PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Synthliboramphus

Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Alcidae

Taxonomy

Synthliboramphus was named by Brandt (1837). It is extant. Its type is Alca antiqua.

It was assigned to Laridae by Peterson (1999); to Alcinae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Smith (2011) and del Hoyo et al. (2014); and to Alcidae by Chandler (1990), Guthrie (1992) and Clements et al. (2017).

Species

S. antiquum, S. antiquus, S. craveri, S. hypoleucus, S. rineyi, S. scrippsi, S. wumizusume

Synonyms

Endomychura was named by Oberholser (1899). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Brachyramphus by Peters (1934); it was synonymized subjectively with Synthliboramphus by Clements et al. (2017).

It was assigned to Alcidae by Olson (1985) and Carroll (1988).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1837	Synthliboramphus Brandt p. 347
1899	Endomychura Oberholser
1930	Synthliboramphus Hay p. 344
1940	Synthliboramphus Wetmore p. 64
1956	Synthliboramphus Wetmore p. 80
1985	Endomychura Olson p. 183
1988	Endomychura Carroll
1990	Synthliboramphus Chandler p. 142
1992	Synthliboramphus Guthrie p. 323
1999	Synthliboramphus Peterson
2011	Synthliboramphus Smith p. 30 figs. Figure 14
2014	Synthliboramphus del Hoyo et al.
2017	Synthliboramphus Clements et al.

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
order	Charadriiformes	Huxley 1867
superfamily	Alcoidae	(Stejneger 1885)
family	Alcidae	Leach 1820
subfamily	Alcinae	Leach 1820
genus	Synthliboramphus	Brandt 1837

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Synthliboramphus Brandt 1837

show all | hide all

Synthliboramphus antiquum Gmelin 1789 [Ancient murrelet]

Synthliboramphus antiquus Gmelin 1789 [Ancient murrelet]

Synthliboramphus craveri Salvadori 1865 [Craveri's murrelet]

Synthliboramphus hypoleucus Xantas 1860 [Guadalupe murrelet]

†Synthliboramphus rineyi Chandler 1990

Synthliboramphus scrippsi Green and Arnold 1939 [Scripps's murrelet]

Synthliboramphus wumizusume Temminck 1835 [Japanese murrelet]

Invalid names: Endomychura Oberholser 1899 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2017-04-17 10:41:05

Modified:

2017-04-17 10:41:05

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Marsh 1875, Benton 1983

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Messinian to the top of the Holocene or 7.24600 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 5.333 Ma

Collections (32 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Mexico (Baja California)	S. sp. (45458)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Mexico (Baja California Sur)	Endomychura sp. (121127)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (California)	S. rineyi (177992 178006 178007 178021 178170)
Piacenzian	3.6 - 2.588	USA (California)	S. rineyi (19703)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	USA (California)	S. antiquus (176094 176095 176096) S. antiquus, S. scrippsi (176098)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (California)	S. antiquus (20639)
Rancholabrean	0.3 - 0.012	USA (California)	S. antiquus (84881)
Rancholabrean - Holocene	0.3 - 0.0	USA (California)	S. antiqus, S. hypoleucus (84904)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	S. antiquus (120827 120828 125235 125237) S. antiquus, S. hypoleucus (120829 120830 125234 125236 176102) S. antiquus, S. scrippsi (123918 215552)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico	Endomychura hypoleuca (192635)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Japan (Aomori)	S. antiquus (101898 210642)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	USA (Alaska)	S. antiquus (70587 177178 177179)