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Dilophosaurus wetherilli

Reptilia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1954Megalosaurus wetherilli Welles p. 595
1970Megalosaurus wetherilli Steel pp. 35-36
1970Dilophosaurus wetherilli Welles p. 989
1972Dilophosaurus wetherilli Welles p. 8
1974Dilophosaurus wetherilli Molnar p. 1011
1986Dilophosaurus wetherilli Gauthier p. 9
1988Dilophosaurus wetherilli Paul p. 268
1989Dilophosaurus wetherilli Rowe p. 125
1990Dilophosaurus wetherilli Rowe and Gauthier p. 152
1991Dilophosaurus wetherilli Molnar p. 165
1992Dilophosaurus wetherilli Sanz et al. p. 50
1993Dilophosaurus wetherilli Hu p. 69
1993Dilophosaurus wetherilli Paul p. 402
1996Dilophosaurus wetherilli Osmólska p. 26
1997Dilophosaurus wetherilli Rowe et al. p. 106
1997Dilophosaurus wetherilli Vickaryous and Ryan p. 488
1999Dilophosaurus wetherilli Knoll et al. p. 106
1999Dilophosaurus wetherilli Naish p. 369
2001Dilophosaurus wetherilli Hurum p. 39
2003Dilophosaurus wetherilli Rauhut p. 19
2004Dilophosaurus wetherilli Carrano and Sampson p. 552
2004Dilophosaurus wetherilli Tykoski and Rowe p. 48
2005Dilophosaurus wetherilli Gay p. 280
2005Dilophosaurus wetherilli Yates p. 107
2006Dilophosaurus wetherilli Langer and Benton p. 327 fig. 7
2006Dilophosaurus wetherilli Lucas et al. p. 91
2006Dilophosaurus wetherilli Weems p. 370
2007Dilophosaurus wetherilli Ezcurra p. 186
2007Dilophosaurus wetherilli Ezcurra and Cuny p. 78 fig. 6
2007Dilophosaurus wetherilli Sampson and Witmer p. 38
2007Dilophosaurus wetherilli Smith p. 104
2009Dilophosaurus wetherilli Bittencourt and Kellner p. 8
2009Dilophosaurus wetherilli Nesbitt et al. p. 1531
2010Dilophosaurus wetherilli Langer et al. p. 91
2011Dilophosaurus whetherilli Ezcurra and Brusatte p. 766
2011Dilophosaurus wetherilli Petti et al. p. 38
2012Dilophosaurus wetherilli Carrano et al. p. 230
2012Dilophosaurus wetherilli Dalman p. 340
2014Dilophosaurus wetherilli Delsate and Ezcurra p. 177
2014Dilophosaurus wetherilli Xing et al. p. 1653
2015Dilophosaurus wetherilli Nesbitt and Ezcurra p. 516
2015Dilophosaurus wetherilli White et al. p. 3
2016Dilophosaurus wetherilli Martill et al. p. 33
2017Dilophosaurus wehterilli Ezcurra p. 513
2017Dilophosaurus wetherilli Sciscio et al. p. 23
2018Dilophosaurus wetherilli Dal Sasso et al. p. 27
2019Dilophosaurus wetherilli Senter and Sullivan p. 2
2019Dilophosaurus wetherilli Yun p. 2
2019Dilophosaurus wetherilli Zahner and Brinkmann p. 1146
2020Dilophosaurus wetherilli Malafaia et al. p. 4
2020Dilophosaurus wetherilli Marsh and Rowe pp. 6–7; 96–97
2020Dilophosaurus wetherelli Moro et al.
2021Dilophosaurus wetherilli Titus et al. p. 2
2022Dilophosaurus wetherilli Mateus and Estraviz-López p. 6
2023Dilophosaurus wetherilli Zhang et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
RankNameAuthor
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Theropoda()
genusDilophosaurus
specieswetherilli()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Dilophosaurus wetherilli Welles 1954
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
M. T. Carrano et al. 2012Theropod with: (1) thin, paired nasolacrimal crests extending vertically from skull roof, each with fingerlike posterior projection (modified from Welles 1970); (2) lacrimal with thickened posterodorsal rim (Rauhut 2003); and (3) central ‘cap’ on cervical vertebral neural spines (modified from Welles 1970).
A. D. Marsh and T. B. Rowe 2020Dilophosaurus wetherilli is the only theropod dinosaur to have these skeletal features: a pair of nasolacrimal crests on the skull (Fig. 66), and each one is formed by a ridge starting on the dorsolateral margin of the nasal process of the premaxilla (only preserved in the paratype UCMP 37303 and referred specimen UCMP 77270); dorsolateral expansions of the nasal and lacrimal; and a posteriorly projecting process of the lacrimal (cited as apomorphic by Welles,1984 and Rauhut, 2003; Figs.3.1–3.6, 26.6–26.10, 36, 43.9, 43.10); a pyramidal process on the lateral surface of the surangular in front of the articulation with the quadrate (Figs. 5.1, 5.2, 38, 45.5, 45.6); the mandibular fenestra is reduced in anteroposterior length (best preserved in UCMP 77270; Figs. 5.1–5.4, 38); the dorsal margin of the neural spines of the post-axial cervical vertebrae are stepped in lateral view, forming anterior and posterior ‘shoulders’ and a taller, central ‘cap’ that is cruciform in dorsal view, especially in more posterior cervical vertebrae (especially evident in UCMP 77270 and cited as apomorphic by Welles, 1984 and Rauhut, 2003;Figs. 7, 9, 39, 63); serial variation (bifurcation and recombination) exists in the posterior centrodiapophyseal laminae of the cervical vertebrae (especially evident in UCMP 77270; Figs. 7, 9, 39, 62); accessory laminae emanate from the anterior centrodiapophyseal laminae and posterior centrodiapophyseal laminae of the middle trunk vertebrae (also present in TMM 47006-1;Fig. 62); the first primordial sacral rib articulates with the preacetabular process of the ilium (Figs. 11, 40); an additional ‘horizontal buttress’ is present on the posteroventral portion of the coracoid next to the biceps tuber (also found in TMM 43646-1; Figs. 13.7, 13.8, 13.16, 13.18, 29.6–29.9, 29.14, 29.16, 29.17). Additionally, Dilophosaurus wetherilli exhibits a unique combination of character states: the posterior end of the jugal terminates posterior to the infratemporal fenestra (shared with Velociraptor mongoliensis Osborn,1924 in this matrix); the angle between the ascending process and longitudinal axis of jugal is <75° (shared with Eodromaeus murphi, Velociraptor mongoliensis, and coelophysids); ventral process of squamosal tapers ventrally (shared with coelophysids and Velociraptor mongoliensis); squamosal-quadratojugal contact absent (shared with coelophysids); angular extends farther posteriorly than surangular in the back of the jaw (shared with Zupaysaurus rougieri and Syntarsus kayentakatae); posterior pleurocoels on the lateral sides of the cervical centra (shared with coelophysoids and cited as apomorphic by Welles,1984); rounded distal expansion of trunk neural spines in lateral view (shared with Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis); first primordial sacral rib circular in lateral view (reversal to plesiomorphic state for Dinosauria); prezygapophyses of distal caudal vertebrae not elongate (shared with Chindesaurus bryansmalli and Syntarsus rhodesiensis); gastralia form extensive basket (reversal to plesiomorphic state for Dinosauria); scapula blade height less than three times its distal width (shared with Eodromaeus murphi); postacetabular process strongly expanded laterally (shared with coelophysids); dorsolateral trochanter of femur is rounded ridge (shared with Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, Chindesaurus bryansmalli, and some coelophysoids); mediolateral scar on the anterior surface of distal end of femur (shared with Eodromaeus murphi);deep fossa present on the medial surface of the proximal endof the fibula (shared with Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis and some coelophysoids); astragalus and calcaneum not coossified to one another (reversal among neotheropods, shared with Allosaurus fragilis, but also may be ontogenetically variable in nonaverostran theropods; Griffin,2018; Griffin and Nesbitt, 2019); shallow fossa on the medial surface of the astragalus (shared with Camposaurus arizonensis, Ceratosaurus nasicornis, and Allosaurus fragilis).