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Portunidae (swimming crab)
Taxonomy
Portunidae was named by Rafinesque (1815) [also attributed to Rafinesque 1819]. It is extant. Its type is Portunus.
It was assigned to Cancroidea by Dana (1851); to Brachyrhyncha by Rathbun (1918) and Rathbun (1926); to Brachyura by Satsangi and Parida (1980); to Eubrachyura by Ahyong et al. (2007); and to Portunoidea by Feldmann and Keys (1992), Feldmann and Duncan (1992), Karasawa (1992), Karasawa (1993), Feldmann et al. (1995), Schweitzer and Feldmann (1999), Karasawa and Fudouji (2000), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2000), Schweitzer et al. (2000), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2002), Feldmann et al. (2003), Collins et al. (2003), Schweitzer et al. (2004), Karasawa and Schweitzer (2006), Schweitzer et al. (2006), Schweitzer et al. (2006), Schweitzer et al. (2010), Luque et al. (2017), Wolfe et al. (2019) and Schweitzer et al. (2021).
It was assigned to Cancroidea by Dana (1851); to Brachyrhyncha by Rathbun (1918) and Rathbun (1926); to Brachyura by Satsangi and Parida (1980); to Eubrachyura by Ahyong et al. (2007); and to Portunoidea by Feldmann and Keys (1992), Feldmann and Duncan (1992), Karasawa (1992), Karasawa (1993), Feldmann et al. (1995), Schweitzer and Feldmann (1999), Karasawa and Fudouji (2000), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2000), Schweitzer et al. (2000), Schweitzer and Feldmann (2002), Feldmann et al. (2003), Collins et al. (2003), Schweitzer et al. (2004), Karasawa and Schweitzer (2006), Schweitzer et al. (2006), Schweitzer et al. (2006), Schweitzer et al. (2010), Luque et al. (2017), Wolfe et al. (2019) and Schweitzer et al. (2021).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1815 | Portunidae Rafinesque |
| 1851 | Portunidae Dana p. 128 |
| 1918 | Portunidae Rathbun p. 162 |
| 1918 | Gatuniidae Rathbun p. 168 |
| 1926 | Portunidae Rathbun p. 66 |
| 1980 | Portunidae Satsangi and Parida p. 304 |
| 1992 | Portunidae Feldmann and Duncan p. 460 |
| 1992 | Portunidae Feldmann and Keys p. 10 |
| 1992 | Portunidae Karasawa p. 1252 |
| 1993 | Portunidae Karasawa p. 52 |
| 1995 | Portunidae Feldmann et al. p. 9 |
| 1999 | Portunidae Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 242 |
| 2000 | Portunidae Karasawa and Fudouji p. 244 |
| 2000 | Portunidae Schweitzer et al. p. 37 |
| 2002 | Portunidae Schweitzer and Feldmann p. 961 |
| 2003 | Portunidae Collins et al. p. 212 |
| 2003 | Portunidae Feldmann et al. p. 152 |
| 2004 | Portunidae Schweitzer et al. p. 100 |
| 2006 | Portunidae Karasawa and Schweitzer p. 61 |
| 2006 | Portunidae Schweitzer et al. p. 24 figs. Table 1 |
| 2006 | Portunidae Schweitzer et al. p. 118 |
| 2007 | Portunidae Ahyong et al. |
| 2010 | Portunidae Schweitzer et al. p. 108 |
| 2013 | Archaeoportunidae Artal et al. p. 309 |
| 2017 | Portunidae Luque et al. p. 12 |
| 2019 | Portunidae Wolfe et al. |
| 2021 | Portunidae Schweitzer et al. p. 20 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Portunidae Rafinesque 1815 [swimming crab]
show all | hide all
Subfm. Carupinae Paulson 1875
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G. Catoptrus Milne-Edwards 1870
G. †Euronectes Karasawa et al. 2008
+
†Euronectes grumiensis Beschin et al. 2001
Euronectes vocans Müller 1993
G. Libystes Milne Edwards 1867
+
Libystes nitidus Milne-Edwards 1867
Invalid names: Carcinoplacoides Kesling 1958 [synonym]
G. †Neptocarcinus Lorenthey 1898
+
†Neptocarcinus dezanchei Beschin et al. 2015
†Neptocarcinus millenaris Lörenthey 1898
†Neptocarcinus millenarusdup Lorenthey 1898
†Neptocarcinus spinosus Lorenthey 1929
G. †Rakosia Muller 1984
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†Rakosia carupoides Müller 1984
†Rakosia grumiensis Beschin et al. 2001
†Rakosia rectifrons Muller 1996
Rakosia vocans Müller 1993
G. Richerellus Crosnier 2003
Invalid names: Atoportuninae Stevcic 2005 [synonym], Catoptrinae Borradaile 1902 [synonym]
Subfm. Necronectinae Glaessner 1928
+
G. †Necronectes Milne-Edwards 1881
+
†Necronectes batalleri Via 1932
†Necronectes beaumonti Milne Edwards 1864
†Necronectes collinsi Schweitzer et al. 2006
†Necronectes drydeni Rathbun 1935
†Necronectes nodosa Schweitzer et al. 2002
†Necronectes nodosus Schweitzer and Feldmann 2002
†Necronectes proavita Rathbun 1918
†Necronectes proavitus Rathbun 1918
†Necronectes schafferi Glaessner 1928
†Necronectes summus Collins and Donovan 1995
†Necronectes tajinensis Vega et al. 1999
†Necronectes vicksburgensis Stenzel 1935
+
Invalid names: Necronectes vaughani Rathbun 1935 [synonym]
†Necronectes vidalianus Milne-Edwards 1881
Invalid names: Gatunia Rathbun 1918 [synonym], Necronectes iranensis Toraby and Yazdi 2002 [nomen nudum]
G. Sanquerus Manning 1989
G. Scylla De Haan 1833
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†Scylla costata Rathbun 1919
†Scylla floridana Rathbun 1935
†Scylla hassiaca Ebert 1887
†Scylla laevis Bohm 1922
†Scylla marianae Hu and Tao 1996
†Scylla michelini Milne-Edwards 1860
†Scylla molassica Studer 1898
†Scylla ozawai Glaessner 1933
Scylla serrata Forskål 1775
Scylla serratus Forskål 1775
†Scylla sindensis Stoliczka 1871
Subfm. Podophthalminae Dana 1851
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G. Euphylax Stimpson 1862
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†Euphylax callinecias Rathbun 1918
†Euphylax callinectias Rathbun 1918
†Euphylax domingensis Rathbun 1919
Euphylax dovii Stimpson 1860
†Euphylax fortis Rathbun 1918
†Euphylax fortispinosus Collins et al. 2001
†Euphylax maculatus Collins 2005
†Euphylax septendentatus Beurlen 1958
G. Podophthalmus Lamarck 1801
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†Podophthalmus buchii Reuss 1845
†Podophthalmus defrancei Desmarest 1822
†Podophthalmus domingensis Rathbun 1919
†Podophthalmus fusiformis Morris and Collins 1991
†Podophthalmus taiwanicus Hu and Tao 1985
Podophthalmus vigil Fabricius 1798 [periscope crab]
G. †Psygmophthalmus Schweitzer et al. 2006
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†Psygmophthalmus bifurcatus Collins 2009
†Psygmophthalmus lares Schweitzer et al. 2006
G. †Saratunus Collins et al. 2003
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†Saratunus karasawai Collins et al. 2003
†Saratunus longiorbis Collins et al. 2003
G. †Viaophthalmus Karasawa et al. 2008
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†Viaophthalmus zariqueyi Via 1959
†Viaophthalmus zariquieyi Via 1959
Subfm. Portuninae Rafinesque 1815
+
G. Acanthoportunus Schweitzer and Feldmann 2002
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Acanthoportunus buchanani Schweitzer and Feldmann 2002
G. Achelous De Haan 1833
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Achelous gibbesii Stimpson 1862
†Achelous obtusus Milne Edwards 1860
Achelous sebae Milne-Edwards 1834
Achelous spinimanus Latreille 1819
†Achelous vindobonensis Bachmeyer 1950
G. Callinectes Stimpson 1860
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†Callinectes alabamensis Rathbun 1935
Callinectes bellicosus Stimpson 1862 [warrior swimming crab]
†Callinectes declivis Rathbun 1918
†Callinectes jamaicensis Withers 1924
†Callinectes paraensis Beurlen 1958
†Callinectes quilonensis Verma 1977
†Callinectes reticulatus Rathbun 1918
Callinectes sapidus Rathbun 1896
Callinectes toxodes Ordway 1863
G. †Colneptunus Lorenthey 1929
+
†Colneptunus catalaunicus Via 1941
†Colneptunus dalloni Van Straelen 1930
†Colneptunus hungaricus Lörenthey 1898
†Colneptunus hungaricus lutetianus Remy 1954
Invalid names: Allogoneplax Van Straelen 1930 [synonym], Gonioneptunites Via 1959 [objective synonym]
G. Portunus Weber 1795
+
Subg. †Portunus (Portunus) Weber 1795
Portunus alphonsei Karasawa et al. 2008
†Portunus arcuatus Milne Edwards 1860
†Portunus atecuicitlis Vega 1999
†Portunus brouweri Van Straelen 1924
†Portunus catalaunicus Via 1941
†Portunus delgadoi Fontannes 1884
†Portunus edwardsi Sismonda 1861
†Portunus gabbi Rathbun 1919
†Portunus gallicus Milne-Edwards 1873
†Portunus haitensis Rathbun 1923
Portunus hastatus Linnaeus 1767
†Portunus incertus Milne Edwards 1860
†Portunus jurensis Étallon 1859
†Portunus kisslingi Studer 1892
†Portunus kochi Bittner 1893
†Portunus krambergeri Bittner 1893
†Portunus larteti Milne Edwards 1860
†Portunus levigatus Rathbun 1945
†Portunus miocaenicus Muller 1984
†Portunus miyaku Karasawa and Nobuhara 2008
†Portunus monspeliensis Milne Edwards 1860
+
Invalid names: Neptunus granulatus Milne-Edwards 1861 [synonym]
†Portunus neogenicus Müller 1978
†Portunus oblongus Rathbun 1920
†Portunus obtusus Milne-Edwards 1860
†Portunus obvallatus Morris and Collins 1991
†Portunus oligocenicus Paucǎ 1929
Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus 1758
†Portunus pirabaensis Martins-Neto 2001
†Portunus pusillinus Secrétan 1971
†Portunus radobojanus Bittner 1884
†Portunus regulensis Van Straelen 1939
†Portunus rudianus Costa 1850
†Portunus sanshianus Hu 1984
†Portunus sijuensis Satsangi and Parida 1980
Portunus spinimanus Latreille 1819
†Portunus stenaspis Bittner 1884
†Portunus straeleni Via 1948
†Portunus suessi Bittner 1875
†Portunus tenuis Rathbun 1919
†Portunus thalae Macarovici 1970
†Portunus tongfai Hu 1981
†Portunus vectensis Carter 1898
†Portunus viai Secretan 1971
†Portunus vicentinus Milne Edwards 1860
†Portunus withersi Glaessner 1933
†Portunus woodwardi Morris and Collins 1991
†Portunus wynneanus Stoliczka 1871
†Portunus xantusii Stimpson 1860
†Portunus yaucoensis Schweitzer et al. 2006
Invalid names: Lupa Leach 1814 [objective synonym]
G. Rathbunites Schweitzer et al. 2011
+
†Rathbunites pentaspinosa Collins 2009
Invalid names: Rathbunella Collins 2009 [replaced]
Subfm. †Thalamitinae Paulson 1875
+
G. Charybdis De Haan 1833
+
Subg. Charybdis (Charybdis) De Hann 1833
†Charybdis (Charybdis) feriata bruneiensis Morris and Collins 1991
Charybdis acuta Milne-Edwards 1869
Charybdis annulata Fabricius 1798
†Charybdis antiqua Milne-Edwards 1861
†Charybdis arabica Woodward 1905
Charybdis bimaculata Miers 1886 [two-spot swimming crab]
Charybdis feriata Linnaeus 1758 [crucifix crab]
†Charybdis fijiensis Rathbun 1945
†Charybdis fragilis Müller 1978
†Charybdis fragillis Muller 1978
†Charybdis gigantica Hu and Tao 1996
Charybdis granulata De Haan 1833
†Charybdis hoffmeisteri Rathbun 1945
Charybdis japonica Milne-Edwards 1861 [Japanese swimming crab]
†Charybdis kilmeri Hu 1984
†Charybdis leei Hu and Tao 1996
†Charybdis mathiasi Muller 1984
Charybdis miles De Haan 1833 [soldier swimming crab]
†Charybdis minuta Hu and Tao 1996
†Charybdis monsoonis Hu and Tao 1985
†Charybdis obtusa Hu and Tao 1996
Charybdis orientalis Dana 1852
†Charybdis preferiata Hu and Tao 1996
†Charybdis shihseihi Hu and Tao 1979
†Charybdis sinhaleya Deraniyagala 1958
G. †Eocharybdis Beschin et al. 2002
+
†Eocharybdis cristata Beschin et al. 2002
†Eocharybdis rugosa Beschin et al. 2016
G. †Gonioinfradens Leene 1938
G. Thalamita Latreille 1829
+
Thalamita admete Herbst 1803
Thalamita crenata Rüppell 1830
†Thalamita fani Hu and Tao 1996
†Thalamita fragilis Müller 1979
Thalamita pleistocenica Hu and Tao 1979
†Thalamita truncatata Hu and Tao 1996
Invalid names: Caphyrinae Paulson 1875 [synonym]
Invalid names: Archaeoportunidae Artal et al. 2013 [synonym], Arenaeinae Dana 1851 [empty], Gatuniidae Rathbun 1918 [synonym], Lupinae Dana 1851 [empty], Psammocarcininae Beurlen 1930 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: superf = superfamily, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Turnsek 1997, Fearon and Clapham 2023, Aberhan 1992 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Oxfordian to the top of the Holocene or 161.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 155.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 155.7 Ma
Collections (267 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Oxfordian | France | Portunus jurensis (226086) | |
| Middle Albian | Italy (Salerno) | Portunidae indet. (127349) | |
| Late/Upper Cretaceous | Mexico | Podophthalmus indet. (135795) | |
| Late/Upper Cretaceous | Mexico (Tamaulipas) | Podophthalmus sp. (133570) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Mississippi) | Portunidae indet. (184985) | |
| Paleogene | Hungary (Budapest) | Neptocarcinus millenaris (138811) | |
| Ypresian | Italy | Eocharybdis cristata (140158) Eocharybdis rugosa (207471) Lessinithalamita gioiae (145127 207470) | |
| Ypresian | France | Portunus pusillinus (226630) | |
| Ypresian | Spain | Archaeoportunus isabenensis (226408 226409 226410) Archaeoportunus sp. (226514) | |
| Eocene | Italy | Portunus brouweri (146253) | |
| Lutetian | Spain | Colneptunus hungaricus (165187) | |
| Lutetian | Hungary | Neptocarcinus millenaris (207773) | |
| Lutetian | Italy | Neptocarcinus dezanchei (207556) Neptocarcinus millenaris (207553 226615) | |
| Lutetian | Pakistan (Balochistan) | Portunus sp. (202290 202291 202292) | |
| Lutetian | Pakistan (Punjab) | Portunus sp. (28974) | |
| Lutetian | Italy (Vicenza) | Eocharybdis cristata, Neptocarcinus millenaris (145128) | |
| Middle Eocene | Hungary | Neptunus hungaricus (207772) | |
| Middle Eocene | Italy | Portunus sp. (207551) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Florida) | Portunus sp. (120294) | |
| Middle Eocene | Mexico (Chiapas) | Portunidae indet. (228575) | |