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Macronaria

Reptilia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1859Astrodon Johnston p. 341
1865Astrodon Leidy p. 119
1870Astrodon Cope p. 99
1875Bothriospondylus robustus Owen pp. 21-22 figs. Pl. 6
1876Bothriospondylus robustus Sauvage p. 439
1880Bothriospondylus robustus Sauvage p. 523
1882Bothriospondylus robustus Etheridge p. 202
1884Dinodocus Owen p. ix
1884Dinodocus mackesoni Owen p. ix
1888Dinodocus Lydekker p. 136
1888Dinodocus mackesoni Lydekker p. 136
1888Bothriospondylus robustus Lydekker p. 171
1889Dinodocus Marsh p. 206
1890Bothriospondylus robustus Woodward and Sherborn p. 212
1890Dinodocus mackesoni Woodward and Sherborn p. 226
1890Dinodocus Zittel p. 716
1890Astrodon Zittel p. 717
1895Bothriospondylus robustus Lydekker p. 335
1896Astrodon Marsh p. 242
1898Astrodon Marsh p. 158
1900Bothriospondylus robustus Sauvage p. 504
1900Dinodocus mackesoni Van Den Broeck p. 101
1901Astrodon Nopcsa p. 204
1901Titanosaurus makesoni Nopcsa p. 207
1902Astrodon Hay p. 484
1908Astrodon Huene p. 348
1908Dinodocus Woodward p. 206
1909Astrodon Huene p. 15
1909Dinodocus Huene p. 15
1911Astrodon Lull p. 177
1911Astrodon von Zittel p. 288
1911Dinodocus von Zittel p. 288
1917Apatosaurus minimus Mook
1927Bothriospondylus robustus Huene p. 446
1927Pelorosaurus mackesoni Huene p. 456
1928Dinodocus Nopcsa p. 184
1930Astrodon Hay p. 193
1930Apatosaurus minimus Hay p. 195
1936Astrodon Swinton p. 210
1956Astrodon Romer p. 621
1960Astrodon Lapparent p. 39
1961Astrodontonius Kuhn
1964Astrodon Tatarinov p. 549
1966Astrodon Romer p. 370
1967Astrodon Charig p. 713
1967Pelorosaurus mackesoni Charig p. 713
1970Astrodon Steel p. 67
1970Bothriospondylus robustus Steel p. 67
1970Pelorosaurus mackesoni Steel p. 70
1970Atlantosaurus minimus Steel p. 79
1973Bothriospondylus robustus Delair p. 4
1974Astrodon Langston p. 82
1979Astrodon Madsen and Miller p. 5
1984Astrodon Russell p. 23
1987Astrodon Buscalioni and Sanz p. 66
1987Astrodon Sanz et al. p. 48
1988Astrodon Carroll
1990Bothriospondylus robustus McIntosh p. 348
1990Pelorosaurus mackesoni McIntosh p. 348
1997Macronaria Sereno p. 444
1998Macronaria Sereno p. 63
1998Macronaria Wilson and Sereno p. 49
1999Macronaria Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
1999Macronaria Sereno et al. p. 1346 fig. 4
2002Macronaria Wilson p. 240 fig. 13
2004Macronaria Upchurch et al. p. 265
2005Astrodon Carpenter and Tidwell p. 85
2005Macronaria Gallina and Apesteguía p. 159 fig. 5
2005Macronaria Taylor and Naish p. 2 fig. 1
2006Apatosaurus minimus Mateus p. 231
2006Macronaria Royo-Torres et al. p. 1926 fig. 3
2007Macronaria Sánchez-Hernández et al. p. 197
2008Macronaria Allain and Aquesbi p. 403
2009Macronaria Wilson and Upchurch p. 229 fig. 27
2010Macronaria Suteethorn et al.
2012Macronaria D'Emic
2015Macronaria Xing et al.
2019Macronaria Mannion et al.
2021Macronaria Apesteguía et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
RankNameAuthor
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Saurischia()
Sauropoda()
Gravisauria
Eusauropoda
Neosauropoda
Macronaria
Macronaria

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Macronaria Sereno 1997
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G. †Aragosaurus Sanz et al. 1987
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Aragosaurus ischiaticus Sanz et al. 1987
G. †Atlasaurus Monbaron et al. 1999
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Atlasaurus imelakei Monbaron et al. 1999
Unr. †Camarasauromorpha Salgado et al. 1997
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Fm. †Camarasauridae Cope 1877 [camarasaurid]
+
G. †Camarasaurus Cope 1877
+
Camarasaurus grandis Marsh 1877
+
Invalid names: Morosaurus impar Marsh 1878 [synonym], Morosaurus robustus Marsh 1878 [synonym], Pleurocoelus montanus Marsh 1896 [synonym]
Camarasaurus lentus Marsh 1889
+
Invalid names: Camarasaurus annae Ellinger 1950 [synonym], Uintasaurus douglassi Holland 1919 [synonym]
Camarasaurus lewisi Jensen 1988
Camarasaurus supremus Cope 1877
+
Invalid names: Amphicoelias latus Cope 1877 [synonym], Camarasaurus leptodirus Cope 1879 [synonym], Caulodon diversidens Cope 1877 [synonym], Caulodon leptoganus Cope 1878 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cathetosaurus Jensen 1988 [synonym], Caulodon Cope 1877 [synonym], Morosaurus Marsh 1878 [synonym], Uintasaurus Holland 1919 [synonym]
G. †Lourinhasaurus Dantas et al. 1998
+
Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis Lapparent and Zbyszewski 1957
Invalid names: Helopodinae Huene 1932 [empty]
G. †Europasaurus Sander et al. 2006
+
Europasaurus holgeri Sander et al. 2006
G. †Tehuelchesaurus Rich et al. 1999
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Tehuelchesaurus benitezii Rich et al. 1999
Invalid names: Brachiosauria Upchurch 1997 [synonym]
G. †Dashanpusaurus Peng et al. 2005
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Dashanpusaurus dongi Peng et al. 2005
G. †Galveosaurus Sánchez-Hernández 2005
G. †Yuzhoulong Dai et al. 2022
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Yuzhoulong qurenensis Dai et al. 2022
Invalid names: Apatosaurus minimus Mook 1917 [nomen dubium], Astrodon Johnston 1859 [nomen dubium], Bothriospondylus robustus Owen 1875 [nomen dubium], Dinodocus Owen 1884 [nomen dubium], Dinodocus mackesoni Owen 1884 [nomen dubium], Titanomorpha Sereno 1997 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteinfrao
Entire body: yesinfrao
Adult length: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult width: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult height: 10 to < 100infrao
Maximum body mass: 30000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 10000 kgg
Thickness: thickinfrao
Architecture: compact or denseinfrao
Form: sphericalinfrao
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partsinfrao
Grouping: gregariousinfrao
Environment: terrestrialinfrao
Locomotion: actively mobileinfrao
Life habit: ground dwellinginfrao
Diet: herbivoreinfrao
Reproduction: oviparousinfrao
Dispersal: direct/internalinfrao
Dispersal 2: mobileinfrao
Created: 2004-12-14 12:49:10
Modified: 2004-12-14 14:49:10
Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder
References: Marsh 1875, Peczkis 1995

Age range: base of the Bajocian to the top of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 170.30000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (176 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Bajocian170.3 - 168.3India (Gujarat) Camarasauromorpha indet. (61163)
Bajocian - Oxfordian170.3 - 157.3China (Sichuan) Dashanpusaurus dongi (24883)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1Morocco (Azilal) Cetiosaurinae indet. (45941)
Bathonian - Callovian168.3 - 163.5China (Chongqing) Yuzhoulong qurenensis (205726)
Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7United Kingdom (England) Bothriospondylus robustus (52506)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Uzbekistan (Farg'ona) Camarasauridae indet. (58184)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) Sauropoda indet. (37596)
Late/Upper Jurassic163.5 - 145.0USA (Wyoming) Camarasaurus sp. (62561)
Oxfordian - Tithonian163.5 - 145.0Argentina (Chubut) Brachiosauridae indet. (67428)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian161.2 - 150.8USA (Wyoming) Camarasaurus sp. (126540)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Tithonian161.2 - 145.0Argentina (Chubut) Camarasauridae indet. (51938)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Spain (Asturias) Camarasauridae indet. (232576)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1USA (Wyoming) Camarasaurus sp. (46465 57903 58510 75453 176983 176984) Morosaurus sp. (46460)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1USA (Colorado) Camarasaurus sp. (35293 48171 154924) Camarasaurus supremus (11925)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1USA (Montana) Camarasaurus sp. (49624)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (Utah) Camarasaurus sp. (47196 49626 58514 58516 58517 96826 104715) Camarosaurus sp. (220417)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (Montana) Camarasaurus sp. (50714) Macronaria indet. (215054)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (New Mexico) Camarasaurus sp. (22717 51990 51991)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0Spain (Teruel) Macronaria indet. (213533)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0Spain (Aragón) Camarasauridae indet., Sauropoda n. sp. (36366) Macronaria indet. (201815)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (Colorado) Amphicoelias latus (48153 48158) Camarasaurus sp. (25141 48146 48147 48148 56596 66909 70029 70030 177496 192455 231533 231591 231618) Camarasaurus sp., Camarasaurus grandis (11611) Camarasaurus supremus (11924 48127 48149)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (South Dakota) Camarasaurus sp. (49631) Sauropoda indet. (49633)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (Wyoming) Apatosaurus grandis, Morosaurus impar, Morosaurus robustus, Pleurocoelus montanus (13212) Astrodon johnstoni (52816) Camarasaurus sp. (39337 39342 39344 39370 48837 49627 49628 49636 55320 55483 57893 57894 57895 57901 58507 58508 58509 58511 192707 207749 224377 226819 227262 230770 230774 231547 231552 231553 231568 231570 231573 231579) Camarasaurus sp., Astrodon johnstoni (52815) Macronaria indet., Apatosaurus minimus, Morosaurus agilis (22648) Morosaurus grandis (13214 39340) Morosaurus sp. (12816 13352) Morosaurus sp., Morosaurus lentus (39253)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian157.3 - 145.0USA (Texas) Camarasaurus sp. (231290)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Macronaria indet., Camarosaurus sp. (182492)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8USA (Wyoming) Camarasauridae indet., Brachiosauridae indet. (22650)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Niedersachsen) Sauropoda indet. (51859)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Spain (Asturias) Camarasauridae indet. (84205)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Portugal (Centro) Apatosaurus alenquerensis (49247) Brontosaurus sp. (49218) Morosaurus marchei, Apatosaurus alenquerensis, Morosaurus sp. (49229)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0Portugal (Lisboa) Apatosaurus alenquerensis (49230)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Colorado) Camarasaurus sp. (28366 45975)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Wyoming) Camarasaurus grandis (47065 49577)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0Portugal (Centro) Apatosaurus alenquerensis (49219) Macronaria indet. (194480)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Utah) Camarasaurus sp. (192432)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Wyoming) Camarasauridae indet. (22678) Camarasaurus sp. (74663)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (New Mexico) Camarasaurus supremus (68099)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Colorado) Camarasaurus sp. (70031 70032)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Tithonian155.7 - 145.0USA (Oklahoma) Camarasaurus sp. (49596 49597)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Tanzania (Lindi) Macronaria indet. (48350)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0France (Poitou-Charentes) Camarasauridae indet. (74076)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0USA (Colorado) Camarasaurus grandis (48162) Camarasaurus leptodirus, Amphicoelias altus (48129) Camarasaurus sp. (48161 53040 154925) Camarasaurus sp., Camarasaurus grandis (55329)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0USA (South Dakota) Camarasaurus sp. (132243) Sauropoda indet. (49630)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0USA (Utah) Camarasaurus sp. (57913) Camarasaurus sp., Camarasaurus lentus, Camarasaurus supremus (46439)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Zimbabwe (Mashonaland North) Camarasaurus sp. (49100 49105)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0USA (Wyoming) Camarasaurus sp. (39347 55482)
Tithonian - Berriasian152.1 - 139.8Spain (Aragón) Neosauropoda indet. (232485)
Tithonian - Berriasian152.1 - 139.8Spain (Castilla y Leon) Sauropoda indet. (218994)
Tithonian - Valanginian152.1 - 132.9South Africa (Eastern Cape) Camarasauridae indet. (88876)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0USA (Utah) Uintasaurus douglassi, Camarasaurus annae, Camarasaurus lentus (21852)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0USA (Colorado) Camarasaurus sp. (48154 71476)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0USA (Wyoming) Camarasaurus sp. (56654)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0France (Haute-Marne) Megalosaurus sp. (35911)
Early/Lower Berriasian - Middle Berriasian145.0 - 140.2France (Poitou-Charentes) Camarasauridae indet. (61930)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8France (Poitou-Charentes) Macronaria indet. (142093)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8Spain (Castilla y León) Dinosauria indet. (101506)
Early/Lower Berriasian - Late/Upper Valanginian145.0 - 136.4Niger (Agadez) Astrodon sp. (25223)
Berriasian - Barremian145.0 - 125.0Russian Federation (Sakha) Camarasaurus sp. (32313)
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Germany (Niedersachsen) Camarasauridae indet. (142027)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9USA (Utah) Macronaria indet. (27025)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0Spain (Aragón) Camarasauridae indet. A, Camarasauridae indet. B (36367)
Late/Upper Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian136.4 - 125.45Croatia (Istarska) Camarasauridae indet. (26931)
Late/Upper Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian136.4 - 125.45Spain (Aragón) Camarasauridae indet. (96079)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45Spain (Aragón) Titanosauridae indet. (36368)
Early/Lower Aptian125.45 - 122.46United Kingdom (England) Iguanodon sp. (45882)
Aptian - Albian125.0 - 100.5Thailand (Ubon Ratchathani) Nemegtosauridae indet. (52346)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 112.03USA (Maryland) Astrodon sp. (52678)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 112.03USA (District of Columbia) Sauropoda indet. (71405)
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian122.46 - 109.0USA (Texas) Sauropoda indet. (14388)
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian122.46 - 109.0USA (Oklahoma) Astrodon sp. (14392)
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian122.46 - 109.0South Korea (Gyeongsangnam-do) Camarasauridae indet. (52858)
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian122.46 - 109.0South Korea (Gyeongsangbuk-do) Brachiosauridae indet. (142883)
Late/Upper Aptian - Albian122.46 - 100.5China (Xinjiang) Camarasauridae indet. (49047)
Middle Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian109.0 - 93.5USA (Wyoming) Macronaria indet. (50498)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9Mongolia (Dalanzagad) Titanosauria indet. (60457)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9China (Jilin) Macronaria indet. (221681)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5France (Poitou-Charentes) Brachiosauridae indet. (77229 77231 77232)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0India (Tamil Nadu) Camarasauridae indet. (71480)