PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Laganidae

Echinoidea - Clypeasteroida - Laganidae

Taxonomy

Laganes was named by Desor (1858). It is extant.

It was reranked as the family Laganidae by Clark and Twitchell (1915), Durham (1955), Durham (1966), Lindley (2001), Kosnik (2002), Smith (2009) and Kroh and Smith (2010).

It was assigned to Clypeastrina by Clark and Twitchell (1915); to Laganina by Durham (1955), Durham (1966) and Lindley (2001); to Echinoidea by Kosnik (2002); to Scutellina by Smith (2009); and to Laganiformes by Kroh and Smith (2010).

Subtaxa

Fibulina, Hupea, Jacksonaster, Laganinae, Laganum, Neolaganinae, Peronella, Peronellites, Rumphia, Sismondia

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1915	Laganidae Clark and Twitchell p. 122
1955	Laganidae Durham p. 138
1966	Laganidae Durham p. U472
2001	Laganidae Lindley p. 129
2002	Laganidae Kosnik
2009	Laganidae Smith
2010	Laganidae Kroh and Smith p. 172

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
—	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata
subphylum	Eleutherozoa
—	Echinozoa	()
class	Echinoidea	()
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860

Rank	Name	Author
superorder	Acroechinoidea	()
—	Carinacea
—	Irregularia	()
—	Microstomata
—	Neognathostomata
order	Clypeasteroida
suborder	Scutellina	()
infraorder	Laganiformes
family	Laganidae	()
family	Laganidae	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Laganidae Desor 1858

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G. †Fibulina Tornquist 1904

G. Hupea Pomel 1883

G. Jacksonaster Lambert and Thiéry 1914

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†Jacksonaster cubensis Lambert 1925

G. Laganum Link 1807

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†Laganum depressum Agassiz 1841

†Laganum leptum Jackson 1937

G. Peronella Gray 1855

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†Peronella crustuloides Morton 1833

Invalid names: Laganum johnsoni Clark and Twitchell 1915 [synonym]

†Peronella cubae Weisbord 1934

G. †Peronellites Hayasaka and Morishita 1947

G. Rumphia Desor 1858

G. †Sismondia Desor 1858

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†Sismondia arnoldi Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Sismondia coalingaensis Clark and Twitchell 1915

†Sismondia convexa Nisiyama 1937

†Sismondia javana Nisiyama 1968

†Sismondia javana ladronensis Nisiyama 1968

Invalid names: Laganinae Agassiz 1873 [empty], Neolaganinae Durham 1954 [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

high Mg calcitec

Ontogeny:

accretion, addition of partsp

Environment:

marinep

Locomotion:

slow-movingo

Life habit:

semi-infaunalo

Diet:

detritivoreo

Vision:

limitedc

Dispersal:

waterp

Dispersal 2:

planktonicp

Created:

2004-02-28 18:19:59

Modified:

2009-10-08 15:05:22

Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum

References: Aberhan 1992, Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Pleistocene or 47.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.3 Ma

Collections (31 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Egypt	Sismondia logtheti (41900)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Libya (Ajdabiya)	Sismondia saemanni (42129)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Libya	Sismondia ocitana (42125)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	Egypt (Quseir)	Sismondia logotheti, Sismondia sp. (3300)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	USA (Georgia)	Peronella cubae (60451)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	USA (Florida)	Peronella archerensis, Peronella crustuloides (61109)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Germany (Bavaria)	Sismondia ombonii (10963)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Romania (Cluj-Napoca)	Sismondia occitana (221117)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Florida)	Peronella cubae (61113 61114)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Georgia)	Peronella crustuloides (57927)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Panama	Peronella acunai, Peronella cubae (42698)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	USA (Alabama)	Peronella crustuloides (203470)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	Oman (Dhofar)	Sismondia javana (175334)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.03	Mexico (Veracruz)	Laganum leptum (204616)
Late/Upper Oligocene	28.4 - 23.03	Antigua and Barbuda	Sismondia antillarum (80290)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene	23.03 - 11.608	Cuba	Jacksonaster cubensis (91145)
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	Indonesia	Peronella decagonalis (81717)
Middle Miocene	15.97 - 11.608	Papua New Guinea (Morobe)	Laganum depressum (204725)
Middle Miocene	15.97 - 11.608	Fiji	Laganum depressum (68296 68314 68315)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.608 - 5.333	South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)	Laganum depressum (41473)
Late/Upper Miocene	11.608 - 5.333	Indonesia	Peronella decagonalis, Peronella orbicularis (70099)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene	11.608 - 3.6	USA (California)	Merriamaster coalingaensis (203539) Sismondia arnoldi (203559)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	Papua New Guinea	Laganum depressum (204727)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	Egypt ( Al Bahr al Ahmar)	Laganum depressum (42120)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	Egypt	Laganum depressum (96759)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Pleistocene	3.6 - 0.0117	Egypt	Laganum depressum (96760)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	Saudi Arabia	Laganum sp. (198534)