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Venericardiinae

Bivalvia - Carditida - Carditidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1969Venericardiinae Chavan
1977Venericardiinae Adegoke p. 260
1980Venericardiinae Vokes p. 119
1984Venericardiinae Squires p. 45
1987Venericardiinae Squires p. 63
1990Venericardiinae Beu et al. p. 397
1992Venericardiinae Moore p. 16
1992Venericardiinae Ward p. 82
1999Venericardiinae Berezovsky p. 350
2006Venericardiinae Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 231
2010Venericardiinae Bouchet et al.
2011Venericardiinae Carter et al. p. 14

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
RankNameAuthor
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CarditioniDall 1889
orderCarditida(Dall 1889)
superfamilyCrassatelloidea(Férussac 1822)
familyCarditidaeFleming 1820
subfamilyVenericardiinaeChavan 1969
subfamilyVenericardiinaeChavan 1969

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Venericardiinae Chavan 1969
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G. †Glyptoactis Stewart 1930
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Subg. †Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) Stenzel and Krause 1957
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†Claibornicardia carinata Sowerby 1819
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) argentea Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Glyptoactis) mcmastersi Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
Subg. †Glyptoactis (Fasciculicardia) Maxwell 1969
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†Fasciculicardia allophyla Maxwell 1992
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Invalid names: Cardium arcaeformis Chapman and Crespin 1934 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Cardita (Glans) kaiparaensis Marshall 1918 [synonym]
†Glyptoactis alticostata Conrad 1833
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) aversa Pilsbry and Johnson 1917
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) carmenensis Clark and Durham 1946
†Venericardia (Glyptoactis) mutabilis d'Archaic and Haime 1954
G. †Malarossia Berezovsky 1999
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†Malarossia neos Berezovsky 1999
G. Megacardita Sacco 1899
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†Megacardita ponderosa Suter 1913
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Invalid names: Venericardia caelebs Marwick 1929 [synonym]
G. Purpurocardia Maxwell 1969
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†Purpurocardia beata Marwick 1928
†Purpurocardia fyfei Finlay and Marwick 1937
†Purpurocardia haskelli Fleming 1950
†Purpurocardia lillei Fleming 1943
†Purpurocardia penerectangularis Bartrum and Powell 1928
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Invalid names: Cardita difficilis Deshayes 1854 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Venericardia martini Marwick 1928 [replaced]
†Purpurocardia urutiensis Marwick 1926
G. †Trapezicardita Casey 1961
G. Venericardia Lamarck 1801
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†Cardita (Venericardia) laurae Brongniart 1823
Subg. †Venericardia (Clairbornicardia) Stenzel and E. K. 1957
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Subg. †Venericardia (Leuroactis) Stewart 1930
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†Venericardia (Leuroactis) crescentensis Weaver and Palmer 1922
Subg. †Venericardia (Pacificor) Verástegui 1953
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†Venericardia (Pacificor) aragonia Arnold and Hannibal 1914
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Leuroactis) alisoensis Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Leuroactis) schencki Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Leuroactis) smileyi Vokes 1939 [synonym], Venericardia (Leuroactis) vokesi Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) gabbi Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Pacificor) hertleini Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Pacificor) lutmani Turner 1938 [synonym], Venericardia (Pacificor) oregonensis Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Pacificor) clarki Weaver and Palmer 1922
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) weaveri Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Pacificor) lisa Verástegui 1953
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Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) transversaria Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) clarki popenoei Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
Subg. †Venericardia (Venericardia) Lamarck 1801
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†Venericardia (Venericardia) dufrenoyie Archiac and Haime 1854
†Venericardia (Venericardia) seminflata Cossmann and Pissarro 1927
Subg. †Venericardia (Venericor) Stewart 1930
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†Venericardia (Venericor) agustoscrobis Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) apodensata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) aposmithii Gardner and Bowles 1939
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Invalid names: Venericardia marylandica Clark and Martin 1901 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Venericor) bashiplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) cacamai Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) claiboplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) claviger Gardner and Bowles 1936
†Venericardia (Venericor) cookei Gardner and Bowles 1939
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†Venericardia (Venericor) densata malinchae Gardner and Bowles 1939
Invalid names: Venericardia mooreana Conrad 1867 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Venericor) diga Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) francescae Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) hatcheplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) kilmacodes Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) mediaplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) mingoensis Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) nanaplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) nanaplata nanna Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) potapacoensis Clark and Martin 1901
†Venericardia (Venericor) stewarti Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) zapatai Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericor brongniartii Sowerby 1850
†Venericor planicosta Lamarck 1801
†Venericardia aizyensis Deshayes 1860
†Venericardia ameghinorum Ihering 1907
†Venericardia ameliae Peron 1928
†Venericardia angusticosta Adegoke 1977
†Venericardia barroneti Munier-Chalmas 1881
†Venericardia bistrovi Pronina 1969
†Venericardia bonificae Gliozzi and Malatesta 1983
†Venericardia brassica Maury 1925
†Venericardia buruca Boehm 1906
†Venericardia camachoi Rossi de Garcia and Levy 1959
†Venericardia capricornis Darragh and Kendrick 2010
†Venericardia complanata Deshayes 1825
†Venericardia complexicosta Aldrich and Meyer 1919
†Venericardia costagranosa Adegoke 1977
†Venericardia crossensis Reyment 1955
†Venericardia eoa Plummer 1933
†Venericardia ewekoroensis Adegoke 1977
†Venericardia gulielmi Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia hornii Gabb 1864
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†Venericardia hornii aragonia Arnold and Hannibal 1914
†Venericardia hornii clarki Weaver and Palmer 1930
†Venericardia imbricata Lamarck 1801
†Venericardia inflatior Meyer 1885
†Venericardia ionensis Waring 1914
†Venericardia isaurae Maury 1924
†Venericardia jaquinoti d'Orbigny 1843
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Invalid names: Cardita hanguensis Cox 1930 [synonym]
†Venericardia juneri Cox 1952
†Venericardia koerti Oppenheim 1915
†Venericardia maudensis Pritchard 1895
†Venericardia minuta Leymerie 1846
†Venericardia nodifera Kellum 1926
†Venericardia olga Mansfield 1939
†Venericardia perimetra Maury 1924
†Venericardia philotima Maury 1924
†Venericardia praecisa Dall 1903
†Venericardia rosii Gliozzi and Malatesta 1983
†Venericardia semiinflata Cossmann and Pissarro 1927
†Venericardia simillina Olsson 1930
†Venericardia simplex Dall 1903
†Venericardia soriensis Eames 1951
†Venericardia tabligboensis Oppenheim 1915
†Venericardia thaleia Maury 1924
†Venericardia togoensis Oppenheim 1915
†Venericardia tokudai Takeda 1953
†Venericardia waynensis Mansfield 1940
G. Verticipronus Hedley 1904
+
†Verticipronus strips Laws 1936
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitesuperf
Environment: marinesuperf
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: infaunalf
Diet: suspension feederf
Vision: blindsuperf
Created: 2009-08-17 20:23:42
Modified: 2009-08-17 22:23:42
Source: f = family, superf = superfamily
References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Eames 1951

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lacian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 221.50000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 215.56 Ma

Collections (1679 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Lacian221.5 - 215.56USA (Nevada) Cardium arcaeformis (33202)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Greenland Rhynchonella sp. C (161208) Venericardia liasina (161964 161966 161968 161969 161975 162058 162079 162080 162082 162083 162110 162113 162259 162262 162270 162283) Venericardia liasinum (162112)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0Greenland Venericardia liasina (161976 162071 162072 162073 162089 162109 162271)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9USA (Oregon) Venericardia sp. (52308)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45France (Drôme) Venericardia sp. (75576)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0United Kingdom (England) Trapezicardita squamosa (1856) Trapezicardita squamosa, Trapezicardita arcadiformis (1866)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Madagascar Venericardia lineolata (98230 98234 98244)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3Egypt Venericardia deserti (98326)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Egypt Venericardia deserti (98327) Venericardia forgemoli (140606)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Ecuador Venericardia bisculpta (61910)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9Egypt Venericardia forgemoli (150677 150737)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Venericardia forgemoli (140613)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Bolivia Venericardia sp. (229871)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Venericardia forgemoli (140539)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Venericardia forgemoli (150611)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Cameroon Venericardia nauliensis (209692) Venericardia sp. (209691) Venericardia sp., Venericardia nauliensis (209690)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Nigeria (Enugu) Venericardia nauliensis (90241)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Brazil (Pernambuco) Venericardia linoi (179815 180661)
Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0New Zealand (Chatham Islands) Purpurocardia sp. (3641)
Campanian - Paleocene83.6 - 56.0Mali Venericardia sp. (202356 202360)