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Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Taxonomy
Fraginae was named by Stewart (1930) [m. kosnik taxon no: 9221]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Cardiidae by Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Schneider (2002), Moore (2003) and Bouchet et al. (2010); and to Eucardiids by Carter et al. (2011).
It was assigned to Cardiidae by Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Schneider (2002), Moore (2003) and Bouchet et al. (2010); and to Eucardiids by Carter et al. (2011).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1887 | Lunulicardiidae Fischer |
1930 | Fraginae Stewart |
1963 | Lunulicardiidae Campbell and Engel p. 104 |
1980 | Fraginae Vokes p. 127 |
1982 | Fraginae Dockery p. 72 |
1982 | Fraginae Woodring p. 641 |
2002 | Fraginae Schneider p. 323 |
2003 | Fraginae Moore |
2010 | Fraginae Bouchet et al. |
2011 | Fraginae Carter et al. p. 15 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. Fraginae Stewart 1930
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G. Americardia Stewart 1930
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†Americardia burnsii Dall 1900
Americardia columbella Lee and Huber 2012
Americardia guanacastense Hertlein and Strong 1947
Americardia guppyi Thiele 1910
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Invalid names: Cardium (Fragum) elattocostatum Woodring 1925 [synonym]
Americardia lightbourni Lee and Huber 2012
†Trigoniocardia (Americardia) avona Richards 1953
†Trigoniocardia (Americardia) protoaliculum Richards 1953
†Trigoniocardia (Americardia) silvacollina Dockery 1982
G. Ctenocardia Adams and A. 1857
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Subg. Ctenocardia (Ctenocardia) Adams and Adams 1857
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Ctenocardia (Ctenocardia) fornicata Sowerby 1840
Ctenocardia biangulata Broderip and Sowerby 1829
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Invalid names: Cardium magnificum Carpenter 1857 [synonym], Cardium modestum Conrad 1855 [synonym]
Ctenocardia fijianum Vidal and Kirkendale 2007
Ctenocardia gustavi Vidal and Kirkendale 2007
Ctenocardia translata Prashad 1932
†Ctenocardia victor Angas 1872
Ctenocardia virgo Reeve 1845
G. Fragum Ršding 1798
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Subg. †Fragum (Fragum)
Fragum erugatum Tate 1889
†Fragum fragum Linnaeus 1758
Fragum grasi Ter Poorten 2009
†Fragum hemicardium Linnaeus 1758
Fragum mundum Reeve 1845
†Fragum nivale Reeve 1845
†Fragum retusum Linnaeus 1767
Fragum scruposum Deshayes 1855
Fragum sueziensis Issel 1869
†Fragum unedo Linnaeus 1758
Fragum vanuatuense Ter Poorten 2015
Fragum whitleyi Iredale 1929
G. Lunulicardia Gray 1853
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Lunulicardia hemicardium Linnaeus 1758 [Half Heart Cockle]
Lunulicardia retusa Linnaeus 1767
Lunulicardia tumorifera Lamarck 1819
Invalid names: Hemicardia Spengler 1799 [synonym]
G. †Lunulicardium Gray 1853
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Subg. Lunulicardium (Lunulicardia) Gray 1853
†Lunulicardium hemicardium Linnaeus 1767
G. Microfragum Habe 1951
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Microfragum festivum Deshayes 1855
Microfragum subfestivum Vidal and Kirkendale 2007
G. Nemocardium Meek 1876
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†Cardium (Nemocardium) bhagothorense Vredenburg 1928
†Cardium (Nemocardium) brasiliense White 1887
Subg. Nemocardium (Keenaea) Habe 1951
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Nemocardium (Keenaea) centifilosum Carpenter 1864
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Invalid names: Cardium richardsoni Whiteaves 1878 [synonym]
Subg. Nemocardium (Lophocardium) Fischer 1887
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Lophocardium cumingii Broderip 1834
†Nemocardium (Lophocardium) gurabicum Maury 1917
Subg. Nemocardium (Lyrocardium) Meek 1876
Subg. Nemocardium (Nemocardium) Meek 1876
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†Nemocardium (Nemocardium) diversum Conrad 1848
†Nemocardium (Nemocardium) eocenense Meyer 1887
†Nemocardium (Nemocardium) linteum Conrad 1855
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Invalid names: Cardium (Protocardium) marysvillensis Dickerson 1916 [synonym], Cardium cooperi Gabb 1864 [synonym], Cardium dalli Dickerson 1913 [synonym]
†Nemocardium (Nemocardium) lorenzanum Arnold 1908
†Nemocardium (Nemocardium) yokoyamai Takeda 1953
†Nemocardium diversum waynense Mansfield 1940
Subg. Nemocardium (Pratulum) Iredale 1924
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†Pratulum antisemigranulatum McCoy 1877
†Pratulum hemimeris Tate 1887
†Pratulum scrobiculatum Stoliczka 1870
Pratulum thetidis Hedley 1902
†Pratulum victoriae Tate 1887
Subg. †Nemocardium (Varicardium) Marwick 1944
Nemocardium bechei Reeve 1847
†Nemocardium cooperii Gabb 1864
†Nemocardium eugenense Clark 1925
†Nemocardium ezoense Takeda 1953
†Nemocardium granosulcatum Traub 1938
†Nemocardium hadraterum Woodring 1982
†Nemocardium lincolnensis Weaver 1916
†Nemocardium nicolletti Conrad 1854
†Nemocardium nitens Sowerby 1813
†Nemocardium parile Deshayes 1858
†Nemocardium patulum Hutton 1873
†Nemocardium plumsteadianum Sowerby 1813
†Nemocardium semiasperum Deshayes 1858
†Nemocardium semitectum Marwick 1926
†Nemocardium turgidum Solander 1766
G. Trigoniocardia Dall 1900
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†Cardium (Trigoniocardia) ballenium Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Cardium (Trigoniocardia) cabopasadum Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Cardium (Trigoniocardia) gadsdenense Mansfield 1937
†Corculum (Trigoniocardia) heredium ohomachii Oinomikado 1939
Subg. Trigoniocardia (Apiocardia) Olsson 1961
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Apiocardia obovale Sowerby 1833
†Apiocardia spiekeri Hanna and Israelsky 1925
Trigoniocardia (Apiocardia) antillarum d'Orbigny 1853
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Invalid names: Trigoniocardia caboblanquensis Weisbord 1964 [synonym]
†Trigoniocardia (Apiocardia) heridia Olsson 1922
†Trigoniocardia (Apiocardia) simrothi Dall 1900
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Invalid names: Cardium (Fragum) apatetica Dall 1900 [synonym]
Trigoniocardia (Apiocardia) subovalis Broderip and Sowerby 1829
Subg. †Trigoniocardia (Goniacardia) Woodring 1982
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†Trigoniocardia (Goniacardia) callopleurum Gabb 1881
†Trigoniocardia (Goniacardia) melajoensis Jung 1969
Subg. Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) Dall 1900
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†Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) aliculum Dall 1900
†Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) aminensis Dall 1900
†Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) haitensis Sowerby 1850
†Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) hannai Olsson 1932
†Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) minutissima Toula 1911
†Trigoniocardia (Trigoniocardia) samanicum Olsson 1928
†Trigoniocardia carolinae Maury 1912
†Trigoniocardia cordeliae Maury 1924
Trigoniocardia graniferum Broderip and Sowerby 1829
†Trigoniocardia heredia Olsson 1922
†Trigoniocardia sambaicum Maury 1917
Invalid names: Acanthocardiini [empty], Fragini Stewart 1930 [empty], Goniocardiini Scarlato and Starobogatov 1979 [empty], Lunulicardiinae Fischer 1887 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Todd 2001 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Hastarian to the top of the Holocene or 358.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 353.8 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 353.8 Ma
Collections (1055 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Hastarian | Australia (New South Wales) | Chaenocardiola triangulata (75621) | |
Kinderhookian | Australia (New South Wales) | Chaenocardiola triangulata (75614) | |
Ivorian | Spain (León) | Chaenocardiola haliotoidea (174744) | |
Asbian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Chaenocardiola footi (206737) | |
Brigantian | United Kingdom (England) | Chaenocardiola footi (162351) | |
Arnsbergian | United Kingdom (England) | Chaenocardiola footi (8254) Chaenocardiola footii (8617) | |
Ladinian | Slovakia | Cardium victoriae (44353) | |
Aptian | Japan (Chiba) | Nemocardium yatsushiroense (39580) | |
Aptian | United Kingdom (England) | Nemocardium ibbetsoni (1747 1773 1851 1856) | |
Early/Lower Aptian | United Kingdom (England) | Nemocardium ibbetsoni (235315) | |
Early/Lower Aptian | Lebanon | Nemocardium birdanum (69180) | |
Albian | Japan | Nemocardium kyushuensis (123133 123134 123156 123165) | |
Albian | Japan (Chiba) | Nemocardium yatsushiroense (39581) | |
Albian | Japan (Kumamoto) | Nemocardium yatsushiroense (40601) | |
Middle Albian | Brazil (Sergipe) | Cardium brasiliense (87861 87866) | |
Cenomanian | USA (Texas) | Brevicardium sp. (2120) | |
Cenomanian | Japan | Nemocardium kyushuensis (123154 123155 123167 123169 123171) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | India | Pratulum scrobiculatum (228245) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | Japan | Nemocardium kyushuensis (122341 122344) | |
Middle Cenomanian | India | Pratulum scrobiculatum (228244 228246) |