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Trechnotheria
Taxonomy
Trechnotheria was named by McKenna (1975) [Superlegion]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Wang et al. (1998).
It was assigned to Theria by McKenna (1975), Prothero (1981) and Chow and Rich (1982); to Holotheria by Wang et al. (1998) and Martin (2002); to Mammalia by Ji et al. (2009); to Mammalia by Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (2004), Li and Luo (2006) and Gao et al. (2010); and to Theriiformes by Luo et al. (2011).
It was assigned to Theria by McKenna (1975), Prothero (1981) and Chow and Rich (1982); to Holotheria by Wang et al. (1998) and Martin (2002); to Mammalia by Ji et al. (2009); to Mammalia by Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (2004), Li and Luo (2006) and Gao et al. (2010); and to Theriiformes by Luo et al. (2011).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1975 | Trechnotheria McKenna p. 40 |
1981 | Trechnotheria Prothero p. 321 |
1982 | Trechnotheria Chow and Rich p. 129 |
1998 | Trechnotheria Wang et al. |
2002 | Trechnotheria Martin p. 333 |
2004 | Trechnotheria Kielan-Jaworowska et al. pp. 345, 366 |
2006 | Trechnotheria Li and Luo p. 195 |
2009 | Trechnotheria Ji et al. p. 281 |
2010 | Trechnotheria Gao et al. |
2011 | Trechnotheria Luo et al. p. 444 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Trechnotheria McKenna 1975
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Unr. Cladotheria McKenna 1975
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Fm. †Amphitheriidae Owen 1846
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G. †Amphibetulimus Lopatin and Averianov 2007
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†Amphibetulimus krasnolutskii Lopatin and Averianov 2007
G. †Amphitherium de Blainville 1838
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†Amphitherium rixoni Butler and Clemens 2001
Invalid names: Amphigonus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Thylacotherium Valenciennes 1838 [synonym]
Superor. †Dryolestoidea Butler 1939
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G. †Barberenia Bonaparte 1990
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†Barberenia allenensis Rougier et al. 2009
†Barberenia araujoae Bonaparte 1990
Or. †Dryolestida Prothero 1981
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Fm. †Casamiquelidae Bonaparte 2002
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G. †Alamitherium Bonaparte 2002
G. †Casamiquelia Bonaparte 1990
G. †Rougietherium Bonaparte 2002
G. †Crusafontia Henkel and Krebs 1969
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†Crusafontia amoae Cuenca-Bescos et al. 2011
†Crusafontia cuencana Henkel and Krebs 1969
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Invalid names: Pocamus pepelui Canudo and Cuenca-Bescós 1996 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pocamus Canudo and Cuenca-Bescós 1996 [synonym]
Invalid names: Brandoniidae Bonaparte 1992 [empty]
Fm. †Dryolestidae Marsh 1879
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G. †Amblotherium Owen 1871
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†Amblotherium megistodon Foster et al. 2020
†Amblotherium nanum Owen 1871
†Amblotherium pusillum Owen 1866
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Invalid names: Achyrodon pusillus Owen 1871 [synonym], Stylodon robustus Owen 1866 [synonym]
†Amblotherium soricinum Owen 1871
Invalid names: Achyrodon Owen 1871 [synonym], Kurtodon Osborn 1887 [synonym], Laodon Marsh 1887 [synonym], Stylacodon Marsh 1879 [synonym], Stylodon Owen 1866 [replaced]
G. †Dryolestes Marsh 1878
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†Dryolestes leirensis Martin 1999
†Dryolestes obtusus Marsh 1880
†Dryolestes priscus Marsh 1878
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Invalid names: Asthenodon segnis Marsh 1887 [synonym], Herpetairus humilis Simpson 1929 [synonym], Laolestes grandis Simpson 1929 [synonym], Stylacodon validus Marsh 1880 [synonym]
†Dryolestes tenax Marsh 1889
†Dryolestes vorax Marsh 1879
Invalid names: Asthenodon Marsh 1887 [synonym]
G. †Groebertherium Bonaparte 1986
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†Groebertherium novasi Bonaparte 1986
†Groebertherium stipanicici Bonaparte 1986
G. †Herpetarius Simpson 1927
G. †Laolestes Simpson 1927
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†Laolestes andresi Martin 1999
†Laolestes eminens Simpson 1927
†Laolestes goodrichi Simpson 1929
†Laolestes hodsoni Clemens and Lees 1971
Or. †Meridiolestida Rougier et al. 2011
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G. †Austrotriconodon Bonaparte 1986
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†Austrotriconodon mckennai Bonaparte 1986
†Austrotriconodon sepulvedai Bonaparte 1992
Unr. †Mesungulatoidea Rougier et al. 2011
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Fm. †Mesungulatidae Bonaparte 1986
G. †Reigitherium Bonaparte 1990
Invalid names: Peligrotheriidae Bonaparte et al. 1993 [empty], Reigitheriidae Bonaparte 1990 [empty]
G. †Necrolestes Ameghino 1891
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†Necrolestes mirabilis Goin et al. 2007
†Necrolestes patagonensis Ameghino 1891
Fm. †Paurodontidae Marsh 1887
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G. †Archaeotrigon Simpson 1927
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†Archaeotrigon brevimaxillus Simpson 1927
†Archaeotrigon distagmus Simpson 1929
G. †Dorsetodon Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
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†Dorsetodon haysomi Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
G. †Tathiodon Simpson 1927
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†Tathiodon agilis Simpson 1927
Invalid names: Tanaodon Simpson 1927 [replaced]
Invalid names: Amphitheriida Prothero 1981 [empty]
Fm. †Vincelestidae Bonaparte 1986
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Unr. Zatheria McKenna 1975
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G. †Arguimus Dashzeveg 1979
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†Arguimus khosbajari Dashzeveg 1979
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Invalid names: Arguitherium cromptoni Dashzeveg 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Arguitherium Dashzeveg 1994 [synonym]
G. †Chunnelodon Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
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†Chunnelodon alopekodes Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
G. †Nanolestes Martin 2002
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†Nanolestes drescherae Martin 2002
†Nanolestes krusati Martin 2002
†Nanolestes mackennai Martin et al. 2010
Or. †Peramura McKenna 1975
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Fm. †Peramuridae Kretzoi 1946
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G. †Afriquiamus Sigogneau-Russell 1999
G. †Kouriogenys Davis 2012
G. †Peramuroides Davis 2012
G. †Peramus Owen 1871
G. †Tendagurutherium Heinrich 1998
Unr. †Prototheria Gill 1872
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Subcl. Tribosphenida McKenna 1975
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Fm. †Kermackiidae Butler 1978
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Invalid names: Boreosphenida Luo et al. 2001 [objective synonym]
Unr. †Spalacotherioidea Prothero 1981
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Fm. †Spalacotheriidae Marsh 1887
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G. †Akidolestes Li and Luo 2006
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†Akidolestes cifelli Li and Luo 2006
†Akidolestes cifelli Li and Luo 2006
G. †Peralestes Owen 1871
Subfm. †Spalacolestinae Cifelli and Madsen 1999
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G. †Spalacolestes Cifelli and Madsen 1999
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†Spalacolestes cretulablatta Cifelli and Madsen 1999
†Spalacolestes inconcinnus Cifelli and Madsen 1999
G. †Spalacotheridium Cifelli 1990
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†Spalacotheridium mckennai Cifelli 1990
†Spalacotheridium noblei Cifelli and Madsen 1999
G. †Symmetrodontoides Fox 1976
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†Symmetrodontoides foxi Cifelli and Madsen 1986
†Symmetrodontoides oligodontos Cifelli 1990
Invalid names: Mictodon Fox 1984 [synonym]
G. †Spalacotherium Owen 1854
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†Spalacotherium evansae Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 2000
†Spalacotherium henkeli Krebs 1985
†Spalacotherium hookeri Gill 2004
†Spalacotherium taylori Clemens and Lees 1971
†Spalacotherium tricuspis Owen 1854
Fm. †Zhangheotheriidae Rougier et al. 2003
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G. †Maotherium Rougier et al. 2003
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†Maotherium asiaticus Ji et al. 2009
†Maotherium sinensis Rougier et al. 2003
Invalid names: Yangotheria Chow and Rich 1982 [empty], Zhangheotheria Averianov et al. 2013 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: s = species, g = genus, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
References: Ji et al. 2002, Luo et al. 2011, Carroll 1988, Czaplewski 1997, Luo et al. 2003, Hopson 1973, Uhen and Gingerich 1995, Hendy et al. 2009, Legendre 1988, Johnson and Madden 1997 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Longobardian to the top of the Holocene or 242.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 235.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 235.0 Ma
Collections (22210 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Longobardian | Spain (Alicante) | Theria sp. (202238) | |
Rhaetian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Pantotheria indet. G2 (194663) | |
Bathonian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Eupantotheria indet. (139746) | |
Bathonian | Morocco (Figuig) | Amphitheriidae indet., Dryolestida indet. (176120) | |
Bathonian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) | Amphibetulimus krasnolutskii, Dryolestidae indet. (61891) | |
Early/Lower Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Eupantotheria indet. (31054) | |
Late/Upper Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Amphitheriidae indet. (224639) Amphitherium sp., Amphitheriidae indet., Eupantotheria indet., Palaeoxonodon sp., Peramuridae indet. (57124) Amphitherium sp., Dryolestidae indet., Eupantotheria indet., Palaeoxonodon ooliticus, Amphitheria indet. (39075) | |
Middle Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Amphitherium prevostii, Amphitherium rixoni (59357) | |
Late/Upper Bathonian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian | China (Liaoning) | Juramaia sp. (92421) | |
Callovian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Amphitheriidae indet., Paurodontidae indet. (46545) | |
Oxfordian | China (Liaoning) | Juramaia sinensis (114842) | |
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian | China (Xinjiang) | Nanolestes mackennai, Zatheria indet. (47056) | |
Kimmeridgian | Turkey | Labes atramentosa (173369) | |
Kimmeridgian | Portugal (Leiria) | Dryolestes leirensis, Krebsotherium lusitanicum, Guimarotodus inflatus, Henkelotherium guimarotae, Dryolestidae indet., Drescheratherium acutum, Paurodontidae indet., Nanolestes drescherae (24563) | |
Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian | Romania | Labes atramentosa (201710 201711) | |
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Wyoming) | Amblotherium megistodon, Dryolestidae indet. (49636) Dryolestes sp. (13212) Eupantotheria indet. (55333) Herpetairus humilis, Stylacodon validus, Asthenodon segnis, Laolestes grandis, Dryolestes priscus, Dryolestes vorax, Melanodon goodrichi, Laolestes eminens, Laolestes sp., Miccylotyrans minimus, Dryolestes arcuatus, Melanodon oweni, Pelicopsis dubius, Euthlastus cordiformis, Comotherium richi, Malthacolestes osborni, Laodon venustus, Stylacodon gracilis, Dryolestes gracilis, Archaeotrigon brevimaxillus, Archaeotrigon sp., Paurodon valens, Tanaodon agilis, Enneodon crassus, Enneodon affinis, Dryolestes obtusus (12816) Laolestes eminens, Comotherium richi, Amblotherium gracilis (39431) | |
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Utah) | Dryolestes priscus, Herpetairus arcuatus, Euthlastus cordiformis, Amblotherium gracilis, Amblotherium debilis, Amblotherium sp., Dryolestidae indet., Araeodon intermissus, Spalacotheriidae indet. (53035) | |
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Portugal (Lourinha) | Dryolestidae indet. (154213) | |
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Bulgaria | Labes atramentosa (215208) | |
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Portugal (Centro) | Dryolestidae indet., Zatheria indet. (49304) Laolestes andresi, Portopinheirodon asymmetricus, Pantotheria indet. (69708) |