 1878
Quercus doljensis Pilar 1883
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Invalid names: Rhus pseudomeriani Lesquereux 1878 [synonym]
Quercus drymeja Unger 1847
Quercus dryophyllopsis Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus latifolia Lesquereux 1875 [replaced]
Quercus dubia Newberry 1882
Quercus duriuscula Knowlton 1902
Quercus eamesi Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus salicifolia Newberry 1868 [replaced]
Quercus elaena Unger 1847
Quercus elaenoides Lesquereux 1878
Quercus elliptica Liebmann 1864
Quercus ellisiana Lesquereux 1872
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Invalid names: Quercus pealei Lesquereux 1871 [synonym]
Quercus ellsworthianus Lesquereux 1868
Quercus eoprinoides Berry 1904
Quercus eoxalapensis MacGinitie 1941
Quercus eucalyptifolia Ettingshausen 1883
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Invalid names: Quercus chlorophylloides Knowlton 1898 [synonym]
Quercus evansii Lesquereux 1859
Quercus fisheriana Knowlton 1918
Quercus flexuosa Newberry 1863
Quercus florissantensis Cockerell 1908
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Invalid names: Quercus pyrifolia Lesquereux 1883 [synonym]
Quercus fraxinifolia Lesquereux 1878
Quercus furcinervis Rossmässler 1883
Quercus furuhjelmi Heer 1868
Quercus gardneri Knowlton 1918
Quercus gaudini Lesquereux 1859
Quercus glascoena Lesquereux 1891
Quercus glauca Thunberg 1784
Quercus glennii Hollick 1906
Quercus godeti Heer 1856
Quercus goepperti Lesquereux 1878
Quercus goldianus Lesquereux 1873
Quercus griffithii Hooker and Thomson 1864
Quercus grossidentata Knowlton 1899
Quercus haidingeri Ettingshausen 1851
Quercus hatcheri Knowlton 1906
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Invalid names: Quercus cockerelli Trelease 1918 [objective synonym], Quercus montana Knowlton 1905 [replaced]
Quercus haugi Colani 1920
Quercus haydeni Lesquereux 1869
Quercus hesperia Knowlton 1899
Quercus hexagona Lesquereux 1868
Quercus hieracifolia Debey 1880
Quercus hollickii Berry 1903
Quercus holmesii Lesquereux 1883
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Invalid names: Dryophyllum salicifolium Lesquereux 1874 [synonym]
Quercus horniana Lesquereux 1888
Quercus hosiana Lesquereux 1891
Quercus idahoensis Knowlton 1898
Quercus ilex Linnaeus 1753
Quercus imbricaria Michaux 1801
Quercus incana Bartram 1791
Quercus johnstrupi Heer 1883
Quercus judithae Knowlton 1905
Quercus kanseana Lesquereux 1874
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Invalid names: Hamamelites kansaseanus Lesquereux 1874 [synonym]
Quercus knowltoniana Cockerell 1908
Quercus lambertensis Berry 1916
Quercus lamellosa Smith 1814
Quercus lantenoisi Colani 1920
Quercus latifolia Michaux 1801
Quercus laurifolia Michaux 1801
Quercus lehmani Hollick 1904
Quercus lesquereuxiana Knowlton 1898
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Invalid names: Quercus acrodon Lesquereux 1868 [replaced]
Quercus liaotungensis Koidzumi 1912
Quercus lonchitis Unger 1850
Quercus lyrata Walter 1788
Quercus lyratiformis Cockerell 1908
Quercus macneilii Brown 1962
Quercus macrocarpa Michaux 1801
Quercus magnifolia Knowlton 1899
Quercus marylandica Du Roi 1772
Quercus merriami Knowlton 1902
Quercus michauxii Nuttall 1818
Quercus microdentata Hollick 1899
Quercus milleri Berry 1909
Quercus minor Marshall 1889
Quercus miovariabilis Hu and Chaney 1938
Quercus mohavensis Axelrod 1939
Quercus mongolica Fischer 1850
Quercus montana Willdenow 1801
Quercus montanensis Knowlton 1900
Quercus morrisoniana Lesquereux 1883
Quercus multinervis Lesquereux 1859
Quercus negundoides Lesquereux 1871
Quercus neomexicana Knowlton 1918
Quercus nevadensis Lesquereux 1878
Quercus newberryi Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus cuneata Newberry 1868 [replaced]
Quercus nigra Linnaeus 1753
Quercus novaecaesareae Hollick 1897
Quercus oberlii Buechler et al. 2007
Quercus obtusa Knowlton 1926
Quercus olafseni Heer 1868
Quercus oregoniana Knowlton 1902
Quercus osbornii Lesquereux 1883
Quercus palustris Münchhausen 1770
Quercus pandurata Humboldt and Bonpland 1813
Quercus parceserrata Saporta and Marion 1871
Quercus paucidentata Newberry 1882
Quercus payettensis Knowlton 1898
Quercus penhallowi Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus laurifolia Newberry 1883 [replaced]
Quercus peritula Cockerell 1908
Quercus phellos Linnaeus 1753
Quercus platanoides Lamarck 1893
Quercus platinervis Lesquereux 1859
Quercus pliopalmeri Axelrod 1937
Quercus poranoides Lesquereux 1874
Quercus praedumosa Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus turneri Knowlton 1900 [replaced]
Quercus praegilva Krystofovich 1926
Quercus praenigra Knowlton 1926
Quercus praeundulata Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus sinuata Newberry 1868 [replaced]
Quercus pratti Berry 1907
Quercus predigitata Berry 1907
Quercus prelobata Condit 1944
Quercus previrginiana Berry 1916
Quercus primordialis Lesquereux 1868
Quercus prinoides Willdenow 1801
Quercus prinus Linnaeus 1753
Quercus protosalicina Suzuki 1959
Quercus pseudoalba Hollick 1906
Quercus pseudoalnus Ettingshausen 1852
Quercus pseudocastanea Göppert 1853
Quercus pseudochrysophylla Lesquereux 1878
Quercus pseudolyrata Lesquereux 1878
Quercus ramaleyi Cockerell 1906
Quercus raritanensis Berry 1909
Quercus ratonensis Knowlton 1918
Quercus relongtanense Colani 1920
Quercus renoana Axelrod 1958
Quercus rhamnoides Lesquereux 1891
Quercus rockvalensis Knowlton 1918
Quercus rubra Linnaeus 1753
Quercus rustii Knowlton 1926
Quercus scudderi Knowlton 1916
Quercus semialatus Lesquereux 1868
Quercus serra Unger 1847
Quercus severnensis Berry 1910
Quercus simplex Newberry 1882
Quercus simulata Knowlton 1898
Quercus sinuata Walter 1788
Quercus spokanensis Knowlton 1926
Quercus spurioilex Knowlton 1891
Quercus stantoni Knowlton 1917
Quercus stramineus Lesquereux 1872
Quercus subvariabilis Tanai 1955
Quercus sullyi Newberry 1883
Quercus sumterensis Berry 1914
Quercus suspecta Lesquereux 1891
Quercus transgressus Lesquereux 1878
Quercus turneri Willdenow 1809
Quercus ursina Knowlton 1902
Quercus valdensis Heer 1856
Quercus vancouveriana Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Dryophyllum elongatum Dawson 1893 [synonym], Dryophyllum neillianum Dawson 1893 [synonym], Quercus occidentalis Dawson 1893 [replaced]
Quercus velutina Lamarck 1785
Quercus viburnifolia Lesquereux 1878
Quercus victoriae Dawson 1882
Quercus virginiana Miller 1768
Quercus wardiana Lesquereux 1891
Quercus washingtonensis Trelease 1918
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Invalid names: Quercus elliptica Newberry 1863 [replaced]
Quercus weedii Knowlton 1899
Quercus whitei Lesquereux 1888
Quercus wislizenoides Axelrod 1944
Quercus wyomingiana Lesquereux 1872
Quercus yanceyi Knowlton 1899
Quercus yulensis Brown 1962
Quercus zeilleri Colani 1920
Invalid names: Quercus pseudolyrata angustiloba Lesquereux 1888 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Holocene or 105.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma

Collections (330 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cretaceous145.0 - 100.5USA (South Dakota) Quercus Wardiana (34868)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6USA (Kansas) Quercus sp. (34726)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Quercus stantoni (31382) Quercus viburnifolia (34973 34974)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Wyoming) Quercus stantonii (31187)
Coniacian - Campanian89.8 - 72.1USA (New Mexico) Quercus viburnifolia (24182)
Coniacian - Campanian89.8 - 72.1Canada (British Columbia) Dryophyllum elongatum (35219) Quercus richardsoni (35174 35177)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Mexico (Michoacán) Quercus sp. (57047)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (South Carolina) Quercus pseudowestfalica (210091 210095) Quercus sumterensis, Quercus pseudowestfalica (210092)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Montana) Quercus stantoni (27363)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Wyoming) Quercus stantoni (27314 27359 27360 27361 27366)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Portugal (Coimbra) Quercus sp. (49228)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Quercus ellisiana (35576) Quercus viburnifolia (34922 34967 34969)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7USA (Montana) Quercus sullyi (53607)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (Colorado) Quercus greenlandica (53004) Quercus sullyi (39899 53011)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (Montana) Quercus sullyi (40082 40092 53687 53846 53948 53953)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (North Dakota) Quercus macneili, Quercus sullyi, Quercus yulensis (58085) Quercus sullyi (58087)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (Wyoming) Quercus greenlandica (40276 40841 43305 43307 57954) Quercus sullyi (43312 57995)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.588Japan (Aichi) Quercus protoaliena, Quercus protoacuta, Quercus protosalicina, Quercus glauca (22819)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.588Japan (Oosani) Quercus sinomiocenicum, Quercus protoaliena, Quercus protoserrata (22826)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.588Japan (Gunma) Quercus miovariabilis (22768)