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Retusidae

Gastropoda - Opisthobranchia - Retusidae

Taxonomy
Retusidae was named by Thiele (1925) [m. kosnik taxon no: 5329]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Philinoidea by Beesley (1998) and Todd (2001); to Actaeonoidea by Harzhauser and Kowalke (2002); and to Cephalaspidea by Wienrich and Janssen (2007).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1925Retusidae Thiele
1998Retusidae Beesley p. 942
2001Retusidae Todd
2002Retusidae Harzhauser and Kowalke
2007Retusidae Wienrich and Janssen p. 778

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
orderOpisthobranchia(Milne-Edwards 1848)
orderCephalaspideaFischer 1883
superfamilyPhilinoideaGray 1850
familyRetusidaeThiele 1925
familyRetusidaeThiele 1925

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Retusidae Thiele 1925
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G. Retusa Brown 1827
+
Subg. Retusa (Coleophysis) Fischer 1883
Subg. Retusa (Cylichnina) Monterasato 1884
+
†Cylichnina coelata Deshayes 1862
†Cylichnina petrosa Conrad 1848
†Cylichnina tantilla Anderson and Hanna 1925
†Cylichnina turneri Effinger 1938
†Retusa (Cylichnina) conutus Deshayes 1824
+
Invalid names: Cylichna sthillairii Lea 1833 [synonym]
Retusa bizona Adams 1850
†Retusa claibornensis Aldrich 1911
Retusa obtusa Montagu 1808
†Retusa recta Eames 1952
†Retusa truncatula Bruguiere 1792
†Retusa yaquensis Maury 1917
G. Rhizorus Montfort 1810
+
†Rhizorus pakistanicus Eames 1952
G. Sulcoretusa Burch 1945
+
†Sulcoretusa israelskyi Addicott 1970
Sulcoretusa sulcata d'Orbigny 1841
†Sulcoretusa sulcata lipara Woodring 1928
G. Volvulella Newton 1891
+
Subg. Volvulella (Volvulella) Newton 1891
+
†Volvulella (Volvulella) micratracta Brown and Pilsbry 1913
+
Invalid names: Volvula cercadensis Van Winkle 1921 [synonym], Volvula cylindrica Gabb 1873 [synonym]
†Volvulella cannada Ihering 1907
Volvulella cylindrica Carpenter 1865
+
Invalid names: Volvulella cooperi Dall 1919 [synonym]
†Volvulella gluma Keen 1943
†Volvulella joaquinensis Addicott 1970
†Volvulella meyer Cossman 1893
†Volvulella oxyacrum Cossmann 1889
Volvulella persimilis Mörch 1875
†Volvulella tabori Effinger 1938
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: carnivoref
Vision: limitedc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: Mostly predatory carnivores, but see Volvulella (grazer on fine-grained substrates) according to Todd (2001).f
Created: 2009-09-10 07:33:17
Modified: 2009-09-10 09:33:17
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Callovian to the top of the Holocene or 164.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 163.5 Ma

Collections (648 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Germany Retusa microconcha (58203)
Early/Lower Callovian - Middle Callovian164.7 - 161.2Poland Retusa microconcha (58264)
Middle Callovian164.7 - 161.2Israel Retusa plicifer (99129 99130 99131)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (California) Cylichnina sp. (185726)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (California) Cylichnina sp. (167599)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (California) Cylichnina sp. (167600)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Spain (Cataluna) Retusa woodwardi (88324)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Colorado) Sulcoretusa dominici (162249)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (California) Cylichnina sp. (144763)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Cylichnina spinosa (7600)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Georgia) Volvulella sp. (4277)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Sulcoretusa sp. (4211)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7USA (Texas) Retusa sp., Retusa galba (84474)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Greenland Retusa rugosa (177724) Retusa sp. (22943)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Maryland) Retusa sylvaerupis (83135)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Texas) Retusa emoryi (5585 5586 5587 5588 5589 5590 5591 5592 5593 5594 5595 5599 5601 5602 85315) Retusa sp. (84468 205261 205464) Volvulella sp., Retusa praemoryi (205466)
Danian - Selandian66.0 - 59.2USA (Texas) Retusa emoryi (99003)
Early/Lower Paleocene - Middle Paleocene66.0 - 58.7USA (Texas) Retusa emoryi (86307 86328) Retusa sp. (86293)
Danian - Thanetian66.0 - 56.0USA (Louisiana) Retusa sp. B (52197)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Argentina Retusa scutata (99258)