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Smaragdiinae

Gastropoda - Neritidae

Taxonomy
Smaragdiinae was named by Baker (1923) [m. kosnik taxon no: 7492]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Neritidae by Gardner (1947), Knight et al. (1960), Perrilliat (1972), Wilson (1993) and Bouchet et al. (2005).

Subtaxa
Smaragdia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1923Smaragdiinae Baker
1947Smaragdiinae Gardner p. 607
1960Smaragdiinae Knight et al. p. 285
1972Smaragdiinae Perrilliat p. 24
1993Smaragdiinae Wilson p. 42
2005Smaragdiinae Bouchet et al. p. 246

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
suborderNeritaemorpha(Koken 1897)
superfamilyNeritoidea(Rafinesque 1815)
familyNeritidaeRafinesque 1815
subfamilySmaragdiinaeBaker 1923
subfamilySmaragdiinaeBaker 1923

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Smaragdiinae Baker 1923
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G. Smaragdia Issel 1869
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Subg. †Smaragdia (Smaragdista) Iredale 1936
Smaragdia viridis Linnaeus 1758
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Composition 2: low Mg calcitef
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: omnivoref
Diet 2: grazerf
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2008-02-28 03:00:43
Modified: 2009-09-10 10:38:05
Source: f = family, c = class
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Holocene or 20.44000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.97 Ma

Collections (128 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Marshall Islands Smaragdia sp. A (78029)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97India Smaragdia sp. (111542)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Dominican Republic Smaragdia viridis (131503)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Florida) Smaragdia chipolana (41760 42250 42290 42328 42366 42443 92460)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Dominican Republic Smaragdia viridis (93680 131477 131499 131500 131501 131502 131504 131505 131506)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Marshall Islands Smaragdia jogjacartensis (77992) Smaragdia sp. A (78023)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Indonesia Neritina jogjacartensis (70086) Smaragdia semari (70081)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Florida) Smaragdia grammica (42886 111204)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Slovakia Smaragdia expansa (73138)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Austria Smaragdia expansa (74652)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Dominican Republic Neritina viridemaris (58816 58817) Smaragdia viridis (74934 84953 90618 93644 93686 94139 94141 99852 131367 131368 131369 131370 131371 131377 131378 131379 131380 131466 131468 131472 131473 131474 131490 131491 131508 131509 131510 131512 131513 131514 131515 131516 131517 131518 131519)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Indonesia (East Kalimantan) Smaragdia semari, Smaragdia lingsehensis (173565)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama (Darien) Smaragdia sp. (136104)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Palau Smaragdia eangiana, Smaragdia jogjacartensis (77930)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Marshall Islands Smaragdia colei (78022) Smaragdia colei, Smaragdia jogjacartensis (77986) Smaragdia jogjacartensis (77977 77991) Smaragdia sp. A (77984 77990)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia (Kalimantan) Smaragdia semari (173685)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia Smaragdia gelingsehensis (70078)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Panama (Colon) Smaragdia sp. (79855)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Panama (Bocas del Toro) Smaragdia sp. (135816)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Dominican Republic Smaragdia viridis (75042 84983 84984 90619 93717 93996 94006 94099 99853 131374 131386 131387 131389 131390 131392 131394 131457 131489 131494 131495 131496 131497 131498 131521 131522)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Venezuela (Sucre) Smaragdia viridis (41552)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Philippines (Bulacan) Smaragdia paulucciana (96677)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Dominican Republic Smaragdia viridis (93733 93737)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Costa Rica Neritina viridemaris (134657)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Mexico Smaragdia viridis (77713 77714)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Indonesia (East Java) Smaragdia sp. (96670)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Venezuela Smaragdia viridis (131210 131217)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Fiji Smaragdia viridis (78108 78112 78113)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Jamaica Smaragdia sp. (69094) Smaragdia viridis (58522)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Panama (Bocas) Smaragdia sp. (79999)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Costa Rica Neritina viridemaris (134653)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Panama Neritina viridis (80304)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (Florida) Smaragdia viridis (79331)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Italy (Livorno) Smaragdia viridis (173663)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Florida) Smaragdia viridis (67069)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain Smaragdia viridis (127360)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Smaragdia viridis (96538)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Jamaica Smaragdia viridis (80408)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Australia (Western Australia) Smaragdia roseopicta (63355)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Bahamas (San Salvador) Smaragdia viridis (173828)