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Protowenella flemingi

Helcionelloida - Helcionellida - Helcionellidae

Taxonomy
Protowenella flemingi was named by Runnegar and Jell (1976) [DISTRIBUTION: Middle Cambrian; Australia.]. It is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is QML128. 6 km SSW of Thorntonia Homestead, which is in a Floran carbonate limestone in the Gowers Formation of Australia.

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1976Protowenella flemingi Runnegar and Jell
1978Protowenella flemingi Berg-Madsen and Peel pp. 119 - 120 figs. f. 4c-e, 6
2006Protowenella flemingi Wotte p. 151
2010Protowenella flemingi Vendrasco et al. p. 116 figs. txt. f. 3P-Q; pl. 8 f. 12 – 16
2023Protowenella flemingi Wagner p. 5433

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classHelcionelloidaPeel 1991
orderHelcionellida
superfamilyHelcionelloidea(Wenz 1938)
familyHelcionellidae
genusProtowenella
speciesflemingi

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Protowenella flemingi Runnegar and Jell 1976
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
M. J. Vendrasco et al. 2010Most internal moulds of Protowenella flemengi observed in this study have a relatively smooth surface, but faint striations parallel to growth lines are often visible, similar to but less distinct than the imprints of ‘fibers’ that occur on internal moulds of Pelagiella deltoides. A few specimens of P. flemingi preserve partial casts of the shell, and in these, bundles of fibres appear to have slightly different orientations (Pl. 8, figs 12, 15). It is not clear whether these bundles occur in the same or in different shell layers. If the latter, then it would suggest that P. flemingi, like P. deltoides, had lamello-fibrillar microstructure (with very thin lamellae, c. 1 lm thick). In general, the ‘fibers’ visible in these partial casts are roughly parallel to growth lines in the inner shell layer. Because the partial casts are so thin, possibly only capturing the innermost shell layer (Pl. 8, fig. 13), it is not clear whether P. flemingi, like P. deltoides, had an outer layer of ‘fibers’ oriented perpendicular to growth lines.