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Pentacrinites

Crinoidea - Isocrinida - Pentacrinitidae

Taxonomy
Pentacrinites was named by Blumenbach (1804) [Sepkoski's age data: J Hett J Oxfo-u Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. It is not extant. Its type is Pentacrinites fossilis.

It was assigned to Sagenocrinida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Pentacrinitidae by Jäger (1985), Hess and Messing (2011) and Hess (2012).

Species lacking formal opinion data
Sister genera
Pentacrinus

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1804Pentacrinites Blumenbach
1821Pentacrinus Miller
1847Extracrinus Austin and Austin p. 96
1858Heterocrinus Fraas
1928Pentacrinus Nagao p. 101
1985Pentacrinites Jäger p. 93
2001Pentacrinus Papier p. 372
2002Pentacrinites Sepkoski
2011Pentacrinites Hess and Messing p. 43
2012Pentacrinites Hess p. 231

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumBlastozoa
classCrinoideaMiller 1821
subclassPentacrinoideaJaekel 1918
RankNameAuthor
infraclassInadunata(Wachsmuth and Springer 1897)
Cladida(Moore and Laudon 1943)
Eucladida
infraorderArticulata(Miller 1821)
orderIsocrinidaSieverts-Doreck 1952
suborderPentacrinitinaGray 1842
familyPentacrinitidaeGray 1842
genusPentacrinitesBlumenbach 1804

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Pentacrinites Blumenbach 1804
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Pentacrinites asteriscus Meek and Hayden 1858
Pentacrinites ausichi Hess 2012
Pentacrinites fossilis Blumenbach 1804
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Invalid names: Pentacrinites briareus Miller 1821 [synonym], Pentacrinites britannicus von Schlotheim 1813 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Extracrinus Austin and Austin 1847 [synonym], Heterocrinus Fraas 1858 [synonym], Pentacrinus Miller 1821 [nomen vanum]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calcitec
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yessubc
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Dispersal: waterp
Dispersal 2: planktonicp
Created: 2004-02-28 17:08:50
Modified: 2004-02-28 19:08:50
Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, p = phylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Aberhan 1992, Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Pelsonian to the top of the Priabonian or 247.20000 to 33.90000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 242.0 Ma

Collections (145 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Triassic251.902 - 201.4USA (Alaska) Pentacrinus sp. (112235)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0New Zealand P. carolinensis (60991)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Poland Pentacrinus dubius (63538)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0Italy (Vicentin) Pentacrinus dubius (87260)
Middle Triassic247.2 - 237.0USA (California) Pentacrinus asteriscus (33195)
Middle Triassic247.2 - 237.0Italy (Trento) Pentacrinus sp. (202272)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Pentacrinus sp. (212207)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Spain (Alicante) Pentacrinus sp. (202223 202224 202240)
Longobardian - Julian242.0 - 232.0Russian Federation Pentacrinus sp. (214792)
Ladinian - Carnian242.0 - 228.0Japan (Saitama) Pentacrinus sp. (201826)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0USA (California) Pentacrinus sp. (144374)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Italy (South Tyrol) Pentacrinus fuchsi (205147 205149)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Austria (Tyrol) Pentacrinus tirolensis (202331)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Germany Pentacrinus tirolensis (206013)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4Germany Pentacrinus bavaricus (202142)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4USA (Alaska) Pentacrinus sp. (40678 112239 112287 112288 112475)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Italy Pentacrinus subcrenatus (137429)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5Austria (Tyrol) Pentacrinus tirolensis (203207)
Norian228.0 - 208.5Svalbard and Jan Mayen (Barentsøya, Edgeøya) Pentacrinus sp. (212905)
Norian228.0 - 208.5Italy (Brescia) Pentacrinus sp. (203325)