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Brontosaurus excelsus
Taxonomy
Brontosaurus excelsus was named by Marsh (1879). Its type specimen is YPM 1980, a partial skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Quarry 10, Como Bluff (YPM), which is in a Kimmeridgian/Tithonian wet floodplain claystone in the Morrison Formation of Wyoming.
It was recombined as Camarasaurus excelsus by Huene (1927); it was recombined as Atlantosaurus excelsus by Steel (1970); it was recombined as Apatosaurus excelsus by Riggs (1903), von Zittel (1911), Gilmore (1936), Janensch (1937), Tatarinov (1964), Bonaparte (1978), Jain et al. (1979), McIntosh (1981), Forster and Spamer (1986), McIntosh (1990), McIntosh (1990), Goodknight et al. (1991), Mcintosh et al. (1992), Filla and Redman (1994), Carpenter and McIntosh (1994), Blows (1995), McIntosh (1995), Bakker (1996), Salgado (1999), Bonaparte (1999), Wedel et al. (2000), Upchurch et al. (2004), Upchurch et al. (2004), Apesteguía (2005), Apesteguía (2005), Mateus (2006), Chure et al. (2006), Salgado et al. (2006), Harris (2006), Schwarz et al. (2007), Breithaupt (2013), Foster and Peterson (2016) and Apesteguía et al. (2021).
It was recombined as Camarasaurus excelsus by Huene (1927); it was recombined as Atlantosaurus excelsus by Steel (1970); it was recombined as Apatosaurus excelsus by Riggs (1903), von Zittel (1911), Gilmore (1936), Janensch (1937), Tatarinov (1964), Bonaparte (1978), Jain et al. (1979), McIntosh (1981), Forster and Spamer (1986), McIntosh (1990), McIntosh (1990), Goodknight et al. (1991), Mcintosh et al. (1992), Filla and Redman (1994), Carpenter and McIntosh (1994), Blows (1995), McIntosh (1995), Bakker (1996), Salgado (1999), Bonaparte (1999), Wedel et al. (2000), Upchurch et al. (2004), Upchurch et al. (2004), Apesteguía (2005), Apesteguía (2005), Mateus (2006), Chure et al. (2006), Salgado et al. (2006), Harris (2006), Schwarz et al. (2007), Breithaupt (2013), Foster and Peterson (2016) and Apesteguía et al. (2021).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1879 | Brontosaurus excelsus Marsh |
| 1880 | Brontosaurus excelsus Sauvage p. 523 |
| 1881 | Brontosaurus amplus Marsh p. 421 |
| 1884 | Brontosaurus excelsus Vetter p. 350 |
| 1885 | Brontosaurus excelsus Woodward p. 12 |
| 1890 | Brontosaurus excelsus Gaudry p. 213 |
| 1890 | Brontosaurus amplus Zittel p. 707 |
| 1890 | Brontosaurus excelsus Zittel p. 707 |
| 1891 | Brontosaurus excelsus Boule p. 13 |
| 1893 | Brontosaurus excelsus Marsh p. 437 |
| 1893 | Brontosaurus excelsus Winkler p. 103 |
| 1896 | Brontosaurus excelsus Gaudry p. 213 |
| 1896 | Brontosaurus excelsus Marsh p. 168 |
| 1896 | Brontosaurus amplus Marsh p. 173 figs. 17-20 |
| 1897 | Brontosaurus excelsus Marsh p. 492 |
| 1898 | Brontosaurus excelsus Woodward p. 201 |
| 1899 | Brontosaurus excelsus Knight p. 13 |
| 1900 | Brontosaurus excelsus Knight p. 384 |
| 1901 | Brontosaurus excelsus Gadow p. 418 |
| 1901 | Brontosaurus amplus Nopcsa p. 204 |
| 1901 | Brontosaurus excelsus Nopcsa p. 204 |
| 1901 | Brontosaurus excelsus Riggs p. 549 |
| 1902 | Brontosaurus amplus Hay p. 485 |
| 1902 | Brontosaurus excelsus Hay p. 485 |
| 1902 | Brontosaurus excelsus Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxvi |
| 1903 | Apatosaurus amplus Riggs |
| 1903 | Apatosaurus excelsus Riggs |
| 1904 | Brontosaurus excelsus Osborn p. 685 |
| 1905 | Brontosaurus excelsus Anonymous p. 42 |
| 1908 | Brontosaurus excelsus Fraas p. 144 |
| 1911 | Apatosaurus excelsus von Zittel p. 286 |
| 1915 | Brontosaurus excelsus Osborn p. 136 |
| 1916 | Brontosaurus amplus Mook p. 138 |
| 1916 | Brontosaurus excelsus Mook p. 138 |
| 1917 | Brontosaurus excelsus Mook p. 357 |
| 1917 | Brontosaurus amplus Mook p. 358 |
| 1926 | Brontosaurus excelsus Lull p. 459 |
| 1927 | Camarasaurus excelsus Huene p. 124 |
| 1928 | Brontosaurus excelsus Perrier p. 3086 |
| 1930 | Brontosaurus amplus Hay p. 196 |
| 1930 | Brontosaurus excelsus Hay p. 196 |
| 1931 | Brontosaurus excelsus Anonymous p. 382 |
| 1934 | Brontosaurus excelsus Swinton p. 36 |
| 1936 | Apatosaurus excelsus Gilmore p. 245 |
| 1937 | Brontosaurus excelsus Anonymous p. 33 |
| 1937 | Apatosaurus excelsus Janensch p. 283 |
| 1943 | Brontosaurus excelsus Stovall p. 70 |
| 1964 | Apatosaurus excelsus Tatarinov p. 548 fig. 588 |
| 1970 | Atlantosaurus amplus Steel p. 79 |
| 1970 | Atlantosaurus excelsus Steel p. 79 |
| 1978 | Apatosaurus excelsus Bonaparte p. 427 fig. 202 |
| 1979 | Apatosaurus excelsus Jain et al. p. 206 |
| 1981 | Apatosaurus excelsus McIntosh p. 23 |
| 1986 | Apatosaurus excelsus Forster and Spamer p. 192 |
| 1990 | Brontosaurus excelsus Breithaupt p. 8 |
| 1990 | Apatosaurus excelsus McIntosh p. 63 |
| 1991 | Apatosaurus excelsus Goodknight et al. p. 75 |
| 1992 | Apatosaurus excelsus Mcintosh et al. p. 164 |
| 1994 | Apatosaurus excelsus Carpenter and McIntosh p. 271 |
| 1994 | Apatosaurus excelsus Filla and Redman p. 161 |
| 1995 | Apatosaurus excelsus Blows p. 188 |
| 1995 | Apatosaurus excelsus McIntosh p. 122 |
| 1996 | Apatosaurus excelsus Bakker p. 44 |
| 1997 | Brontosaurus excelsus Turner p. 788 |
| 1999 | Apatosaurus excelsus Bonaparte p. 144 |
| 1999 | Apatosaurus excelsus Salgado p. 214 |
| 2000 | Apatosaurus excelsus Wedel et al. p. 368 |
| 2004 | Apatosaurus excelsus Upchurch et al. p. 264 |
| 2004 | Apatosaurus excelsus Upchurch et al. |
| 2005 | Apatosaurus excelsus Apesteguía p. 250 |
| 2006 | Apatosaurus excelsus Chure et al. p. 236 |
| 2006 | Apatosaurus excelsus Harris p. 1104 |
| 2006 | Apatosaurus excelsius Herne and Lucas p. 141 |
| 2006 | Apatosaurus excelsus Mateus p. 231 |
| 2006 | Apatosaurus excelsus Salgado et al. p. 71 fig. 1 |
| 2007 | Apatosaurus excelsus Schwarz et al. p. 245 |
| 2013 | Apatosaurus excelsus Breithaupt p. 48 |
| 2015 | Brontosaurus excelsus Tschopp et al. |
| 2016 | Apatosaurus excelsus Foster and Peterson p. 435 |
| 2019 | Brontosaurus excelsus Mocho et al. p. 6 |
| 2019 | Brontosaurus excelsus Tschopp et al. p. 29 |
| 2021 | Apatosaurus excelsus Apesteguía et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Brontosaurus excelsus Marsh 1879
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Invalid names: Brontosaurus amplus Marsh 1881 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available