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Eomysticetidae
Taxonomy
Eomysticetidae was named by Sanders and Barnes (2002). It is not extant. It was considered monophyletic by Bisconti (2008).
It was assigned to Mysticeti by Uhen et al. (2008), Bisconti (2008) and Fordyce and Roberts (2009); to Eomysticetoidea by Sanders and Barnes (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Gingerich (2005), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Steeman (2007), Rice (2009) and Geisler et al. (2011); to Mysticeti by Okazaki (2012) and Marx and Fordyce (2015); to Chaeomysticeti by Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2017), Berta (2017) and Hernández Cisneros et al. (2017); and to Chaeomysticeti by Fordyce and Marx (2018) and Hernández-Cisneros and Nava-Sánchez (2022).
It was assigned to Mysticeti by Uhen et al. (2008), Bisconti (2008) and Fordyce and Roberts (2009); to Eomysticetoidea by Sanders and Barnes (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Gingerich (2005), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Steeman (2007), Rice (2009) and Geisler et al. (2011); to Mysticeti by Okazaki (2012) and Marx and Fordyce (2015); to Chaeomysticeti by Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2017), Berta (2017) and Hernández Cisneros et al. (2017); and to Chaeomysticeti by Fordyce and Marx (2018) and Hernández-Cisneros and Nava-Sánchez (2022).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2002 | Eomysticetidae Sanders and Barnes p. 315 |
| 2003 | Eomysticetidae Geisler and Sanders p. 27 |
| 2005 | Eomysticetidae Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1 |
| 2007 | Eomysticetidae Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1 |
| 2007 | Eomysticetidae Steeman p. 880 figs. Table 1 |
| 2008 | Eomysticetidae Bisconti p. 173 figs. Figure 10 |
| 2008 | Eomysticetidae Uhen et al. p. 611 |
| 2009 | Eomysticetidae Fordyce and Roberts p. 553 |
| 2009 | Eomysticetidae Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1 |
| 2011 | Eomysticetidae Geisler et al. p. 6 figs. Table 1 |
| 2012 | Eomysticetidae Okazaki p. 129 |
| 2015 | Eomysticetidae Boessenecker and Fordyce |
| 2015 | Eomysticetidae Marx and Fordyce p. 4 figs. Figure 2 |
| 2016 | Eomysticetidae Marx et al. p. 22 figs. Figure 10 |
| 2016 | Eomysticetidae Marx et al. p. 106 |
| 2017 | Eomysticetidae Berta p. 167 |
| 2017 | Eomysticetidae Boessenecker and Fordyce |
| 2017 | Eomysticetidae Hernández Cisneros et al. p. 157 |
| 2018 | Eomysticetidae Fordyce and Marx p. 2 figs. Fig. 4 |
| 2022 | Eomysticetidae Hernández-Cisneros and Nava-Sánchez p. 3 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Eomysticetidae Sanders and Barnes 2002
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G. †Echericetus Hernández-Cisneros et al. 2024
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†Echericetus novellus Hernández-Cisneros et al. 2024
G. †Eomysticetus Sanders and Barnes 2002
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†Eomysticetus carolinensis Sanders and Barnes 2002
†Eomysticetus whitmorei Sanders and Barnes 2002
G. †Matapanui Boessenecker and Fordyce 2017
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†Matapanui waihao Boessenecker and Fordyce 2017
Invalid names: Matapa Boessenecker and Fordyce 2017 [replaced]
G. †Micromysticetus Sanders and Barnes 2002
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†Micromysticetus rothauseni Sanders and Barnes 2002
†Micromysticetus tobieni Rothausen 1971
G. †Tokarahia Boessenecker and Fordyce 2015
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†Tokarahia kauaeroa Boessenecker and Fordyce 2015
†Tokarahia lophocephalus Marples 1956
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| R. W. Boessenecker and R. E. Fordyce 2015 | Medium-sized (1–2 m condylobasal length) archaic mysticetes, differing from all other Mysticeti in pos- sessing extremely elongate nasals (> 65% bizygomatic width), zygomatic processes that are longitudinally twisted with dorsolaterally facing lateral surface, supramastoid crest that does not extend anterior to posterior margin of temporal fossa, secondary squamosal fossa, an anteroposteriorly more elongate and narrow intertemporal region with a well-developed sagittal crest, and a periotic with a low and discontinuous superior process with anterior and posterior apices. Eomysticetids differ from toothed mysticetes in lacking large emer- gent teeth, and in possessing a more extremely elon- gate rostrum and kinetic maxilla. Eomysticetids differ from all other Chaeomysticeti in retaining akinetic and rigid nasals and premaxillae, a dorsoventrally shallow palatal keel, occipital shield far posterior to postorbital process of the frontal, large and anteroposteriorly elon- gate temporal fossae, unfused and short posterior pro- cesses of the tympanoperiotic, highest point of skull formed by the nuchal crest and not the anterior apex of the occipital shield, anteroposteriorly thickened paroccipital processes, anteroposteriorly oriented zygomatic processes, axis without vertebrarterial canal, anteroposteriorly elongate cervical series, and an elon- gate humerus. Eomysticetids further differ from balaenids and neobalaenids in lacking rostral arching and primitively retaining unfused cervical vertebrae and an olecranon process of the ulna, and from Balaenopteridae, Cetotheriidae, Eschrichtiidae, and ‘cetotheres’ s.l. in primitively retaining a concave glenoid fossa. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| Reference: Uhen 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Oligocene to the top of the Aquitanian or 28.40000 to 20.44000 Ma
Collections (24 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whaingaroan | New Zealand (South Canterbury) | Matapa waihao (179790) | |
| Whaingaroan | New Zealand (South Island) | Matapa sp. (179791) | |
| Rupelian | USA (South Carolina) | Micromysticetus rothauseni (45777 45778) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | USA (Virginia) | Micromysticetus sp. (167203) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand (South Island) | Tokarahia lophocephalus, Waharoa ruwhenua (173285) Waharoa ruwhenua (173286) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand | Eomysticetidae indet. (67856) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Cetotheriidae indet. (159695) | |
| Chattian | Japan (Fukuoka) | Cetotheriidae indet. (45804) | |
| Chattian | USA (South Carolina) | Eomysticetus carolinensis (45781) Eomysticetus whitmorei (45780) | |
| Chattian | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Eomysticetidae indet. (43805 185160) | |
| Chattian | Australia (Victoria) | Eomysticetidae indet. (46166) | |
| Chattian | Germany | Cetotheriopsis tobieni (45776) | |
| Duntroonian | New Zealand (South Island) | Eomysticetidae indet. (173284) Matapanui sp. (204235) Yamatocetus sp. (184888) | |
| Duntroonian | New Zealand (North Otago) | Eomysticetidae indet., Waharoa ruwhenua (45450) Mauicetus lophocephalus (63049) Tokarahia sp., Tokarahia kauaeroa (45660) | |
| Duntroonian | New Zealand | Tokarahia sp. (91675) | |
| Aquitanian | New Zealand (South Island) | Waharoa sp. (189023) |