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Ratitae

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Ratitae was named by Merrem (1813). It is extant.

It was reranked as the order Ratitae by Zittel (1890), Jaekel (1911) and Hay (1930); it was synonymized subjectively with Dromaeognathae by Hay (1902); it was reranked as the unranked clade Ratitae by Baur (1887), Gadow (1898), Gardiner (1982) and Livezey and Zusi (2007).

It was assigned to Aves by Baur (1887); to Aves by Zittel (1890) and Andrews (1906); to Neornithes by Gadow (1898) and Jaekel (1911); to Eurhipidurae by Hay (1930); to Aves by Gardiner (1982); and to Palaeognathae by Livezey and Zusi (2007).

Sister taxa
Apterygimorphae, Casuariimorphae, Struthionimorphae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1813Ratitae Merrem
1887Ratitae Baur p. 102
1890Ratitae Zittel p. 825
1898Ratitae Gadow p. 30
1906Ratitae Andrews p. 258
1911Ratitae Jaekel p. 175
1930Ratitae Hay p. 280
1982Ratitae Gardiner p. 229
2007Ratitae Livezey and Zusi p. 89

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
RankNameAuthor
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Theropoda()
Tetanurae
Coelurosauria()
Maniraptora
Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
superorderPalaeognathaePycraft 1900
Ratitae(Merrem 1813)
Ratitae(Merrem 1813)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Ratitae Merrem 1813
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Or. Apterygiformes [kiwi]
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Fm. Apterygidae Gray 1840
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G. Apteryx Huxley 1867 [kiwi]
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Apteryx australis Shaw 1813 [Southern brown kiwi]
Apteryx haastii Potts 1872 [Great spotted kiwi]
Apteryx mantelli Bartlett 1851 [Northern brown kiwi]
Apteryx owenii Gould 1847 [Little spotted kiwi]
Apteryx rowi Tennyson et al. 2003 [Okarito kiwi]
G. †Metapteryx De Vis 1892
G. †Proapteryx Worthy et al. 2013
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Proapteryx micromeros Worthy et al. 2013
G. †Pseudapteryx Lydekker 1891
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Pseudapteryx gracilis Lydekker 1891
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Fm. †Dinornithidae Bonaparte 1853
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G. †Dinornis Owen 1843
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Dinornis dromoides Hutton 1900
Dinornis giganteus Owen 1844
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Invalid names: Dinornis excelsus Hutton 1892 [synonym]
Dinornis ingens Owen 1844
Dinornis maximus Owen 1868
Dinornis struthoides Owen 1844
Invalid names: Moa Reichenbach 1852 [synonym], Palapteryx Owen 1848 [synonym], Tylopteryx Hutton 1892 [synonym]
Fm. †Emeidae
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G. †Anomalopteryx Reichenbach 1853
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Anomalopteryx antiquus Hutton 1892
Anomalopteryx curtus Owen 1847
Anomalopteryx parvus Owen 1883
G. †Emeus Riechenbach 1852
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Emeus casuarinus Lydekker 1891
Emeus crassus Owen 1846 [eastern moa]
Emeus exillis Hutton 1897
Emeus huttoni Owen 1879
G. †Euryapteryx Haast 1874
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Euryapteryx geranoides Owen 1848 [Mantell's moa]
Euryapteryx gravipes Lydekker 1891
Euryapteryx immanis Lydekker 1891
Euryapteryx kuranui Oliver 1930
Euryapteryx ponderosus Hutton 1892
Euryapteryx pygmaeus Hutton 1892
Invalid names: Cela Reichenbach 1852 [synonym]
G. †Pachyornis Lydekker 1891
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Pachyornis australis Oliver 1949
Pachyornis elephantopus Owen 1856 [heavy-footed moa]
Invalid names: Anomalopterygidae [synonym]
Fm. †Megalapterygidae Bunce et al. 2009
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G. †Megalapteryx Haast 1885
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Megalapteryx didinus Lydekker 1891
Megalapteryx hectori Haast 1886
Superor. Casuariimorphae Livezey and Zusi 2007
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Or. Casuariiformes [cassowary]
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Fm. Casuariidae Kaup 1847
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G. Casuarius Brisson 1760 [cassowary]
Subfm. Dromaiinae
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G. †Emuarius Boles 1991
G. Dromaius Vieillot 1816 [emu]
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Dromaius arleyekweke Yates and Worthy 2019
Dromaius minor Spencer 1906 [King island emu]
Dromaius novaehollandiae Latham 1790 [Common emu]
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Invalid names: Dromaius gracilipes De Vis 1892 [synonym], Dromaius patricius De Vris 1888 [synonym], Metapteryx bifrons De Vis 1892 [synonym]
Dromaius ocypus Miller 1963
Invalid names: Dromaiidae Richmond 1908 [empty]
Invalid names: Struthiones [empty], Struthionimorphae Livezey and Zusi 2007 [empty]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
K. A. v. Zittel 1890Schwungfedernfehlen. Flügelverkümmert,zuweilengänzlich fehlend. Brustbein ohne Crista, Furcula unvollständig oder fehlend. Wirbel mit sattelförmigen Gelenkflächen. Schwanzwirbel häufig frei. Rippen zweiköpfig, mit oder ohne Processus uncinatus.