PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Throscidae

Insecta - Coleoptera - Throscidae

Taxonomy

Throscidae was named by Laporte (1840). It is extant.

It was assigned to Elateroidea by Crowson (1981), Lawrence and Newton (1995), Bouchard et al. (2011), Muona (2019), Muona et al. (2020) and Cai et al. (2022).

Subtaxa

Archaeolus, Aulonothroscus (syn. Throscites), Captopus, Electrothroscus, Jaira, Megacephalites, Pactopus, Palaeothroscini, Potergosoma, Potergus, Pseudopactopus, Pseudothroscus, Rhomboaspis, Throscinae, Trixagosoma, Trixagus (syn. Palaeothroscus, Throscus), Tyrannothroscus

Synonyms

Megocephalites was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Megocephalites eocenicus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Palaeothroscini was named by Yablokov-Khnzorian (1962).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Throscidae by Cobos (1963) and Muona (1993).

It was assigned to Throscinae by Yablokov-Khnzorian (1962).
Trixagidae was named by Gistel (1848). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Throscidae by Crowson (1981) and Bouchard et al. (2011).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1840	Throscidae Laporte
1848	Trixagidae Gistel
1962	Palaeothroscini Yablokov-Khnzorian p. 83
1981	Throscidae Crowson p. 696
1995	Throscidae Lawrence and Newton, Jr.
2002	Megocephalites Hong p. 120
2002	Megocephalites eocenicus Hong p. 121 figs. Pl 8, fig 3; text-fig 2.6.57-64
2011	Throscidae Bouchard et al.
2019	Throscidae Muona p. 527
2020	Throscidae Muona et al.
2022	Throscidae Cai et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924

Rank	Name	Author
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola
—	Aparaglossata
—	Neuropteriformia
—	Coleopterida
order	Coleoptera
—	Mesocoleoptera
—	Metacoleoptera
suborder	Polyphaga	Emery 1886
infraorder	Elateriformia	Crowson 1960
superfamily	Elateroidea
family	Throscidae	Laporte 1840
family	Throscidae	Laporte 1840

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Throscidae Laporte 1840

show all | hide all

G. †Archaeolus Lin 1986

†Archaeolus funestus Lin 1986

G. Aulonothroscus Horn 1890

Invalid names: Throscites Yablokov-Khnzorian 1962 [synonym]

G. †Captopus Li and Cai 2021

†Captopus depressiceps Li and Cai 2021

G. †Electrothroscus Li and Cai 2021

†Electrothroscus yanpingae Li and Cai 2021

G. †Jaira Muona 1993

†Jaira bella Muona 1993

G. Pactopus Leconte 1868

†Pactopus americanus Wickham 1914

†Pactopus avitus Britton 1960

†Pactopus burmensis Muona 2019

†Pactopus fafneri Muona 1993

†Pactopus fasolti Muona 1993

G. †Potergosoma Kovalev and Kirejtshuk 2013

†Potergosoma gratiosum Kovalev and Kirejtshuk 2013

G. Potergus de Bonvouloir 1871

†Potergus frohi Muona 1993

†Potergus logei Muona 1993

†Potergus superbus Muona 2019

G. †Pseudopactopus Li and Cai 2021

†Pseudopactopus robustus Li and Cai 2021

G. †Pseudothroscus Muona 2019

†Pseudothroscus balticus Muona 2019

G. †Rhomboaspis Kovalev and Kirejtshuk 2013

†Rhomboaspis laticollis Kovalev and Kirejtshuk 2013

G. †Trixagosoma Li et al. 2020

†Trixagosoma guangyuani Li et al. 2020

G. Trixagus Kugelann 1794

†Trixagus barclayi Kirejtshuk 2019

†Trixagus majusculus Kovalev et al. 2012

†Trixagus parvulus Muona 2019

Trixagus sericeus Le Conte 1868

†Trixagus sosnovskyi Yablokov-Khnzorian 1962

Invalid names: Palaeothroscus Yablokov-Khnzorian 1962 [synonym], Throscus Latreille 1796 [synonym]

G. †Tyrannothroscus Muona 2019

†Tyrannothroscus rex Muona 2019

Invalid names: Megacephalites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Palaeothroscini Yablokov-Khnzorian 1962 [invalid subgroup], Throscinae Laporte 1840 [empty], Trixagidae Gistel 1848 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Toarcian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 182.70000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 174.1 Ma

Collections (25 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Toarcian	182.7 - 174.1	China (Guangxi)	Archaeolus funestus (151540)
Early/Lower Barremian	130.0 - 125.45	Lebanon	Potergosoma gratiosa (122471) Rhomboaspis laticollis (123416) T. gen. et. sp. 1 (146535) T. gen. et. sp. 2 (123435)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Myanmar	Captopus depressiceps, Electrothroscus yanpingae, Pseudopactopus robustus, Trixagosoma guangyuani (161726) Pactopus burmensis (200411)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Oise)	Trixagus majusculus (123850)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	China (Liaoning)	Megocephalites eocenicus (124820)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	United Kingdom (England)	Pactopus avitus (126591)
MP 13	48.6 - 40.4	Germany (Eifel)	Throscidae indet. (135641 135643 138912)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	United Kingdom (England)	Throscidae indet., Trixagus barclayi (123959)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Denmark	Aulonothroscus sp., Jaira bella (123762)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Pseudothroscus balticus, Tyrannothroscus rex, Potergus superbus, Trixagus parvulus (200410) Trixagus sp., Aulonothroscus sp., Potergus frohi, Potergus logei, Pactopus fasolti, Pactopus fafneri (147612)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Germany (Halle)	Throscidae indet., Potergus frohi (129227)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Lithuania	Throscites tschitscherini, Palaeothroscus sosnovskyi (113470)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Pactopus americanus (113749)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	Russian Federation	Throscus peritulus (113705)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	United Kingdom	Throscus dermestoides (168265) Throscus sp. (168267 168268)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Colorado)	Trixagus sericeus (169345)