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Hypacrosaurus

Reptilia - Hadrosauridae

Taxonomy
Hypacrosaurus was named by Brown (1913).

It was assigned to Saurolophinae by Brown (1914) and Lambe (1918); to Stephanosaurinae by Lambe (1920); to Trachodontidae by Brown (1913), Brown (1914), Gilmore (1917), Huene (1927) and Parks (1935); to Lambeosauridae by Horner and Currie (1994); to Hadrosauridae by Lambe (1917), Russell (1930), Romer (1956), Parsch (1963), Kuhn (1964), Romer (1966), Swinton (1970), Haubold (1971), Thulborn (1974), Russell (1984), Eberth (1997), Currie (2000) and Eberth et al. (2001); to Lambeosaurini by Sullivan et al. (2011) and Prieto-Marquez et al. (2013); to Corythosaurini by Evans et al. (2007), Evans and Reisz (2007), Godefroit et al. (2008), Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2009), Cruzado-Caballero et al. (2010), Godefroit et al. (2012), Cruzado-Caballero et al. (2013) and Bolotsky et al. (2014); and to Lambeosaurinae by Gilmore (1924), Nopcsa (1928), Hay (1930), Gilmore (1933), Parks (1935), Nagao (1936), Riabinin (1939), Wilfarth (1940), Lull and Wright (1942), Sternberg (1953), Sternberg (1954), Langston (1960), Tatarinov (1964), Russell and Chamney (1967), Rozhdestvensky (1968), Hopson (1975), Brett-Surman (1979), Weishampel and Weishampel (1983), Brinkmann (1984), Maryanska and Osmólska (1984), Powell (1987), Weishampel and Horner (1990), Chapman and Brett-Surman (1990), Forster and Sereno (1994), Vickaryous and Ryan (1997), Dodson (1997), Godefroit et al. (1998), Godefroit et al. (2003), Horner et al. (2004), Godefroit et al. (2004), Lund and Gates (2006), Prieto-Márquez et al. (2006), Mo et al. (2007), Guenther (2009), Evans et al. (2009), Prieto-Márquez (2010), Evans (2010), Prieto-Márquez (2010), Prieto-Marquez and Salinas (2010), Prieto-Márquez and Wagner (2010), Reisz et al. (2010), Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2012), Bailleul et al. (2013), Brink et al. (2014), Lehman et al. (2016), Cruzado-Caballero and Powell (2017) and Takasaki et al. (2019).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1913Hypacrosaurus Brown
1914Hypacrosaurus Brown p. 377
1917Hypacrosaurus Gilmore p. 38
1917Cheneosaurus Lambe p. 65
1917Hypacrosaurus Lambe pp. 66-67
1917Cheneosaurus Lambe pp. 117-118
1918Cheneosaurus Lambe p. 138
1918Hypacrosaurus Lambe p. 138
1920Cheneosaurus Lambe pp. 67-68
1920Hypacrosaurus Lambe pp. 67-68
1923Cheneosaurus Parks p. 8
1924Cheneosaurus Abel p. 714
1924Cheneosaurus Gilmore p. 34
1924Hypacrosaurus Gilmore p. 34
1927Cheneosaurus Huene p. 260
1927Hypacrosaurus Huene p. 260
1928Cheneosaurus Nopcsa p. 185
1928Hypacrosaurus Nopcsa p. 185
1930Cheneosaurus Hay p. 217
1930Hypacrosaurus Hay p. 217
1930Hypacrosaurus Russell p. 146
1930Cheneosaurus Russell p. 151
1933Cheneosaurus Gilmore p. 62
1933Hypacrosaurus Gilmore p. 62
1935Hypacrosaurus Parks p. 21
1936Cheneosaurus Nagao p. 213
1936Hypacrosaurus Nagao p. 213
1936Cheneosaurus Sternberg p. 654
1939Cheneosaurus Riabinin p. 12
1939Hypacrosaurus Riabinin p. 15
1940Cheneosaurus Wilfarth p. 12
1940Hypacrosaurus Wilfarth p. 13
1942Cheneosaurus Lull and Wright p. 133
1942Hypacrosaurus Lull and Wright p. 133
1953Cheneosaurus Sternberg p. 11
1953Hypacrosaurus Sternberg p. 11
1953Cheneosaurus Sternberg p. 1478
1954Cheneosaurus Sternberg p. 383
1954Hypacrosaurus Sternberg p. 383
1956Cheneosaurus Romer p. 630
1956Hypacrosaurus Romer p. 630
1960Hypacrosaurus Langston p. 336
1960Cheneosaurus Langston p. 349
1963Cheneosaurus Parsch p. 8
1963Hypacrosaurus Parsch p. 8
1964Cheneosaurus Kuhn p. 15
1964Hypacrosaurus Kuhn p. 20
1964Cheneosaurus Tatarinov p. 567
1964Hypacrosaurus Tatarinov p. 568
1966Cheneosaurus Kuhn p. 103
1966Cheneosaurus Romer p. 370
1966Hypacrosaurus Romer p. 370
1967Cheneosaurus Russell and Chamney p. 12
1967Hypacrosaurus Russell and Chamney p. 12
1968Cheneosaurus Rozhdestvensky
1968Hypacrosaurus Rozhdestvensky
1970Cheneosaurus Swinton p. 226
1970Hypacrosaurus Swinton p. 226
1971Hypacrosaurus Haubold p. 89
1974Cheneosaurus Thulborn p. 173
1974Hypacrosaurus Thulborn p. 173
1975Hypacrosaurus Hopson p. 27 fig. 3
1979Hypacrosaurus Brett-Surman p. 561 fig. 1
1983Hypacrosaurus Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1984Hypacrosaurus Brinkmann p. 302 fig. 4
1984Hypacrosaurus Maryanska and Osmólska p. 131
1984Hypacrosaurus Russell p. 26
1987Hypacrosaurus Powell p. 150
1988Cheneosaurus Carroll
1990Hypacrosaurus Chapman and Brett-Surman p. 177
1990Hypacrosaurus Weishampel and Horner p. 557
1994Hypacrosaurus Forster and Sereno p. 25A
1994Hypacrosaurus Horner and Currie p. 333
1997Hypacrosaurus Dodson p. 12
1997Hypacrosaurus Eberth p. 201
1997Hypacrosaurus Vickaryous and Ryan p. 490
1998Hypacrosaurus Godefroit et al. p. 51
2000Hypacrosaurus Currie p. 277
2001Hypacrosaurus Eberth et al. p. 57
2003Hypacrosaurus Godefroit et al. p. 149
2004Hypacrosaurus Godefroit et al. p. 148 fig. 6
2004Hypacrosaurus Horner et al. p. 441
2006Hypacrosaurus Lund and Gates p. 265
2006Hypacrosaurus Prieto-Márquez et al. p. 938
2007Hypacrosaurus Evans and Reisz pp. 386-387 fig. 9
2007Hypacrosaurus Mo et al. p. 553 fig. 2
2008Hypacrosaurus Godefroit et al. p. 67 fig. 18
2009Hypacrosaurus Evans et al. p. 1316
2009Hypacrosaurus Guenther p. 1428
2009Hypacrosaurus Pereda-Suberbiola et al. p. 568 fig. 6
2010Hypacrosaurus Cruzado-Caballero et al. p. 1510 fig. 4
2010Hypacrosaurus Evans p. 405
2010Hypacrosaurus Prieto-Marquez and Salinas p. 835 fig. 20
2010Hypacrosaurus Prieto-Márquez p. 5 fig. 2
2010Hypacrosaurus Prieto-Márquez and Wagner p. 1243 fig. 3
2010Hypacrosaurus Reisz et al. p. 1664
2011Hypacrosaurus Sullivan et al. p. 405
2012Hypacrosaurus Godefroit et al. p. 551
2012Hypacrosaurus Ramírez-Velasco et al. p. 392
2013Hypacrosaurus Bailleul et al. p. 1
2013Hypacrosaurus Cruzado-Caballero et al.
2013Hypacrosaurus Prieto-Marquez et al.
2014Hypacrosaurus Bolotsky et al. p. 329
2014Hypacrosaurus Brink et al. p. 248
2016Hypacrosaurus Lehman et al. p. 353
2017Hypacrosaurus Cruzado-Caballero and Powell p. 12 fig. 13
2019Hypacrosaurus Takasaki et al. p. 4

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
RankNameAuthor
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Ornithischia()
—Genasauria
—Cerapoda
—Ornithopoda()
—Clypeodonta
—Iguanodontia()
—Dryomorpha
—Styracosterna
—Hadrosauriformes
—Hadrosauroidea()
familyHadrosauridae
subfamilyLambeosaurinae
tribeCorythosauriniGlut 1997
genusHypacrosaurus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Hypacrosaurus Brown 1913
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Invalid names: Cheneosaurus tolmanensis Lambe 1917 [synonym]
†Hypacrosaurus stebingeri Horner and Currie 1994
Invalid names: Cheneosaurus Lambe 1917 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. C. Evans 2010Lambeosaurine hadrosaurid that has the following autapomorphy: elongate neural spines in the cranial region of the dorsal vertebral column (dorsal vertebrae 6–10) that are greater than five times taller than their respective centra, as pointed out by Lull & Wright (1942): ‘dorsals unique in reduction of centra and in great development of the spinous processes which are high and massive, five to seven times the height of their respective centra’. Hypacrosaurus altispinus shares with H. stebingeri elongation and enlargement of the dorsal vertebra neural spines in the shoulder region.
K. S. Brink et al. 2014Lambeosaurine hadrosaurid that has the following autapomorphies: (1) elongate neural spines in the cranial region of the dorsal vertebral column (dorsal vertebrae 6–10) that are greater than five times taller than their respective centra, and (2) complete closure of the premaxilla-nasal fontanelle (PNF in adult individuals. Hypacrosaurus altispinus shares with H. stebingeri elongation and enlargement of the dorsal vertebra neural spines in the shoulder region and complete closure of the premaxilla-nasal fontanelle in adults (all individuals with skull lengths ≥ 85% of the length of the largest known skull of that species). Complete closure of the PNF may also occur convergently in Parasaurolophus.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Maximum body mass: 3000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 1000 kgg
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: gregariouso
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: herbivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2005-08-25 05:53:01
Modified: 2005-08-25 07:53:01
Source: g = genus, subo = suborder, o = order
References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875, Benton 1983

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Campanian to the top of the Early/Lower Maastrichtian or 83.50000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (33 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Canada (Alberta) H. stebingeri (53051)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (Montana) H. sp. (22689 142498) H. stebingeri (53042 53043 53044 53045 53046 53047 53048 53052 59373 220335) Lambeosaurinae indet. (53996) Lambeosaurus sp. (22690) Procheneosaurus erectofrons (70051)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) H. sp. (49233)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Alberta) H. stebingeri (53049 53050)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Dinosauria indet. (60875) H. altispinus (64436)
Late/Upper Campanian - Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) H. altispinus (64433 64434)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) H. altispinus (45677 45678)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Cheneosaurus tolmanensis (49079) Hadrosauridae indet. (55363) H. altispinus (64432 135739 135740 135741 135743) Saurolophus osborni (11899)