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Merulina
Taxonomy
Merulina was named by Ehrenberg (1834) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 796]. It is extant. It is the type genus of Merulinidae.
It was assigned to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002); and to Merulinidae by Wells (1956) and Huang et al. (2014).
It was assigned to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002); and to Merulinidae by Wells (1956) and Huang et al. (2014).
Species
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1834 | Merulina Ehrenberg |
| 1956 | Merulina Wells |
| 2002 | Merulina Sepkoski |
| 2014 | Merulina Huang et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Merulina Ehrenberg 1834
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Merulina ampliata Ellis and Solander 1786
†Merulina isseli Prever 1922
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| D. Huang et al. 2014 | Colonial, with intracalicular budding only. Corallites monomorphic and uniserial; monticules absent. Walls fused. Calice width small (< 4 mm), with low relief (< 3 mm). Costosepta confluent. Septa in < three cycles (< 24 septa). Free septa present but irregular. Septa
spaced six to 11 septa per 5 mm. Costosepta equal in relative thickness. Columellae trabecular but compact (one to three threads), < 1/4 of calice width, and continuous amongst adjacent corallites. Paliform (uniaxial) lobes well developed. Epitheca absent and endotheca sparse. Tooth base at midcalice circular. Tooth tip at midcalice irregular; tip orientation perpendicular to septum. Tooth height low (< 0.3 mm) and tooth spacing narrow (< 0.3 mm), with > six teeth per septum. Granules scattered on septal face; irregular in shape. Interarea palisade. Walls formed by strong abortive septa and partial septotheca; trabeculothecal elements may be present. Thickening deposits fibrous. Costa centre clusters weak; < 0.3 mm between clusters; medial lines weak. Septum centre clusters weak; < 0.3 mm between clusters; medial lines weak. Transverse crosses absent. Columella centres clustered. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Kiessling 2008 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Oligocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 33.90000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma
Collections (13 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oligocene | Italy | Hydnophyllia isseli (86953) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Indonesia (Java) | M. ampliata (45341 45342) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Indonesia (Java) | M. ampliata (45343 45344) | |
| Pliocene | Papua New Guinea | M. ampliata (42736) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Indonesia | M. ampliata (45334) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene | Japan | M. sp. (87898 87977 87978 87981) | |
| Pleistocene | Saudi Arabia (Jazan) | M. ampliata (234198) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Kenya | M. sp. (63152) |