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Ginkgophyta
Taxonomy
Ginkgophyta was named by Bessey (1907) [Lapasha and Miller 1985 ranked this as a division.]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Embryophyta by Taylor et al. (2008).
It was assigned to Embryophyta by Taylor et al. (2008).
Subtaxa
Adiantophyllum, Biarmobaiera, Culgoweria, Dicranophyllum, Furcifolium, Ginkganthus, Ginkgoites, Ginkgoopsida, Ginkgophyllum, Ginkgophyton, Ginkgophyton, Ginkgopsis, Glossopteropsis, Glottophyllum, Hildesheimia, Idelopteris, Jeanpaulia, Kirkoria, Phylladodesme, Psygmophyllum, Rhipidopsis, Sidhiphyllites, Staphidiophora, Stephanophyllum, Zonarides
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1907 | Ginkgophyta Bessey p. 332 |
2008 | Ginkgophyta Taylor et al. p. 1027 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Ph. Ginkgophyta Bessey 1907
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G. †Ginkganthus Nathorst 1899
G. †Ginkgoites Seward 1919
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†Ginkgoites crassipes Feistmantel 1877
†Ginkgoites feistmantelii Bose and Sukh-Dev 1959
†Ginkgoites goiraensis Maheshwari and Banerji 1978
†Ginkgoites obovata Nathorst 1919
†Ginkgoites patagonicus Villar de Seoane et al. 2015
†Ginkgoites semirotunda Holmes 1982
†Ginkgoites skottsbergii Lundblad 1971
Cl. Ginkgoopsida Engler 1897
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Or. †Callistophytales
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Unr. †Callistophytaceae
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G. †Callistophyton Delevoryas and Morgan 1954
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†Callistophyton poroxyloides Delevoryas and Morgan 1954
G. †Callospermarion Eggert and Delevoryas 1960
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†Callospermarion pussillum Eggert and Delevoryas 1960
G. †Paragondwanidium Meyen 1967
Invalid names: Cornucarpaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]
Or. †Caytoniales
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Fm. †Caytoniaceae
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G. †Sagenopteris Presl 1838
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†Sagenopteris alaskensis Fontaine 1905
†Sagenopteris bhambhanii Jacob 1938
†Sagenopteris colpodes Harris 1940
†Sagenopteris elliptica Fontaine 1889
†Sagenopteris goeppertiana Zigno 1905
†Sagenopteris grandifolia Fontaine 1905
†Sagenopteris latifolia Fontaine 1889
†Sagenopteris longicaulis Du Toit 1927
†Sagenopteris magnifolia Ward 1900
†Sagenopteris mantelli Dunker 1846
†Sagenopteris mclearni Berry 1929
†Sagenopteris nervosa Fontaine 1905
†Sagenopteris nilssoniana Brongniart 1825
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Invalid names: Sagenopteris rhoifolia Presl 1838 [synonym]
†Sagenopteris oblongifolia Penhallow 1902
†Sagenopteris oregonensis Fontaine 1895
†Sagenopteris paucifolia Phillips 1829
†Sagenopteris stoliczkana Feistmantel 1879
†Sagenopteris variabilis Velenovsky 1885
†Sagenopteris virginiensis Fontaine 1889
†Sagenopteris williamsii Bell 1956
Invalid names: Phyllopteris Brongniart 1849 [synonym]
G. †Pseudosagenopteris Potonie 1900
G. †Vitreisporites Leschik 1955
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†Vitreisporites pallidus Nilsson 1958
†Vitreisporites pustulosus Regali 1987
†Vitreisporites rajmahalensis Sah and Jain 1965
†Vitreisporites signatus Leschik 1956
Or. †Czekanowskiales Pant 1957
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G. †Czekanowskia Heer 1876
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†Czekanowskia capillaris Newberry 1895
†Czekanowskia dichotoma Heer 1868
†Czekanowskia nervosa Heer 1881
†Czekanowskia setacea Heer 1876
G. †Leptostrobus Heer 1876
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†Leptostrobus alatus Ward 1899
†Leptostrobus laxiflora Heer 1876
†Leptostrobus longifolius Berry 1911
†Leptostrobus mariposensis Fontaine 1900
†Leptostrobus multiflorus Fontaine 1889
†Leptostrobus ovalis Ward 1905
G. †Phoenicopsis Heer 1876
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†Phoenicopsis angustifolia Heer 1876
†Phoenicopsis elongatus Morris 1845
†Phoenicopsis speciosa Heer 1876
†Phoenicopteris croizeti Lapparent 1883
G. †Solenites Lindley and Hutton 1834
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†Solenites baishanensis Li et al. 2015
†Solenites gracilis Li et al. 2015
†Solenites murrayana Lindley and Hutton 1834
G. †Sphenarion Harris
Or. Ephedrales Dumortier 1829
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Fm. Ephedraceae Dumortier 1829 [jointfir]
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G. †Ephedrites Göppert and Berendt 1845
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†Ephedrites johnianus Goeppert and Berendt 1845
†Ephedrites vernonensis Fontaine 1905
G. †Ephedripites Bolkhovitina and Potonié 1958
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Subg. †Ephedripites (Distachyapites) Krutzsch 1961
†Ephedripites ambiguus Hedlund 1966
†Ephedripites barghoornii Morgan 1978
†Ephedripites caichiguensis Narváez and Sabino 2008
†Ephedripites costaliferous Brenner 1968
†Ephedripites dentatus Kar 1968
†Ephedripites dudarensis Deak 1962
†Ephedripites ellipticus Kar 1968
†Ephedripites fissuratus Phillips 1971
†Ephedripites irregularis Herngreen 1973
†Ephedripites jansonii Muller 1968
†Ephedripites macistriatus Dolby 1976
†Ephedripites montanaensis Brenner 1968
†Ephedripites multicostatus Brenner 1963
†Ephedripites notensis Cookson 1957
†Ephedripites ovalis Müller 1968
†Ephedripites patapscoensis Brenner 1963
†Ephedripites pentacostatus Brenner 1968
†Ephedripites regularis van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
†Ephedripites strigatus Brenner 1968
†Ephedripites translucidus Deák and Combaz 1967
†Ephedripites vanegensis Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
†Ephedripites virginiaensis Brenner 1963
†Ephedripites zaklinskaiae Azéma and Boltenhagen 1974
G. †Equisetosporites Daugherty 1941
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†Equisetosporites albertensis Singh 1964
†Equisetosporites ambiguous Singh 1983
†Equisetosporites ambiguus Hedlund 1966
†Equisetosporites caichiguensis Volkheimer and Quattrocchio 1975
†Equisetosporites cancellatus Paden et al. 1971
†Equisetosporites certus Schrank 2010
†Equisetosporites chinleana Pocock 1964
†Equisetosporites claricristatus Barreda 1997
†Equisetosporites concinnus Singh 1964
†Equisetosporites costaliferous Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites dudarensis de Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites elegans de Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites elongatus Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites evidens Bolkhovitina 1980
†Equisetosporites fragilis Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites huguesii Pocock 1962
†Equisetosporites irregularis Herngreen 1973
†Equisetosporites lanceolatus de Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites laticostatus de Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites lawalii Schrank and Mahmoud 2000
†Equisetosporites leptomatus de Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites luridus de Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites lusaticus Barreda 1997
†Equisetosporites maculosus Dino 1994
†Equisetosporites minuticostatus Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites multicostatus Norris 1967
†Equisetosporites notensis Romero 1977
†Equisetosporites ovatus Singh 1964
†Equisetosporites procerus Brenner 1968
†Equisetosporites strigatus Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites subcircularis Lima 1980
†Equisetosporites tortuosus Madler 1964
†Equisetosporites virginiaensis Allen 1977
G. †Regalipollenites de Lima 1980 [elaterate]
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†Regalipollenites amphoriformis de Lima 1980 [elaterate]
Or. Ginkgoales Goroschankin 1904
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G. †Baieroxylon Greguss 1961
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†Baieroxylon cicatricum Prasad and Lele 1984
†Baieroxylon graminovillae Zimmerman 1953
†Baieroxylon implexum Zimmermann 1953
†Baieroxylon multiseriale Prasad 1982
†Baieroxylon rocablanquense Gnaedinger 2012
Fm. †Ginkgoaceae Engler
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G. †Baiera Braun 1843
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†Baiera africana Baldoni 1980
†Baiera baishanensis Zhao et al. 2016
†Baiera cuyana Frenguelli 1942
†Baiera digitata Brongniart 1828
†Baiera foliosa Fontaine 1889
†Baiera gracilis Bean 1843
†Baiera grandis Hollick 1906
†Baiera incurvata Heer 1882
†Baiera indica Lele 1962
†Baiera longifolia Pomel 1847
†Baiera mansfeldensis Bauer et al. 2013
†Baiera muensteriana Presl 1838
†Baiera rollerii Frenguelli 1946
G. Ginkgo Linnaeus 1771 [ginkgo]
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†Ginkgo acetaria Ward 1905
†Ginkgo adiantoides Unger 1845
†Ginkgo baynesiana Dawson 1882
†Ginkgo digitata Brongniart 1830
†Ginkgo huttoni Sternberg 1833
†Ginkgo laramiensis Ward 1885
†Ginkgo lepida Heer 1885
†Ginkgo lobata Feistmantel 1877
†Ginkgo nana Dawson 1885
†Ginkgo patagonica Berry 1935
†Ginkgo pluripartita Heer 1876
†Ginkgo pusilla Heer 1876
†Ginkgo rajmahalensis Sah and Jain 1965
†Ginkgo wyomingensis Manum 1966
Invalid names: Salisburia Ettinghausen and Gardner 1879 [synonym]
G. †Stachyopitys Schenk 1867
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†Stachyopitys anthoides Frenguelli 1944
†Stachyopitys preslii Schenk 1867
G. †Ginkgoxylon Saporta 1884
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†Ginkgoxylon asiaemediae Khudaiberdyev 1962
†Ginkgoxylon dixitii Biradar and Mahabale 1978
Fm. †Pseudotorelliaceae
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G. †Sphenobaiera Florin 1936
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†Sphenobaiera africana Baldoni 1980
†Sphenobaiera chilensis Florin 1940
†Sphenobaiera granulifer Sixtel 1962
†Sphenobaiera janarensis Pal 1984
†Sphenobaiera pontifolia Anderson and Anderson 1989
†Sphenobaiera spectabilis Nathorst 1936
†Sphenobaiera tenuifolia Johnston 1887
†Sphenobaiera ugotheriensis Holmes 1982
Fm. †Toretziaceae Stanislavsky 1973
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Invalid names: Schmeissneriaceae [empty], Umaltolepidiaceae [empty]
Or. †Karkeniales Doweld 2001
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Fm. †Karkeniaceae Krassilov 1972
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G. †Karkenia Archangelsky 1965
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†Karkenia fecunda Retallack 1981
†Karkenia incurva Archangelsky 1965
G. †Kiritchkovia Doweld 2013
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†Kiritchkovia aksarinii Doweld 2013
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Invalid names: Sibiriella aksarinii Kiritchkova and Kostina 2005 [replaced]
†Kiritchkovia koltogorica Doweld 2013
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Invalid names: Sibiriella koltogorica Kiritchkova and Kostina 2005 [replaced]
Invalid names: Sibiriella Kiritchkova and Kostina 2005 [replaced]
G. †Linguifolium Arber 1913
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†Linguifolium arctum Menendez 1951
†Linguifolium curvatum Bose and Banerji 1984
†Linguifolium lilleanum Arber 1913
†Linguifolium steinmannii Solms-Laubach 1899
Or. †Pentoxylales
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G. †Carnoconites Srivastava 1944
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†Carnoconites compactum Srivastava 1944
†Carnoconites rajmahalensis Wieland 1911
Invalid names: Pentoxylaceae [empty]
G. †Ginkgophyllum Saporta 1875
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†Ginkgophyllum grasseti Saporta 1875
†Ginkgophyllum haydenii Seward 1912
†Ginkgophyllum sahnii Ganju 1943
G. †Ginkgophyton Zalessky 1918
G. †Psygmophyllum Schimper 1870
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†Psygmophyllum flabellatum Lindley and Hutton 1832
†Psygmophyllum hollandii Seward 1907
G. †Rhipidopsis Schmalhausen 1879
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†Rhipidopsis densinervis Feistmantel 1881
†Rhipidopsis gondwanensis Seward 1919
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Invalid names: Rhipidopsis ginkgoides Schmalhausen 1879 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Frasnian to the top of the Holocene or 382.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 382.4 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 382.4 Ma
Collections (2200 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Early/Lower Frasnian | USA (New York) | Calamopitys eupuncatata (23188) | |
Frasnian | USA (New York) | Ginkgophyton sp. (14268) | |
Famennian | USA (Kentucky) | Calamopitys americana, Calamopitys foerstei, Stenomyelon muratum, Kalymma lirata, Kalymma resinosa, Kalymma auriculata, Calamopteris hippocrepis, Diichnia kentuckiensis, Kalymma grandis (21168) Calamopitys americana, Calamopitys foerstei, Stenomyelon muratum, Kalymma lirata, Kalymma resinosa, Kalymma hippocrepis (21178) Calamopitys americana, Calamopteris hippocrepis, Diichnia kentuckiensis (21177) Calamopitys americana, Stenomyelon muratum, Kalymma lirata, Kalymma resinosa, Kalymma auriculata, Calamopteris hippocrepis, Diichnia kentuckiensis, Kalymma grandis (20976) Kalymma lirata (21031 21032 21036) Kalymma lirata, Kalymma grandis (21028) Kalymma minuta (21205) | |
Famennian | USA (Indiana) | Kalymma lirata (21033) | |
Hastarian - Ivorian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Endoxylon zonatum (10644) | |
Hastarian - Asbian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Calamopitys radiata (10645) | |
Tournaisian | United Kingdom (England) | Kalymma sp. (21312) | |
Tournaisian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Deltasperma fouldenense (34491 36227) Deltasperma fouldenense, Eosperma oxroadense (10673 10674 36224 36236 36239 36275 36276 36278) Eosperma edromense, Stenomyelon heterangioides, Stenomyelon tuedianum (23877) Eosperma edromense, Stenomyelon primaevum, Stenomyelon heterangoides, Kalymma tuediana, Lyrasperma scotica (10657) Eosperma oxroadense (10671 10677) Kalymma tuediana, Stenomyelon tuedianum (21324) Stenomyelon heterangioides, Deltasperma fouldenense, Stenomyelon tuedianum (23829) Stenomyelon heterangioides, Stenomyelon tuedianum (23830 23880 23881) Stenomyelon primaevum (23832 23878 23882 23883 23884) | |
Tournaisian | Germany (Thuringia) | Calamopitys annularis, Calamopitys solmsii, Kalymma sp., Calamopitys saturni (21366) | |
Tournaisian | France | Stenomyelon bifasciculare (23824 23826) | |
Tournaisian | France (SC Massif Central) | Calamopitys sp., Calamopitys embergeri (21362) | |
Tournaisian - Visean | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Lyrasperma scotica (34509) Stenomyelon sp., Lyrasperma scotica (10652) Stenomyelon tripartium, Kalymma tuediana, Lyrasperma scotica (10656) | |
Mississippian | France (Montagne Noire) | Calamopitys blayacii, Calamopitys embergeri, Calamopitys sp., Stenomyelon sp., Kalymma coumiacensis, Kalymma sp. (10663) | |
Mississippian | Canada (New Brunswick) | Dicranophyllum glabrum (12421) | |
Mississippian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Eosperma oxroadense (10678) Eosperma oxroadense, Stenomyelon tuedianum (10648) Stenomyelon heterangoides, Lyrasperma scotica (10655) | |
Mississippian | USA (Illinois) | Eremopteris sp. (13511) | |
Carboniferous - Desmoinesian | USA (Missouri) | Eremopteris bilobata (11196) | |
Carboniferous | Spain (Pumardongo) | Dicksonites potieri (28380) | |
Carboniferous | Spain | Dicksonites sp. (11185 11186) | |
Carboniferous | USA (Alabama) | Eremopteris rhodea (31028) Eremopteris rhodea type (28992) Eremopteris rhodea type, Eremopteris sp. (28984 28989 28991) Eremopteris rhodeatype, Eremopteris rhodea type (28988) Eremopteris sp. (28985 28987 31032) |