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Milthinae

Bivalvia - Lucinida - Lucinidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1969Milthinae Chavan
1969Milthinae Cox et al. p. 501
1977Milthinae Adegoke p. 253
1980Milthinae Vokes p. 103
1984Milthinae Squires p. 44
1987Milthinae Squires p. 59
1988Milthinae Moore p. D17
1996Milthinae Saul et al. p. 789
2010Milthinae Bouchet et al.
2011Milthinae Carter et al. p. 14

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—LucinidiaGray 1854
orderLucinida(Stoliczka 1871)
superfamilyLucinoideaFleming 1828
familyLucinidaeFleming 1828
subfamilyMilthinaeChavan 1969
subfamilyMilthinaeChavan 1969

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Milthinae Chavan 1969
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G. Cavatidens Iredale 1930
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†Cavatidens omissa Iredale 1930
G. †Claibornites Stewart 1930
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Subg. †Claibornites (Claibornites) Stewart 1930
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Subg. †Claibornites (Saxolucina) Stewart 1930
†Claibornites paytensis Woods 1922
G. †Eophysema Stewart 1930
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G. Gibbolucina Cossmann 1904
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Subg. Gibbolucina (Eomiltha) Cossmann 1912
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†Eomiltha pandata Conrad 1833
†Eomiltha scolaroi Vokes 1969
Eomiltha voorhoevei Deshayes 1857
†Eomiltha woodi Olsson 1930
†Eomiltha xustris Gardner 1926
†Gibbolucina (Eomiltha) packi Dickerson 1916
†Miltha (Eomiltha) contorta Defrance 1823
Subg. Gibbolucina (Gibbolucina) Cossmann 1904
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†Lucina (Gibbolucina) deperdita Michelotti 1861
G. †Jagolucina Chavan 1937
G. †Milthoidea Marwick 1931
G. †Myrtucina Vokes 1939
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†Myrtucina roseburgensis Turner 1938
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†Pterolucina consobrina Deshayes 1857
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: deep infaunalf
Diet: chemosymbioticf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-05-17 03:07:50
Modified: 2009-10-09 08:44:03
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 72.10000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (143 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Iran Claibornites louristana (1383)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Texas) Eophysema sp. (205541)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (South Dakota) Claibornites cedrensis (1320)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Belgium Eomiltha alburgensis (22931)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Argentina (Neuquén) Jagolucina psephenata (73885 73912 73924 73942 74004 74008)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Texas) Eomiltha strangensis (205466)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Bulgaria (Sliven) Miltha quadrata (102344)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (California) Eomiltha turneri (11117 11119) Lucina turneri (190795 190798) Phacoides turneri (190769 190779 190787 190800)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2USA (California) Phacoides muirensis (81800)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0Bulgaria (Varna) Miltha contorta (102400)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0Australia (Victoria) Jagolucina psephenata (6266 6267)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0USA (California) Claibornites turneri (52598 52602 52606) Codalucina turneri (52612) Eomiltha turneri (11120)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium Gibbolucina gibbosula (77608)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Alabama) Anodontia ozarkana (92375 98308) Eophysema ozarkana (80764 80779)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (California) Codalucina muirensis (52614) Lucina packi (122656) Miltha packi (178752 185192 194164) Miltha packi, Claibornites diegoensis (178748) Phacoides gyrata (52429 52432 52434)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Mississippi) Anodontia ozarkana (91729) Eophysema ozarkana (89872)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Oregon) Lucina packi (200795 200796 200803)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France Pterolucina consobrina (171521)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Eomiltha sp. (83757 83802) Eophysema ozarkana (81189 81191)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3USA (California) Claibornites diegoensis (8014)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (California) Lucina gyrata (91476 207115)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Peru Lucina paytensis (93758)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Russian Federation Claibornites turneri (50078) Pterolucina ilpinensis (50129)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (California) Miltha packi, Claibornites diegoensis (111552) Phacoides muirensis (203578)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene55.8 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Gibbolucina gibbosula (3258)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Oregon) Lucina roseburgensis (200914)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (California) Claibornites diegoensis (5543 8012) Eomiltha sp. (94822) Miltha packi (200737 200751 200754 202094) Myrtucina roseburgensis (200729 200731 200732 200733 200734)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Japan Claibornites quinquangulus (70900)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Belgium Gibbolucina gibbosula (77612 77613) Gibbolucina gibbosula, Gibbolucina defrancei, Pterolucina consobrina (77611)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Japan (Hokkaido) Claibornites quinquangulus (205063)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Eomiltha pandata (81209 81212 81254) Eomiltha pandata, Eophysema ozarkana (81258) Eophysema ozarkana (1436 1440 1441)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Eomiltha pandata, Eophysema ozarkana (205420)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Russian Federation Gibbolucina kamtschatica (50051)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Mexico (Baja California Sur) Phacoides diegoensis (43758)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (California) Lucina gyrata (122295)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Texas) Eophysema ozarkana (205480)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Peru (Piura) Phacoides woodi (52526)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Oise) Miltha gibbosula (3494)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (South Carolina) Anodontia ozarkana (99099)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Anodontia ozarkana (90704) Eophysema ozarkana (205498)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France Gibbolucina lefebvrei, Pterolucina coeloprocta, Gibbolucina gibbosula (78567)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Louisiana) Anodontia ozarkana (90652 98936)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Anodontia ozarkana (90469 98310 98355) Eomiltha pandata (5312 5318 81266 81275 81278 81282 205438) Eomiltha pandata, Eophysema ozarkana (205489) Eophysema ozarkana (6788 205488)
Bartonian - Priabonian41.3 - 33.9USA (Florida) Miltha ocalana (99256)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (North Carolina) Lucina pandata (5365)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Peru (Ica) Miltha woodi (100331)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Bulgaria Miltha coeloprocta (103758) Miltha contorta (103760) Miltha prominensis (103759) Miltha pulliense (103739)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Italy Gibbolucina lefebvrei (78565)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (South Carolina) Eophysema sp. (32908) Lucina pandata (5362 5363)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Bulgaria (Sliven) Miltha coeloprocta (103768)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Lucina gibbosula (42582 42649)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Japan Eomiltha sp. (70926)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Pakistan Lucina deperdita (77157 77158)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Peru (Piura) Phacoides woodi (55441)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany Codalucina tennuistria (95898)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Florida) Eomiltha scolaroi (91536 92461 92550 92551 92556) Phacoides xustris (42367)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Austria Gibbolucina transversa (77402)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Bulgaria Pterolucina schencki (60288)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Australia (South Australia) Eomiltha confirmans (63439)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Australia (Western Australia) Cavatidens perplexa (63208 63211)