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Allosaurus

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Allosaurus was named by Marsh (1877). Its type is Allosaurus fragilis. It is the type genus of Allosaurinae.

It was synonymized subjectively with Antrodemus by Gilmore (1920), Piveteau (1923), Huene (1926), Hay (1930), Stromer (1931), Kuhn (1939), Untermann and Untermann (1954), Romer (1956), Tatarinov (1964), Maleev (1968), Steel (1970), Swinton (1970) and Buscalioni and Sanz (1984).

It was assigned to Dinosauria by Marsh (1877); to Ornithoscelida by Williston (1878); to Theropoda by Quenstedt (1882); to Dryptosauridae by Marsh (1895) and Marsh (1896); to Megalosauridae by Nopcsa (1901); to Theropoda by Gadow (1898) and Gadow (1901); to Megalosauria by Lull (1904); to Theropoda by Gadow (1897) and Joleaud (1922); to Megalosauridae by Sauvage (1882), Marsh (1882), Vetter (1884), Dollo (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Zittel (1890), Mansel-Pleydell (1902), Hay (1902), Williston (1905), Huene (1909), Lull (1911), von Zittel (1911), Lull (1911), Tornier (1913), Janensch (1920), Matthew and Brown (1922), Lull (1924), Romer (1966), Welles (1972), Madsen and Miller (1979), Lisak (1980), McIntosh (1981), Santafé et al. (1982) and Welles (1984); to Allosaurinae by Paul (1988) and Paul (1988); to Carnosauria by Novas (1992); to Tetanurae by Pérez-Moreno et al. (1994); to Carnosauria by Gauthier (1986), Russell and Dong (1994) and Currie (1997); to Neotetanurae by Carrano et al. (2002); to Allosauroidea by Sereno et al. (1996), Sereno (1997), Rauhut (2003), Yates (2005), Brusatte and Sereno (2007) and Canale et al. (2013); and to Allosauridae by Marsh (1879), Stromer (1934), Colbert and Russell (1969), Madsen (1976), Galton (1977), Molnar et al. (1981), Thulborn (1984), Russell (1984), Carroll (1988), Kurzanov (1989), Molnar et al. (1990), Bonaparte et al. (1990), Miller et al. (1991), Bonaparte (1991), Molnar (1992), Sereno et al. (1994), Holtz (1994), Osmólska (1996), Hutt et al. (1996), Hutchinson and Padian (1997), Dodson (1997), Padian and Hutchinson (1997), Sereno (1998), Smith (1998), Knoll et al. (1999), Holtz (2000), Currie and Carpenter (2000), Holtz et al. (2004), Chure et al. (2006), Mateus et al. (2006), Coria and Currie (2006), Smith (2007), Malafaia et al. (2007), Smith et al. (2008), Mateus and Milàn (2010), Bell (2010), Carrano et al. (2012), Dalman (2014), Cobos et al. (2014), Hendrickx and Mateus (2014) and Chure and Loewen (2020).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1873Antrodemus Leidy
1877Allosaurus Marsh
1877Apatodon Marsh
1877Allosaurus Marsh pp. 515-516
1878Epanterias Cope p. 406
1878Creosaurus Marsh p. 243 fig. 1
1878Allosaurus Williston p. 45
1878Creosaurus Williston p. 45
1879Labrosaurus Marsh
1879Allosaurus Marsh p. 90
1879Creosaurus Marsh p. 90
1879Labrosaurus Marsh p. 91
1882Allosaurus Marsh
1882Creosaurus Marsh
1882Labrosaurus Marsh
1882Allosaurus Quenstedt p. 189
1882Creosaurus Quenstedt p. 189
1882Labrosaurus Quenstedt p. 189
1882Allosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1882Creosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1882Labrosaurus Sauvage p. 36
1884Allosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884Creosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884Labrosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884Allosaurus Marsh p. 69
1884Labrosaurus Marsh p. 69
1884Allosaurus Marsh p. 337
1884Creosaurus Marsh p. 337
1884Labrosaurus Marsh p. 337
1884Allosaurus Vetter p. 363
1884Creosaurus Vetter p. 363
1884Labrosaurus Vetter p. 363
1885Allosaurus Marsh p. 764
1885Creosaurus Marsh p. 764
1885Labrosaurus Marsh p. 764
1887Creosaurus Cope p. 221
1890Epanterias Zittel p. 709
1890Allosaurus Zittel p. 725
1890Creosaurus Zittel p. 725
1890Labrosaurus Zittel p. 727
1895Allosaurus Marsh
1895Creosaurus Marsh
1895Labrosaurus Marsh
1896Allosaurus Marsh p. 239
1896Creosaurus Marsh p. 239
1896Labrosaurus Marsh p. 239
1897Allosaurus Gadow p. 204
1898Allosaurus Gadow p. 22
1901Allosaurus Gadow p. 422
1901Creosaurus Nopcsa p. 197
1901Allosaurus Nopcsa p. 198
1901Labrosaurus Nopcsa p. 201
1901Epanterias Nopcsa p. 205
1902Epanterias Hay p. 483
1902Allosaurus Hay p. 489
1902Antrodemus Hay p. 489
1902Creosaurus Hay p. 489
1902Apatodon Hay p. 506
1902Allosaurus Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxviii
1904Allosaurus Lull p. 471
1905Allosaurus Williston p. 345
1905Creosaurus Williston p. 345
1908Epanterias Huene p. 348
1909Allosaurus Huene p. 15
1909Antrodemus Huene p. 15
1909Creosaurus Huene p. 15
1909Epanterias Huene p. 15
1909Labrosaurus Huene p. 15
1909Apatodon Huene p. 18
1911Allosaurus Lull p. 177
1911Creosaurus Lull p. 177
1911Allosaurus Lull p. 183
1911Creosaurus Lull p. 186
1911Labrosaurus von Zittel p. 280
1911Allosaurus von Zittel p. 282
1911Antrodemus von Zittel p. 282
1911Creosaurus von Zittel p. 282
1911Epanterias von Zittel p. 288
1911Apatodon von Zittel p. 295
1913Allosaurus Tornier p. 368
1916Antrodesmus Mook p. 141
1919Epanterias Osborn and Mook pp. 383, 385
1920Antrodemus Gilmore pp. 1-5
1920Labrosaurus Gilmore p. 124
1920Allosaurus Janensch p. 230
1922Allosaurus Joleaud p. 60
1922Allosaurus Matthew and Brown p. 368
1923Antrodemus Huene p. 450 fig. 3
1923Antrodemus Piveteau p. 6
1924Allosaurus Lull p. 229
1926Antrodemus Huene pp. 89-90
1928Antrodemus Nopcsa p. 183
1928Labrosaurus Nopcsa p. 184
1930Antrodemus Hay p. 173
1930Creosaurus Hay p. 174
1930Labrosaurus Hay p. 184
1930Epanterias Hay p. 192
1930Apatodon Hay p. 201
1934Labrosaurus Stromer p. 23
1934Allosaurus Stromer p. 80
1939Labrosaurus Kuhn p. 42
1939Antrodemus Kuhn p. 71
1939Creosaurus Kuhn p. 73
1941Saurophagus Ray
1956Antrodemus Romer p. 615
1956Epanterias Romer p. 624
1958Labrosaurus Huene p. 205
1964Antrodemus Tatarinov p. 537
1964Epanterias Tatarinov p. 549
1964Antrodemus Walker p. 128
1966Allosaurus Romer p. 369
1966Epantherias Romer p. 370
1969Allosaurus Colbert and Russell p. 36
1970Antrodemus Steel p. 29
1970Epanterias Steel p. 44
1970Apatodon Steel p. 75
1970Antrodemus Swinton p. 151
1972Allosaurus Welles p. 3
1972Antrodemus Welles p. 3
1975Antrodemus Paton p. 17
1976Allosaurus Madsen pp. 48-50
1977Allosaurus Galton p. 230
1978Antrodemus Bonaparte p. 323
1978Antrodemus Dong et al.
1979Allosaurus Madsen and Miller p. 5
1980Allosaurus Lisak p. 20
1981Allosaurus McIntosh p. 7
1981Allosaurus Molnar et al. pp. 141-142
1982Allosaurus Santafé et al. p. 83
1984Antrodemus Buscalioni and Sanz p. 12
1984Allosaurus Russell p. 22
1984Allosaurus Thulborn p. 133
1984Allosaurus Welles p. 177
1986Antrodemus Chabli pp. 70-71
1986Allosaurus Gauthier p. 9
1987Apatodon Casanovas et al. p. 98
1988Allosaurus Carroll
1988Epanterias Carroll
1988Allosaurus Paul p. 6
1989Allosaurus Kurzanov p. 4
1990Allosaurus Bonaparte et al. p. 35
1990Allosaurus Molnar et al. p. 189
1991Allosaurus Bonaparte p. 18
1991Allosaurus Miller et al. p. 40
1992Epanterias Bakker et al. p. 2
1992Allosaurus Molnar p. 265
1992Allosaurus Novas p. 145
1994Allosaurus Holtz
1994Allosaurus Pérez-Moreno et al. p. 184 fig. 1
1994Allosaurus Russell and Dong p. 2125
1994Allosaurus Sereno et al. p. 270
1996Allosaurus Hutt et al. p. 642
1996Allosaurus Osmólska p. 30
1996Allosaurus Sereno et al. p. 989 fig. 4
1997Allosaurus Currie p. 733
1997Allosaurus Dodson p. 11
1997Allosaurus Hutchinson and Padian p. 96
1997Allosaurus Padian and Hutchinson p. 7
1997Allosaurus Sereno p. 456
1998Allosaurus Sereno p. 64
1998Allosaurus Smith p. 126
1999Allosaurus Knoll et al. p. 105
2000Allosaurus Currie and Carpenter p. 236 fig. 15
2000Allosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 13 fig. 5
2002Allosaurus Carrano et al.
2003Allosaurus Rauhut p. 147
2004Allosaurus Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 75
2005Allosaurus Yates p. 118 fig. 9
2006Allosaurus Chure et al. p. 236
2006Allosaurus Coria and Currie p. 108 fig. 35
2006Allosaurus Mateus et al. p. 127
2007Allosaurus Brusatte and Sereno p. 54A
2007Allosaurus Malafaia et al. p. 258
2007Allosaurus Smith p. 104
2008Allosaurus Smith et al. p. 2089
2010Allosaurus Bell p. 1263
2010Allosaurus Mateus and Milàn p. 254
2012Allosaurus Carrano et al. pp. 223, 248 fig. 7
2013Allosaurus Canale et al.
2014Allosaurus Cobos et al. p. 39
2014Allosaurus Dalman p. 161
2014Allosaurus Hendrickx and Mateus
2020Allosaurus Chure and Loewen p. 8

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
RankNameAuthor
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
superfamilyAllosauroidea
genusAllosaurus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Allosaurus Marsh 1877
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†Allosaurus amplus Marsh 1879
†Allosaurus europaeus Mateus et al. 2006
†Allosaurus fragilis Marsh 1877
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Invalid names: Allosaurus ferox Marsh 1896 [synonym], Allosaurus lucaris Marsh 1878 [synonym], Apatodon mirus Marsh 1877 [synonym], Creosaurus atrox Marsh 1878 [synonym], Epanterias amplexus Cope 1878 [synonym], Labrosaurus ferox Marsh 1884 [synonym], Laelaps trihedrodon Cope 1877 [synonym], Poicilopleuron valens Leidy 1870 [synonym], Saurophagus maximus Ray 1941 [synonym]
†Allosaurus jimmadseni Chure et al. 2006
†Allosaurus lucasi Dalman 2014
Invalid names: Antrodemus Leidy 1873 [synonym], Apatodon Marsh 1877 [synonym], Creosaurus Marsh 1878 [synonym], Epanterias Cope 1878 [synonym], Labrosaurus Marsh 1879 [synonym], Saurophagus Ray 1941 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
M. T. Carrano et al. 2012Allosauroid theropod with: (1) tall, mediolaterally compressed dorsal projection (‘horn’) on posterodorsal surface of lacrimal (Chure 2001a); (2) reduced external mandibular fenestra; (3) strongly downturned paraoccipital processes that terminate well ventral to basal tubera; (4) neomorphic antarticular bone in lower jaw (Madsen 1976a); and (5) distal expansion of ischium suboval in lateral view (modified from Madsen 1976a).