PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Clavatulidae

Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae

Taxonomy

Clavatulinae was named by Gray (1853) [m. kosnik taxon no: 10189]. It is extant.

It was reranked as the family Clavatulidae by Bouchet et al. (2005).

It was assigned to Turridae by Woodring (1928), MacNeil (1960) and Ponder and Warén (1988); and to Conoidea by Bouchet et al. (2005).

Subtaxa

Clavatula, Clionella, Glibertturricula, Pusionella, Turricula (syn. Surcula)

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1853	Clavatulinae Gray
1928	Clavatulinae Woodring p. 165
1960	Clavatulinae MacNeil p. 109
1988	Clavatulinae Ponder and Warén p. 307
2005	Clavatulidae Bouchet et al. p. 256

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Gastropoda

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Caenogastropoda	(Cox 1959)
—	Sorbeoconcha	(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—	Hypsogastropoda	(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorder	Latrogastropoda	Riedel 2000
order	Neogastropoda	Thiele 1929
superfamily	Conoidea	(Rafinesque 1815)
family	Clavatulidae	(Gray 1853)
family	Clavatulidae	(Gray 1853)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Clavatulidae Gray 1853

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G. Clavatula Lamarck 1801

Subg. Clavatula (Alticlavatula) MacNeil 1960

Subg. Clavatula (Clavatula) Lamarck 1801

†Clavatula arnoldi Van Winkle 1918

Clavatula boothii Smith 1838

Clavatula brachystoma Philippi 1844

†Clavatula californica Conrad 1855

†Clavatula camillae Hoenes and Auinger 1891

†Clavatula cancellata Sowerby 1827

Clavatula castanea Brown 1827

†Clavatula chiriquiensis Olsson 1922

†Clavatula concinnata Wood 1848

†Clavatula coppii Bellardi 1877

†Clavatula cornelliana Olsson 1916

Clavatula costata Da Costa 1778

†Clavatula eleonorae Hoenes and Auinger 1901

†Clavatula evae Hoenes and Auinger 1891

†Clavatula granulatocincta Münster 1843

†Clavatula humerosa Marwick 1926

†Clavatula juliae Hoenes and Auinger 1891

†Clavatula kowalewskii Baluk 2003

Clavatula laevigata Philippi 1836

†Clavatula laevigata Eichwald 1853

Clavatula linearis Montagu 1803

Clavatula militaris Hinds 1843

†Clavatula mitrula Sowerby 1822

†Clavatula mystica Bellardi 1877

Invalid names: Clavatula cocchii Trentanove 1911 [synonym]

†Clavatula perpulchra Wood 1848

Clavatula philberti Michaud 1844

†Clavatula plicifera Wood 1842

†Clavatula pretiosa Bellardi 1847

†Clavatula protonodifera Vredenburg 1921

†Clavatula reginae Hoernes and Auinger 1891

†Clavatula sacerdos Reeve 1845

†Clavatula sophiae Hoernes and Auinger 1891

†Clavatula sotterii Michelotti 1847

Invalid names: Clavatula calcarae Bellardi 1877 [synonym]

†Clavatula styriaca Hilber 1879

†Clavatula suturalis Andrzejowski 1833

†Clavatula tipperi Cox 1936

†Pleurotoma (Clavatula) veronicae Hoernes and Auinger 1891

†Pleurotoma intersecta mystica Doderlein 1869

G. Clionella Gray 1847

Clavatula (Clionella) sinuata Born 1780

†Clavatula (Clionella) sinuata arabica Vredenburg 1925

†Clionella vinaykraoi Dey 1961

G. †Glibertturricula Schnetler 1987

G. Pusionella Gray 1847

G. Turricula Schumacher 1817

Subg. †Turricula (Crenaturricula) Vokes 1939

†Crenaturricula crenatospira Cooper 1894

†Crenaturricula vokesi Clark and Durham 1946

Subg. †Turricula (Leptosurcula) Casey 1904

Subg. †Turricula (Turricula) Schumacher 1817

†Turricula (Turricula) ewekoroensis Adegoke 1977

†Turricula (Turricula) nigeriensis Adegoke 1977

†Turricula beanensis Durham 1944

†Turricula bremertonensis Durham 1944

†Turricula burroensis Nelson 1925

†Turricula buwaldana Anderson and Martin 1914

†Turricula calafia Nelson 1925

†Turricula cooperi Dickerson 1916

†Turricula emerita Hickman 1976

†Turricula eolavinia Olsson 1930

†Turricula esdailei Marwick 1926

†Turricula excelsa Bohm 1926

Turricula flammea Schumacher 1817

†Turricula fluctuosa Harris 1937

†Turricula hanguensis Cox 1930

†Turricula haydeni Cox 1930

†Turricula kayalensis Dey 1961

†Turricula keaseyensis Hickman 1976

†Turricula kincaidi Weaver 1916

†Turricula mclellani Tegland 1933

Turricula nelliae Smith 1877

†Turricula ochsneri Anderson and Martin 1914

Invalid names: Drillia wilsoni Anderson and Martin 1914 [synonym], Turricula libya Dall 1919 [synonym]

†Turricula piercei Arnold 1909

†Turricula plutonica Casey 1903

†Turricula plutonica weisbordi Harris 1937

†Turricula praepromensis Eames 1952

†Turricula promensis Vredenburg 1921

†Turricula promensis silistrensis Vredenburg 1921

†Turricula rossellae Durham 1944

†Turricula sethuramae Vredenburg 1921

†Turricula spuria Hedley 1922

†Turricula taurina Olsson 1922

†Turricula terryi Olsson 1922

†Turricula thangaensis Vredenburg 1921

Turricula tornata Dillwyn 1817

†Turricula waringi Nelson 1925

†Turricula washingtoniana Weaver 1912

Invalid names: Surcula Adams and Adams 1853 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Locomotion:

actively mobilesuperf

Life habit:

epifaunalsuperf

Diet:

carnivoresuperf

Vision:

limitedc

Created:

2009-09-10 08:08:14

Modified:

2009-09-10 10:08:14

Source: superf = superfamily, c = class

References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Holocene or 72.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 70.6 Ma

Collections (491 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Late/Upper Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	Poland	Turricula sp. (28084)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	USA (Tennessee)	Turricula ripleyana, Turricula gracilis, Turricula amica, Turricula biacuminata, Turricula fasciolata, Turricula anomalocostata, Turricula mcnairyensis (88357)
Middle Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	USA (California)	Turris plicata (193033)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	USA (Texas)	Leptosurcula sp. (205541)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	70.6 - 66.0	Poland	Turricula sp. (27818 27822)
Early/Lower Paleocene	66.0 - 61.7	USA (California)	Turricula waringi (192824)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	France	Crenaturricula sp. (20816)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	Poland	Turricula johnstrupi, Turricula steenstrupi, Turricula torelli, Turricula ludmilae (27625)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	Greenland	Crenaturricula sp., Surcula sp. (22943) Surcula koeneni, Turricula sp. n., Turricula three species (177724)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	Denmark	Turricula faxensis, Turricula pusilla (176994)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	Belgium	Turricula hannonica, Turricula pauli, Turricula malaisei (22931)
Danian	66.0 - 61.6	USA (Texas)	Crenaturricula minuta, Turricula imbricata, Turricula frosti, Turricula sp. (205466) Leptosurcula sp., Surcula sp. (84467) Surcula sp. (84468 205220)
Danian - Selandian	66.0 - 59.2	Egypt	Pleurotoma libyca (87000)
Early/Lower Paleocene - Middle Paleocene	66.0 - 58.7	USA (Texas)	Surcula sp. (86328)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	Austria (Salzburg)	Turricula steinbacherae (84335)
Paleocene	66.0 - 56.0	USA (California)	Surcula merriami (190776 190777 190780 190786) Surcula near praeattenuata, Surcula merriami (190800) Turricula sp., Surcula merriami, Turricula waringi (11117)
Middle Paleocene	61.7 - 58.7	USA (California)	Turricula n. sp. (192842)
Middle Paleocene - Late/Upper Paleocene	61.7 - 55.8	USA (Alabama)	Surcula nasuta (85330 85562)
Middle Paleocene - Late/Upper Paleocene	61.7 - 55.8	USA (Texas)	Leptosurcula sp., Turricula sp. (84651)
Selandian	61.6 - 59.2	Denmark	Surcula hauniensis, Surcula johnstrupi, Surcula rosenkrantzi, Surcula torelli, Surcula fissicosta, Surcula indet. (35266 35267) Surcula hauniensis, Surcula torelli, Surcula boeggildi (51500) Surcula johnstrupi, Surcula rosenkrantzi, Surcula torelli (35263 35265) Surcula rosenkrantzi, Surcula torelli (35264)