PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Elmisaurus

Reptilia - Caenagnathidae

Taxonomy

Elmisaurus was named by Osmolska (1981). It was considered monophyletic by Currie (2000).

It was synonymized subjectively with Chirostenotes by Paul (1988).

It was assigned to Oviraptoridae by Russell and Dong (1994); to Elmisauridae by Osmolska (1981), Gauthier (1986), Carroll (1988), Currie (1989), Currie (1992) and Varricchio (2001); to Oviraptorosauria by Osmólska et al. (2004) and Balanoff et al. (2009); to Elmisaurinae by Currie (2000) and Funston et al. (2016); to Caenagnathidae by Currie and Russell (1988), Rauhut (2003), Lü and Zhang (2005), Longrich et al. (2013), Lamanna et al. (2014), Lü et al. (2015), Yao et al. (2015), Funston and Currie (2016) and Funston et al. (2018); and to Caenagnathinae by Funston (2020).

Species

E. rarus (syn. Nomingia gobiensis)

Synonyms

Nomingia was named by Barsbold et al. (2000).

It was synonymized subjectively with Elmisaurus by Funston et al. (2021).

It was assigned to Oviraptorosauria by Barsbold et al. (2000), Currie (2003) and Zanno (2010); to Caenagnathidae by Maryanska et al. (2002), Osmólska et al. (2004), Lü and Zhang (2005), Sullivan et al. (2011) and Longrich et al. (2013); to Oviraptoridae by Rauhut (2003), Lü et al. (2004), Lamanna et al. (2014), Lü et al. (2015) and Tsuihiji et al. (2017); to Caenagnathoidea by Funston et al. (2018); and to Caenagnathinae by Funston (2020).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1981	Elmisaurus Osmolska p. 80
1986	Elmisaurus Gauthier p. 9
1988	Elmisaurus Carroll
1988	Elmisaurus Currie and Russell p. 985
1989	Elmisaurus Currie
1992	Elmisaurus Currie p. 246
1994	Elmisaurus Russell and Dong p. 2125
2000	Nomingia Barsbold et al.
2000	Elmisaurus Currie p. 437
2001	Elmisaurus Varricchio p. 48
2002	Nomingia Maryanska et al. p. 101 fig. 1
2003	Nomingia Currie p. 57
2003	Elmisaurus Rauhut p. 40
2003	Nomingia Rauhut p. 40
2004	Nomingia Lü et al. p. 112 fig. 8
2004	Nomingia Osmólska et al. p. 166
2004	Elmisaurus Osmólska et al. p. 167
2005	Elmisaurus Lü and Zhang p. 417
2005	Nomingia Lü and Zhang p. 417
2009	Elmisaurus Balanoff et al. p. 2
2010	Nomingia Zanno p. 212
2011	Nomingia Sullivan et al. p. 428
2013	Nomingia Longrich et al. p. 36
2013	Elmisaurus Longrich et al. p. 41 fig. 14
2014	Elmisaurus Lamanna et al. p. 10 fig. 6
2014	Nomingia Lamanna et al. p. 10 fig. 6
2015	Elmisaurus Lü et al.
2015	Nomingia Lü et al.
2015	Elmisaurus Yao et al. p. 291
2016	Elmisaurus Funston and Currie p. 14
2017	Nomingia Tsuihiji et al. p. 10
2018	Elmisaurus Funston et al. p. 107
2018	Nomingia Funston et al. p. 114
2020	Elmisaurus Funston p. 136 fig. 20
2020	Nomingia Funston p. 136 fig. 20

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida

Rank	Name	Author
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
infraorder	Oviraptorosauria
family	Caenagnathidae
subfamily	Caenagnathinae
genus	Elmisaurus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Elmisaurus Osmolska 1981

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†Elmisaurus rarus Osmolska 1981

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Invalid names: Nomingia gobiensis Barsbold et al. 2000 [synonym]

Invalid names: Nomingia Barsbold et al. 2000 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
H. Osmolska 1981	Manus Chirostenotes-like with metacarpal I more than half the length of metacarpal II; two distal tarsals 3 and 4 coossified with each other and with metatarsus. Tarsal 4 with an upward process at lateral margin; cross-section of metatarsus semilunal. Metatarsals II, III and IV fused proximally.