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Caryophyllales
Discussion
Caryophyllales Juss. ex Bercht. & J. Presl
Taxonomy
Caryophyllales was named by Berchtold and Presl (1820). It is extant.
It was assigned to Caryophyllidae by Mabberley (2000); to Eudicots by Taylor et al. (2008) and Jud (2011); and to Superasterids by The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
It was assigned to Caryophyllidae by Mabberley (2000); to Eudicots by Taylor et al. (2008) and Jud (2011); and to Superasterids by The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
Subtaxa
Achatocarpaceae, Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Anacampserotaceae, Ancistrocladaceae, Asteropeiaceae, Barbeuiaceae, Basellaceae, Cactaceae, Caryophyllaceae (syn. Alsinaceae), Chenopodiaceae, Didiereaceae, Dioncophyllaceae, Droseraceae, Drosophyllaceae, Frankeniaceae, Gisekiaceae, Halophytaceae, Hantsia, Hectorellaceae, Kewaceae, Limeaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Lymingtonia, Macarthuriaceae, Microteaceae, Molluginaceae, Montiaceae, Nepenthaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Petiveriaceae (syn. Rivinaceae), Phenanthera, Physenaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Portulacaceae, Rhabdodendraceae, Sarcobataceae, Simmondsiaceae, Stegnospermataceae, Talinaceae, Tamaricaceae
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1820 | Caryophyllales Berchtold and Presl p. 239 |
2000 | Caryophyllales Mabberley |
2008 | Caryophyllales Taylor et al. p. 1029 |
2011 | Caryophyllales Jud |
2016 | Caryophyllales The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Caryophyllales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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Fm. †Amaranthaceae de Jussieu 1789
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G. Aerva Forsskål 1775
G. Alternanthera Forskål 1775 [joyweed]
G. Amaranthus Linnaeus 1753
G. Chenopodium Linnaeus 1753 [goosefoot]
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Chenopodium album Linnaeus 1753
Chenopodium gracilispicum Kung 1978
G. Deeringia Brown 1810
G. Psilotrichum Blume 1826
Fm. †Ancistrocladaceae Walpers 1851
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Fm. Caryophyllaceae Jussieu 1789 [carnation]
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G. †Caryophylloflora Jordan and Macphail 2003
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†Caryophylloflora paleogenica Jordan and Macphail 2003
G. †Centrospermocarpon Sheikh and Khubalkar 1982
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†Centrospermocarpon chitaleyi Sheikh and Khubalkar 1982
G. Cerastium Linnaeus 1753 [chickweed]
G. Dianthus Linnaeus 1753
G. †Gypsophila Linnaeus 1753
G. Spergula Linnaeus 1753 [spurrey]
G. Stellaria Linnaeus 1753
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Stellaria media Linnaeus 1753
Stellaria petiolaris von Handel-Mazzetti 1940
Invalid names: Alsinaceae [synonym]
Fm. Chenopodiaceae Ventenant 1799
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G. Atriplex Linnaeus 1753 [orache]
G. †Chenopodipollis Krutzsch 1966
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†Chenopodipollis chenopodiaceoides Truswell 1985
†Chenopodipollis multicavus Anzotegui and Cuadrado 1996
†Chenopodipollis multiplex Krutzsch 1966
Fm. †Droseraceae Salisbury 1808
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G. Drosera Linnaeus 1753 [sundew]
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Drosera peltata Thunberg 1797
Drosera rotundifolia Linnaeus 1753
G. †Droseridites Potonié 1960
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†Droseridites baculites Ibrahim 1996
†Droseridites parvus Dutta and Sah 1970
†Droseridites senonicus Jardiné and Magloire 1965
†Droseridites spinosa Cookson 1947
G. †Lymingtonia Erdtman 1960
Fm. †Nyctaginaceae de Jussieu 1789
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G. Boerhavia Linnaeus 1753 [spiderling]
G. Pisonia Linnaeus 1753 [birdcatcher tree]
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†Pisonia chlorophylloides Berry 1916
†Pisonia claibornensis Berry 1914
†Pisonia cretacea Berry 1910
†Pisonia eolignitica Berry 1916
†Pisonia puryearensis Berry 1916
†Pisonia racemosa Lesquereux 1873
Fm. †Phytolaccaceae Brown 1818
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G. †Coahuilacarpon Cevallos-Ferriz et al. 2008
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†Coahuilacarpon phytolaccoides Cevallos-Ferriz et al. 2008
Fm. Polygonaceae Jussieu 1789 [knotweed]
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G. Calligonum Linnaeus 1753
G. Muehlenbeckia Meisner 1841
G. Oxyria Hill 1765
G. †Polycolporopollenites Kedves 1965
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†Polycolporopollenites ellipticus Kedves 1965
†Polycolporopollenites esobalteus Pocknall and Mildenhall 1984
G. †Polygonocarpum Weyland 1937
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†Polygonocarpum curtisii Manchester and O'Leary 2010
†Polygonocarpum fimbriatum Weyland 1938
†Polygonocarpum johnsonii Manchester and O'Leary 2010
Invalid names: Achatocarpaceae Heimerl 1934 [empty], Aizoaceae Martinov 1820 [empty], Anacampserotaceae [empty], Asteropeiaceae Takhtajan 1990 [empty], Barbeuiaceae Nakai 1942 [empty], Basellaceae Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1837 [empty], Didiereaceae Radlkofer 1896 [empty], Dioncophyllaceae Airy Shaw 1952 [empty], Drosophyllaceae Chrtek et al. 1989 [empty], Frankeniaceae Desvaux 1817 [empty], Gisekiaceae Nakai 1942 [empty], Halophytaceae Soriano 1984 [empty], Hectorellaceae Philipson and Skipworth [empty], Kewaceae Christenh [empty], Limeaceae Shipunov 2005 [empty], Lophiocarpaceae Doweld and Reveal 2008 [empty], Macarthuriaceae Christenh [empty], Microteaceae Schäferhoff and Borsch [empty], Molluginaceae Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1825 [empty], Nepenthaceae von Berchtold and Presl 1829 [empty], Physenaceae Takhtajan 1985 [empty], Rhabdodendraceae Prance 1968 [empty], Sarcobataceae Behnke 1997 [empty], Simmondsiaceae Reveal and Hoogland 1900 [empty], Stegnospermataceae Nakai 1942 [empty], Talinaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: p = phylum | |||||
Reference: Kiessling 2009 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Barremian to the top of the Holocene or 129.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.0 Ma
Collections (330 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Barremian - Aptian | Sudan (West Kurdufan) | Droseridites senonicus (145177) | |
Late/Upper Cretaceous - Miocene | China (Xingjian) | Chenopodipollis sp. (140039) | |
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Santonian | Egypt (Matruh) | Droseridites senonicus (137375) | |
Turonian | Nigeria (Gambe) | Droseridites senonicus (144201) | |
Turonian | Egypt (Western Desert) | Droseridites baculatus (142210 142211 142212 142213 142214 142215) | |
Coniacian - Santonian | Egypt (north Western Desert) | Droseridites senonicus (140379 140385) | |
Senonian | Senegal (Dakar) | Droseridites senonicus (137363) | |
Santonian | Mexico (Michoacán) | Chenopodipollis sp. (57047) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Mexico (Coahulia) | Coahuilacarpon phytolaccoides (116353) | |
Middle Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Droseridites spinulosus (123351) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | Chenopodipollis sp. (84455) | |
Danian | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae (168419 168421 168422 168424 168428 168430 168431 168433 168547) | |
Paleocene | USA (Missouri) | Chenopodipollis spp. (231963) | |
Paleocene | India (Meghalaya) | Droseridites parvus (224683) | |
Paleogene | Argentina (Chubut) | Chenopodipollis chenopodiaceoides (152926) | |
Paleogene | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Centrospermocarpon chitaleyi, Dianthus sp. (224606) | |
Tertiary - Late/Upper Miocene | Russian Federation (Omsk) | Rumex sp. (24322) | |
Tertiary | Dominican Republic (Samana) | Pisonia conditi (31231) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | Colombia | Lymingtonia sp. (28565) | |
Eocene | USA (Missouri) | Lymingtonia rhetor (231931) |