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Symplocaceae (sweetleaf)

Angiospermae - Ericales - Symplocaceae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1820Symplocaceae Desfontaines
1961Symplocaceae Chandler p. 109
1962Symplocaceae Chandler p. 134
1963Symplocaceae Chandler p. 129
2000Symplocaceae Mabberley
2016Symplocaceae The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group p. 19

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
classDicotyledoneae
RankNameAuthor
orderEricales()
familySymplocaceaeDesfontaines 1820
familySymplocaceaeDesfontaines 1820

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Symplocaceae Desfontaines 1820 [sweetleaf]
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G. †Durania Kirchheimer 1935
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†Durania ehrenbergi Kirchheimer 1935
G. †Epacridicarpum Chandler 1960
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†Epacridicarpum headonense Chandler 1960
†Epacridicarpum mudense Chandler 1960
G. †Pallioporia Kirchheimer 1934
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†Pallioporia symplocoides Kirchheimer 1934
G. †Sphenotheca Kirchheimer 1934
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†Sphenotheca incurva Kirchheimer 1934
G. †Symplocoides Chandler 1926
G. †Symplocoipollenites Potonié 1960
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†Symplocoipollenites constrictus Sah and Kar 1970
†Symplocoipollenites indicus Ramanujam 1966
†Symplocoipollenites kutchensis Venkatachala and Kar 1969
†Symplocoipollenites microechinatus De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Symplocoipollenites minutus Venkatachala and Kar 1969
G. Symplocos Jacquin 1760
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†Symplocos bognorensis Chandler 1961
†Symplocos grimsleyi Tiffney 1999
†Symplocos headonensis Chandler 1926
†Symplocos lakensis Chandler 1962
†Symplocos trilocularis Reid and Chandler 1933
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Campanian to the top of the Holocene or 83.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 72.1 Ma

Collections (182 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Cretaceous - Early/Lower Paleocene100.5 - 61.7Argentina (Chubut) Symplocoipollenites microechinatus (195707)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Canada (Alberta) Symplocoipollenites vestibulum (207022)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Alberta) Symplocoipollenites vestibulum (36264 55352)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Argentina (Chubut) Symplocoipollenites austellus (150882) Symplocoipollenites microechinatus (31653 199410)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Symplocoipollenites vestibulum (32522)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (Mississippi) Symplocos virginiensis group (231188)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58Japan (Nagano) Symplocos sp. (22815)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Virginia) Symplocos grimsleyi (22775)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Symplocaceae indet., Symplocos sp., Symplocos lakensis (23398) Symplocos bognorensis (21249) Symplocos lakensis, Symplocos headonensis (23397) Symplocos radobojana (22811) Symplocos sp. (21244)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Missouri) Symplocos contracta (231931 231932) Symplocos gemmata (231933)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Symplocos sp., Epacridicarpum mudense (27721)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Mississippi) Symplocos virginiensis group (231530)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6India (Gujarat) Symplocoipollenites kutchensis, Symplocoipollenites minutus (224627)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Miocene55.8 - 5.333Argentina Symplocos commutatifolia (32201)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Symplocos exilis (21389)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Epacridicarpum headonense (24107) Symplocos headonensis (24106) Symplocos sp., Symplocos headonensis (24108)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Virginia) Symplocos jacksoniana, Symplocos contracta group, Symplocos sp. A, Symplocos spp. (231698) Symplocos spp. (231682)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Oregon) Symplocos nooteboomii (21220)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0United Kingdom (England) Symplocaceae indet., Epacridicarpum mudense, Epacridicarpum headonense (24109) Symplocos sp., Epacridicarpum mudense, Epacridicarpum headonense (27778)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Symplocos sp., Symplocos headonensis, Epacridicarpum headonense (27663)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Symplocos volkeri (68021)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03Germany (Saxony) Epacridicarpum headonense (24982) Epacridicarpum mudense (25002) Symplocos kirstei (24977 24978 24979 25575 25578 25586 25588) Symplocos kirstei, Epacridicarpum headonense (24983) Symplocos kirstei, Symplocos schereri (24922) Symplocos lignitarum, Epacridicarpum mudense (25001)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03United Kingdom (England) Symplocos angelica, Symplocos headonensis (27665)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333USA (Maryland) Symplocos sp. (231836)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Germany (Brandenburg) Symplocos lignitarum (26515 26748)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Germany (Sachsen) Symplocos lignitarum (26508) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis (24183) Symplocos salzhausensis (24184 24533) Symplocos salzhausensis, Sphenotheca bornensis (26510)
Early/Lower Miocene - Burdigalian23.03 - 15.97USA (Vermont) Symplocos sp. (22776)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333India (Tamil Nadu) Symplocoipollenites indicus (224618)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Massachusetts) Symplocos sp. (231824)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Japan (Aichi) Symplocos sp. (22820)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Japan (Nagano) Symplocos coreana (22789 22796)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Germany (Bayern) Symplocos anglica, Symplocos durensis, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos lusaticum, Symplocos poppeana, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri, Symplocos wiesaensis (28280) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos lusaticum, Symplocos poppeana, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri (28282) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis (28281) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos wiesaensis (28283)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (sachsen) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis, Symplocos wiesaensis, Sphenotheca sp. (27519)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Brandenburg) Epacridicarpum colwellense (23686) Symplocos lignitarum (27521) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos ludwigii, Symplocos salzhausensis, Pallioporia symplocoides, Sphenotheca incurva (23049) Symplocos ludwigii, Symplocos salzhausensis, Symplocos lignitarum, Pallioporia symplocoides (23052) Symplocos minutula, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis, Symplocos schereri, Pallioporia symplocoides, Sphenotheca incurva (23062) Symplocos minutula, Symplocos salzhausensis, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos germanica, Epacridicarpum pusillum (23060)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Germany (Sachsen) Epacridicarpum colwellense (27279)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Denmark (Jylland) Epacridicarpum sp. (28313)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Germany (Brandenburg) Pallioporia symplocoides (27551) Symplocos lignitarum (27553) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos wiesaensis, Pallioporia symplocoides (27548) Symplocos poppeana, Symplocos lignitarum (27530 27547) Symplocos wiesaensis, Symplocos lignitarum, Pallioporia symplocoides (27552)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Poland (Silesia) Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos poppeana (28442)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Germany (Brandenburg) Symplocos lignitarum (22930)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Sachsen) Epacridicarpum pusillum (27376) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis, Sphenotheca incurva (27381)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Saxen) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos germanica, Sphenotheca incurva (22898) Symplocos salzhausensis, Symplocos germanica (22897)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Germany (Brandenburg) Sphenotheca incurva (23059) Symplocos arecaeformis (22896) Symplocos arecaeformis, Sphenotheca incurva (22929) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos tetraporina (23609) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos ludwigii, Symplocos tetraporina (27016) Symplocos lignitarum (22928 23042 23046 23050 23055 23608 23616 23681 27522 27523) Symplocos lignitarum, Sphenotheca incurva (23677) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos germanica (23058) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos germanica, Pallioporia symplocoides, Sphenotheca incurva (23054) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis (22899 23355) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis, Sphenotheca incurva (23348 23654) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausensis, Symplocos minutula, Symplocos wiesaensis, Symplocos lusaticum, Symplocos germanica, Symplocos poppeana, Sphenotheca incurva (23652) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos schereri, Symplocos minutula (23056) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos schereri, Symplocos wiesaensis, Symplocos germanica, Pallioporia symplocoides (23598) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos wiesaensis, Symplocos salzhausensis, Pallioporia symplocoides, Sphenotheca incurva (23661) Symplocos ludwigii (27063) Symplocos salzhausensis (27524 27528) Symplocos sp. (23618)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Germany (North Rhine) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos minutula, Symplocos pseudogregaria, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri, Epacridicarpum mudense, Sphenotheca incurva (28046) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis (28053) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri (28051) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos pseudogregaria, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri (28118) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos pseudogregaria, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri, Sphenotheca incurva (28116 28117) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos pseudogregaria, Symplocos schereri, Sphenotheca incurva (28057) Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum (28114 28115) Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos schereri, Sphenotheca incurva (28056) Symplocos lignitarum (28113) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos minutula, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Epacridicarpum mudense (27923) Symplocos pseudogregaria, Epacridicarpum mudense (27930)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Germany (North Rhine Westphalia) Epacridicarpum mudense (28045) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum (27929) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis (28044) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri (27919) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos minutula, Symplocos pseudogregaria, Symplocos schereri, Epacridicarpum mudense (27927) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Epacridicarpum mudense, Sphenotheca incurva (27926) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri (27921) Symplocos lignitarum (27918) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos schereri, Epacridicarpum mudense (27925) Symplocos salzhausenensis, Epacridicarpum mudense (27922)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Germany (North Rhine Westphalia) Symplocos germanica, Symplocos gothanii, Symplocos lignitarum (27928)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.608 - 3.6France (Elsass) Symplocos casparyi, Symplocos granulosa, Symplocos lignitarum (21222)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.608 - 3.6Japan (Kouwa-cho) Symplocos glauca, Symplocos prunifolia (22827)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Germany (North Rhine) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos pliocenicum, Symplocos salzhausenensis, Symplocos schereri, Symplocos sp., Sphenotheca incurva (28134)
Zanclean - Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Germany (North Rhine) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos pliocenicum, Symplocos sp. (28171)
Piacenzian - Zanclean3.6 - 3.6Germany (North Rhine) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos pliocenicum, Symplocos salzhausenensis (28197)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Germany (North Rhine) Symplocos lignitarum, Symplocos salzhausenensis (28198)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Australia (Victoria) Symplocos indet. (172830 172833 172836 172837 172855 172867 172868 172870 172871 172873 172874 172875 172876 172877 172878 172879 172880 172881 172882 172883 172884)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.588 - 0.129Australia (Tasmania) Symplocos sp. (166707)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Australia (Queensland) Symplocos sp. (168822 168888 168889 168890 168891 168892)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Assam) Symplocos sp. (228813 228817 228822)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Uttarakhand) Symplocos sp. (228809)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Himachal Pradesh) Symplocos sp. (228760 228761)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117India (Assam) Symplocos sp. (228759)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0India (Uttarakhand) Symplocos sp. (228773)