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Helcionellidae

Helcionelloida - Helcionellida - Helcionellidae

Taxonomy
Helcionellidae was named by Wenz (1938). Its type is Minastirithella. It was considered paraphyletic by Wagner (2023).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Scenellidae by Bouchet et al. (2005).

It was assigned to Eomonoplacophora by Missarzhevsky (1989); to Helcionellacea by Knight et al. (1960), Runnegar and Jell (1976) and Wahlman (1992); to Hypseloconida by Feng et al. (2000); to Helcionellida by Geyer (1994), Landing and Bartowski (1996), Landing et al. (2002), Gubanov et al. (2004), Wotte (2006), Jacquet and Brock (2016) and Kouchinsky et al. (2017); and to Helcionelloidea by Golikov and Starobogatov (1975), Parkhaev (2001), Parkhaev (2002), Parkhaev (2004), Parkhaev and Demidenko (2010) and Wagner (2023).

Subtaxa
Absidaticonus (syn. Yangtzedonta), Aegitellus, Anabarella, Anabaroconus, Anhuiconus (syn. Anchuispira), Anuliconus, Asiapatella (syn. Pseudopatella), Asperconella, Auricullina, Bemella (syn. Repenoconus, Sichuanospira, Charaulachella, Kalbyella, Striatoconus, Rostroconus, Latirostratus, Sacciconus), Calyptroconus, Capitoconus, Chuiliella, Cycloholcus, Daedalia, Davidonia, Emarginoconus, Eocyrtolites, Fenqiaronia, Figurina, Guadalquivirospira, Hampilina, Hampilininae, Helcionella (syn. Pseudotheca), Hispanoconus, Hujiagouella, Igorella (syn. Songlinella, Maidipingoconus, Igorellina, Bemellina, Compressoconus, Chabaktiella, Dianella), Ilsanella (syn. Ginella, Parmophorella), Kuonamkaella, Lenoconus, Leptostega, Manasoconus, Marocella, Minastirithella (type genus), Miroconulus, Nyuella, Obtusoconus (syn. Hematoconus), Oelandia, Oelandiella (syn. Pseudoyangtzespira, Yangtzespira), Papilloconus, Parapelagiella, Pararaconus, Paucella, Pedrocheotheca, Perssuakiella, Postacanthella, Prosinuites, Protowenella, Pseudopollicina, Randomia, Securiconus, Tannuella, Totoralia, Truncatoconus (syn. Maishucunconus), Tuoraconus, Yangtzeconinae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1938Helcionellidae Wenz
1960Helcionellidae Knight et al. p. 172
1975Helcionellidae Golikov and Starobogatov p. 207
1976Helcionellidae Runnegar and Jell p. 116
1979Eosoconidae Yu pp. 240, 262
1989Helcionellidae Missarzhevsky p. 171
1992Helcionellidae Wahlman
1994Helcionellidae Geyer p. 77
1996Helcionellidae Landing and Bartowski p. 752
2000Helcionellidae Feng et al. p. 373
2001Helcionellidae Parkhaev p. 136
2002Helcionellidae Landing et al. p. 298
2002Helcionellidae Parkhaev p. 34
2004Helcionellidae Gubanov et al. p. 205
2004Helcionellidae Parkhaev p. 594
2006Helcionellidae Wotte p. 149
2010Helcionellidae Parkhaev and Demidenko p. 1008
2016Helcionellidae Jacquet and Brock
2017Helcionellidae Kouchinsky et al. p. 331
2023Helcionellidae Wagner p. G

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
phylumMollusca
classHelcionelloidaPeel 1991
orderHelcionellida
superfamilyHelcionelloidea(Wenz 1938)
familyHelcionellidae
familyHelcionellidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Helcionellidae Wenz 1938
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†Absidaticonus ovatus He and Yang 1982
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Invalid names: Yangtzedonta primitiva Yu 1985 [synonym]
†Absidaticonus triangulatus Xing et al. 1984
Invalid names: Yangtzedonta Yu 1985 [synonym]
G. †Aegitellus Feng et al. 2000
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†Aegitellus placus Luo et al. 1982
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Invalid names: Aegitellus concentricus Feng et al. 2000 [synonym], Tannuella retusa Luo and Jiang 1982 [synonym]
G. †Anabarella Vostokova 1962
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†Anabarella australis Bengtson et al. 1990
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Invalid names: Anabarella argus Bengtson et al. 1990 [synonym]
†Anabarella chelata Skovsted 2006
†Anabarella gypirhynchosa Xing et al. 1984
†Anabarella navaranae Peel 2021
†Anabarella plana Vostokova 1962
†Anabarella simesi MacKinnon 1985
†Anabarella tshitaensis Parkhaev 2004
G. †Anabaroconus Gubanov et al. 2004
+
†Anabaroconus sibiricus Gubanov et al. 2004
G. †Anhuiconus Zhou and Xiao 1984
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†Anhuiconus agrenon Vendrasco et al. 2010
†Anhuiconus microtuberus Zhou and Xiao 1984
+
Invalid names: Anchuispira microtuberus Feng 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Anchuispira Feng 1994 [synonym]
G. †Anuliconus Parkhaev 2001
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†Anuliconus campanula Parkhaev 2001
†Anuliconus gonamica Val'kov and Karlova 1984
†Anuliconus magnificus Parkhaev 2001
†Anuliconus tannuelliformis Parkhaev 2004
†Anuliconus truncatus Parkhaev 2001
G. †Asiapatella Parkhaev and Demidenko 2010
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†Asiapatella sinuata Parkhaev and Demidenko 2010
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Invalid names: Palaeacmaea bella He and Yang 1982 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pseudopatella Esakova and Zhegallo 1996 [replaced]
G. †Asperconella Landing and Bartowski 1996
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†Asperconella gloriae Landing and Bartowski 1997
†Asperconella troyensis Resser 1938
G. †Auricullina Vasil’yeva 1998
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†Auricullina granulosa Parkhaev 2006
†Auricullina papulosa Vasil’yeva 1998
G. †Bemella Rozanov et al. 1969
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†Bemella ambita Barskova 1987
†Bemella amplaperata Yü 1979
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Invalid names: Bemella emeiensis Xing et al. 1984 [synonym]
†Bemella atava He 1984
†Bemella barskovae Parkhaev 2001
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Invalid names: Bemella minuta Barskova 1988 [replaced]
†Bemella bella Chen and Zhang 1980
†Bemella communis Parkhaev 2001
†Bemella flexa Barskova 1988
†Bemella incomparabilis Parkhaev 2001
†Bemella jacutica Rozanov and Missarzhevsky 1966
†Bemella malycanica Rozanov and Missarzhevsky 1966
†Bemella minuta Luo et al. 1982
†Bemella multicarinata Chen and Zhang 1980
†Bemella parula Rozanov et al. 1969
†Bemella rotundata Chen et al. 1981
†Bemella septata Rozanov and Missarzhevsky 1966
†Bemella villemsonae Barskova 1988
†Bemella vonbitteri Landing et al. 1989
†Bemella xinjiensis Feng et al. 1994
Invalid names: Charaulachella Vassiljeva 1990 [synonym], Kalbyella Berg-Madsen and Peel 1978 [synonym], Latirostratus Yü 1979 [synonym], Repenoconus Feng et al. 1994 [synonym], Rostroconus [synonym], Sacciconus Jiang 1980 [synonym], Sichuanospira He 1984 [synonym], Striatoconus Feng et al. 2000 [synonym]
G. †Calyptroconus Parkhaev 2001
+
†Calyptroconus radiatus Parkhaev 2001
G. †Capitoconus Skovsted 2004
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†Capitoconus artus Skovsted 2004
†Capitoconus inclinatus Skovsted 2004
†Capitoconus nana Zhou and Xiao 1984
G. †Chuiliella Gubanov and Peel 2001
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†Chuiliella elenae Gubanov and Peel 2001
G. †Cycloholcus Knight 1947
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†Cycloholcus nummus Knight 1947
G. †Daedalia Parkhaev 2001
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†Daedalia daedala Parkhaev 2001
G. †Davidonia Parkhaev 2017
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†Davidonia rostratum Zhou and Xiao 1984
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Invalid names: Davidonia anhuiensis Zhou and Xiao 1984 [synonym], Davidonia costata Zhou and Xiao 1984 [synonym], Davidonia obliqua Landing and Bartowski 1996 [synonym], Mackinnonia davidi Bengtson et al. 1990 [synonym]
†Davidonia taconica Landing and Bartowski 1996
G. †Emarginoconus Yü 1979
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†Emarginoconus mirus Yü 1979
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Invalid names: Diandongoconus varians He and Yang 1982 [synonym], Emarginoconus nana Chen and Zhang 1980 [synonym]
G. †Eocyrtolites Yü 1986
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G. †Fenqiaronia Parkhaev 2001
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†Fenqiaronia proboscis Feng et al. 1994
G. †Figurina Parkhaev 2001
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†Figurina capitata Parkhaev 2001
†Figurina figurina Parkhaev 2001
†Figurina groenlandica Skovsted 2004
†Figurina polaris Peel 2021
G. †Guadalquivirospira Gubanov et al. 2004
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†Guadalquivirospira carinata Gubanov et al. 2004
G. †Hampilina Kobayashi 1958
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†Hampilina alta Kobayashi 1958
†Hampilina goniospira Kobayashi 1958
G. †Helcionella Grabau and Shimer 1909
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†Helcionella antiqua Abaimova 1976
†Helcionella aspera Noetling 1894
†Helcionella capula Geyer 1986
†Helcionella explanata Feng et al. 2000
†Helcionella histosia Jacquet and Brock 2016
†Helcionella kunyangensis He and Yang 1982
†Helcionella lemdadensis Geyer et al. 2018
†Helcionella pricei Resser and Howell 1938
†Helcionella radiata Yü 1979
†Helcionella sidingshanensis Zhou and Xiao 1984
†Helcionella subrugosa Hall 1847
+
Invalid names: Metoptoma rugosa Hall 1847 [replaced]
†Helcionella waageni Redlich 1899
†Helcionella yunnanensis Zhang and Babcock 2002
Invalid names: Pseudotheca Redlich 1899 [synonym]
G. †Hispanoconus Gubanov et al. 2004
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†Hispanoconus cordobaensis Gubanov et al. 2004
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†Hujiagouella shouxianensis Zhou and Xiao 1984
G. †Igorella Rozanov et al. 1969
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†Igorella durara Kruse 1991
†Igorella hamata Yü 1979
†Igorella iacobinica Geyer 1986
†Igorella lata Chen et al. 1981
†Igorella minuta Feng et al. 2000
†Igorella monstrosa Rozanov et al. 1969
†Igorella orientalis Chen et al. 1981
†Igorella shabaktiensis Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981
†Igorella talassica Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981
†Igorella ungulata Rozanov et al. 1969
†Igorella xilingensis Chen et al. 1981
†Igorella xundianensis Wang 1994
Invalid names: Bemellina Vassiljeva 1998 [synonym], Chabaktiella Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981 [synonym], Compressoconus Vassiljeva 1998 [synonym], Dianella Wang 1994 [synonym], Igorellina Missarzhevsky 1989 [synonym], Maidipingoconus Yü 1979 [synonym], Songlinella Chen et al. 1981 [synonym]
G. †Ilsanella Missarzhevsky 1981
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†Ilsanella applanata Parkhaev 2001
†Ilsanella atdabanica Rozanov and Missarzhevsky 1966
†Ilsanella coreanicum Kobayashi 1958
†Ilsanella critica Barskova 1987
†Ilsanella diversa Barskova 1988
†Ilsanella enallaxa Jacquet and Brock 2016
†Ilsanella galinae Barskova 1988
†Ilsanella historica Barskova 1987
†Ilsanella oblonga Cobbold 1921
+
Invalid names: Ilsanella comleyensis Cobbold 1921 [synonym]
†Ilsanella orectus Jiang 1982
†Ilsanella paupera Billings 1872
†Ilsanella plana Barskova 1987
†Ilsanella reticulata Zhou and Xiao 1984
†Ilsanella rozanovi Wang 1994
†Ilsanella savitskii Rozanov et al. 1969
†Ilsanella simplex Chen and Zhang 1980
†Ilsanella yorkensis Parkhaev 2001
Invalid names: Ginella Rozanov et al. 1969 [replaced], Parmophorella [synonym]
G. †Kuonamkaella Gubanov et al. 2004
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†Kuonamkaella oliva Gubanov et al. 2004
G. †Lenoconus Vassiljeva 1990
G. †Leptostega Geyer 1986
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†Leptostega abrupta Shaler and Foerste 1888
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Invalid names: Leptostega cingulata Cobbold 1921 [synonym]
†Leptostega frankenwaldensis Geyer et al. 2018
†Leptostega hyperborea Parkhaev 2005
†Leptostega irregularis Geyer 1986
G. †Manasoconus Peel
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†Manasoconus bifrons Geyer et al. 2014
G. †Marocella Geyer 1986
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†Marocella antiqua Kiær 1916
†Marocella australica Parkhaev 2001
†Marocella depressa Kiær 1916
†Marocella mira Geyer 1986
†Marocella morenensis Yochelson and Gil Cid 1984
†Marocella tichkaensis Geyer 1986
G. †Minastirithella Jacquet and Brock 2016
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†Minastirithella silivreni Jacquet and Brock 2016
G. †Miroconulus Parkhaev 2001
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†Miroconulus parvulus Parkhaev 2001
†Miroconulus sinitsae Parkhaev 2004
G. †Nyuella
G. †Obtusoconus Yü 1979
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†Obtusoconus ampla Voronin et al. 1982
†Obtusoconus brevis Esakova and Zhegallo 1996
†Obtusoconus foliaceus MacKinnon 1985
†Obtusoconus grossicostus Feng et al. 1994
†Obtusoconus honorabilis Qian et al. 1979
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Invalid names: Lapworthella xianfengensis Wang 1994 [synonym], Obtusoconus aberratus Esakova and Zhegallo 1996 [synonym], Obtusoconus multicostatus Yü 1979 [synonym]
†Obtusoconus mirabilis Vasil'eva 1990
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Invalid names: Obtusoconus pygmaeus Chen and Xiong 1983 [synonym]
†Obtusoconus reduncus Gubanov et al. 2004
†Obtusoconus vostokovae Vassiljeva 1990
Invalid names: Hematoconus Chen and Xiong 1984 [synonym]
G. †Oelandia Westergård 1936
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†Oelandia jingheensis Yü and Ning 1985
†Oelandia pauciplicata Westergård 1936
G. †Oelandiella Vostokova 1962
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†Oelandiella aequa Resser 1939
†Oelandiella bellus Feng et al. 2000
†Oelandiella korobkovi Vostokova 1962
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Invalid names: Archaeospira imbricata Yü 1979 [synonym], Archaeospira ornata Yü 1979 [synonym], Gibbaspira acutumbonalis He 1984 [synonym], Huanglingella polycostata Chen et al. 1981 [synonym], Latouchella magnifica Esakova and Zhegallo 1996 [synonym], Latouchella minuta Voronin and Zhegallo 1982 [synonym], Latouchella numerosa Esakova and Zhegallo 1996 [synonym], Latouchella sonlingpoensis Chen and Zhang 1980 [synonym], Oelandiella sibirica Vostokova 1962 [synonym], Pseudoyangtzespira selindeica Bokova 1990 [synonym], Uncinaspira pristina He 1984 [synonym], Uncinaspira ruidocostata He 1984 [synonym], Yangtzespira eximia Yü 1979 [synonym], Yangtzespira multicostata Xing and He 1984 [synonym], Yangtzespira regularis Jiang 1980 [synonym], Yangtzespira xindianensis Yu 1981 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Anabarella lentiformis Xing et al. 1984 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pseudoyangtzespira Bokova 1990 [synonym], Yangtzespira Yü 1979 [synonym]
G. †Papilloconus Feng et al. 2000
G. †Parapelagiella Kobayashi 1939
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†Parapelagiella hinomotoensis Kobayashi 1933
G. †Pararaconus Bengtson et al. 1990
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†Pararaconus paradoxus Parkhaev 2001
†Pararaconus staitorum Bengtson et al. 1990
G. †Paucella Vassiljeva 1990
G. †Pedrocheotheca Gubanov et al. 2004
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†Pedrocheotheca andalusica Gubanov et al. 2004
G. †Perssuakiella Peel 1988
+
+
†Postacanthella elegans Xing et al. 1984
G. †Prosinuites Poulsen 1967
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†Prosinuites lepidus Yü 1979
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Invalid names: Prosinuites hubeiensis Xing et al. 1984 [synonym]
G. †Protowenella Runnegar and Jell 1976
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†Protowenella cobbensis MacKinnon 1985
†Protowenella flemingi Runnegar and Jell 1976
†Protowenella huainanensis Zhou and Xiao 1984
†Protowenella plena Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981
†Protowenella primaria Zhou and Xiao 1984
G. †Pseudopollicina Vostokova 1962
G. †Randomia Matthew 1899
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†Randomia aurorae Matthew 1899
G. †Securiconus Jiang 1980
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†Securiconus costulatus Missarzhevsky 1989
†Securiconus incertus Bokova 1985
†Securiconus obscuricosta Zhou and Xiao 1984
†Securiconus simplex Yü 1979
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Invalid names: Striatoconus yuluensis Feng et al. 2000 [synonym]
†Securiconus simus Luo et al. 1982
†Securiconus vulgaris Feng et al. 1994
G. †Tannuella Rozanov et al. 1969
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†Tannuella chaoi Chen et al. 1981
†Tannuella elata Rozanov et al. 1969
†Tannuella elinorae Brock and Patterson 2004
G. †Totoralia Tortello and Sabattini 2011
+
†Totoralia reticulata Morris and Peel 2013
G. †Truncatoconus Yü 1979
+
Invalid names: Maishucunconus [synonym]
G. †Tuoraconus Missarzhevsky 1989
+
†Tuoraconus acutatus Missarzhevsky 1989
Invalid names: Eosoconidae Yu 1979 [synonym], Hampilininae Kobayashi 1958 [empty], Yangtzeconinae Yu 1979 [empty]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
P. Yu. Parkhaev 2001Helcionelloidea with a cap-shaped shell lacking peripheral buttress.
P. Y. Parkhaev and Y. Demidenko 2010"Shell cap-shaped, without mid-dorsal buttress."
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Entire body: yesf
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10f
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: slow-movingf
Life habit: low-level epifaunalf
Diet: detritivoref
Vision: limitedc
Comments: 322; BODY SIZE: Based on component genera; 8 of 8 genera share 10 to < 100 length, inconsistency among genera for width. LIFE HISTORY: Surficial, fully motile slow, surficial deposit-feeder or grazer according to Bambach et al (2007).f
Created: 2009-06-11 17:55:39
Modified: 2009-10-09 12:02:54
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Hendy 2009

Age range: base of the Meishucunian to the top of the Migneintian or 530.70000 to 478.60000 Ma

Collections (387 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Manykaian538.8 - 529.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Oelandiella sp. (50316)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5Russian Federation (Sakha) Helcionella sp., Igorella sp. (50313) Securiconus simus (99461)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Emarginoconus mirus, Latouchella maidipingensis, Igorella hamata (50419) Igorella sp. (50317) Latouchella korobkovi, Latouchella maidipingensis, Archaeospira regularis (50366) Pseudoyangtzespira selindeica (96250) Securiconus sp., Anabarella plana, Latouchella korobkovi (50427)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Bemella sp., Securiconus simus (99473)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5China (Yunnan) Aegitellus concentricus (87095) Bemella simplex, Helcionella explanata, Igorella emeiensis (171899) Bemella simplex, Igorella emeiensis (171898) Helcionella bellus (87094) Latouchella korobkovi, Bemella simplex, Truncatoconus yichangensis, Igorella emeiensis (171896) Yangtzespira sp. (8089)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5Russian Federation (Khabarovsk Krai) Ilsanella sp l, Obtusoconus sp., Rostroconus sp., Anabarella plana, Bemella jacutica, Latouchella korobkovi, Igorella ungulata, Latouchella maidipingensis, Archaeospira regularis (50367) Latouchella korobkovi, Igorella ungulata, Latouchella maidipingensis (50418)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5Russian Federation (Khabarovsk) Anabarella plana, Latouchella sibirica, Bemella jacutica, Latouchella korobkovi, Securiconus simus (99465)
Nemakit-Daldynian538.8 - 525.5China (Shaanxi) Helcionella sp., Igorella sp., Helcionellidae indet., Bemella costa (86566)
Nemakit-Daldynian - Tommotian538.8 - 521.0Russian Federation (Sakha) Securiconus sp., Latouchella sibirica, Bemella jacutica, Aldanella plana (99229)
Placentian538.8 - 517.1USA (Massachusetts) Bemella bella (56829)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Wangcunian504.5 - 497.0China (Shanxi) Helcionella simplex (232857)
Undillan503.0 - 500.5Germany Bemella sp. A, Helcionella sp. A, Igorella sp. A, Helcionella capula, Helcionella oblonga, Leptostega frankenwaldensis (186151) Helcionella capula (197474) Helcionella sp. A (186156) Leptostega frankenwaldensis (197547)
Boomerangian500.5 - 499.0New Zealand (Nelson) Anabarella simesi, Obtusoconus foliaceus, Protowenella cobbensis, Mollusca indet. (7897)
Dresbachian497.0 - 485.4USA (Indiana) Cycloholcus sp. (232)
Dresbachian497.0 - 485.4USA (Tennessee) Cycloholcus nummus (156379)
Maentwrogian - Dolgellian497.0 - 485.4Kazakhstan Chuiliella elenae (56864)
Merioneth497.0 - 485.4USA (Vermont) Helcionella sp. (217)
Merioneth497.0 - 485.4USA (Idaho) Helcionella sp. (198)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Kazakhstan Chuiliella elenae (56862 56863)
Migneintian485.4 - 478.6Kazakhstan (Alai) Chuiliella sp. (102075)