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Choristida

Demospongiae

Taxonomy
Choristida was named by Sollas (1888) [also said to be 1880]. It is extant.

It was reranked as the subclass Choristida by Finks et al. (2004).

It was assigned to Tetractinomorpha by Rigby and Smith (1992); and to Demospongea by Finks et al. (2004).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1888Choristida Sollas
1992Choristida Rigby and Smith p. 407
2004Choristida Finks et al. p. 175

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
phylumPoriferaGrant 1836
classDemospongiae(Sollas 1875)
RankNameAuthor
subclassChoristida(Sollas 1888)
subclassChoristida(Sollas 1888)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subcl. Choristida Sollas 1888
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Or. Ancorinida Reid 1968
+
Fm. Ancorinidae Schmidt 1870
+
Subfm. Ancorininae Schmidt 1870
+
G. Ancorina Schmidt 1862
G. †Discispongia Kolb 1910
G. Ecionemia Bowerbank 1862
Subfm. †Stellettinae Carter 1875
+
G. Penares Gray 1867
G. †Prostolleya Lagneau-Herenger 1952
+
†Prostolleya cylindrata Lagneau-Herenger 1952
G. Stelletta Schmidt 1862
+
Subg. †Stelletta (Stolleya) Schrammen 1899
Fm. Geodiidae Gray 1867
+
Subfm. Erylinae Sollas 1888
+
G. Erylus Gray 1867
+
Subg. Erylus (Erylus) Reid 2004
Subg. Erylus (Triate) Gray 1867
G. Prodactylocalycites Reid 2004
+
Invalid names: Dactylocalycites [replaced]
Subfm. †Geodiinae Gray 1867
+
G. Caminus Schmidt 1862
G. †Conciliaspongia Robinson and Haslett 1995
G. †Cydonium Fleming 1828
G. Geodia Lamarck 1815
+
†Geodia avicula Brimaud and Vachard 1986
†Geodia harmatuki Finks et al. 2011
G. †Geodiopsis Schrammen 1910
+
†Geodiopsis cretacea Schrammen 1899
†Geodiopsis microthrinax Schrammen 1910
G. †Geoditesia Zhuravleva 1962
+
Invalid names: Geodites Carter 1871 [replaced]
G. Pachymatisma Bowerbank 1842
G. †Rhaxella
Fm. †Paelospongiidae Mostler 1986
+
G. †Actinospongiella Finks et al. 2004
+
†Actinospongiella hexagona Mostler 1986
Invalid names: Actinospongia Mostler 1986 [replaced]
G. †Paelospongia Mostler 1986
+
†Paelospongia longiradiata Mostler 1986
†Paelospongia procera Mostler 1986
†Paelospongia turgida Mostler 1986
Fm. †Cephaloraphiditidae Reid 1968
+
G. †Cephaloraphidites Schrammen 1899
+
†Cephaloraphidites cavernosus Schrammen 1899
G. †Cerberorhaphidites Finks et al. 2011
+
†Cerberorhaphidites auriformis Finks et al. 2011
G. †Euleraphe Schrammen 1937
+
†Euleraphe incrustans Schrammen 1937
G. †Heteroraphidites Schrammen 1901
+
†Heteroraphidites spongiosus Schrammen 1901
G. †Megaloraphium Schrammen 1910
+
†Megaloraphium auriforme Schrammen 1910
G. †Polytretia Schrammen 1910
+
†Polytretia seriatopora Schrammen 1910
Invalid names: Ophiraphiditidae Schrammen 1903 [synonym]
Or. Craniellida Reid 1968
+
Fm. Tetillidae Sollas 1886
+
G. Craniella Schmidt 1870
G. †Paracinachyrella Lukowiak et al. 2014
+
†Paracinachyrella fossilis Lukowiak et al. 2014
G. †Tetillopsis Schrammen 1910
+
†Tetillopsis doeringi Schrammen 1910
†Tetillopsis longitridens Schrammen 1910
Fm. †Helminthophyllidae Schrammen 1937
+
G. †Helminthophyllum Schrammen 1937
+
†Helminthophyllum feifeli Schrammen 1937
Or. †Pachastrellida Reid 2004
+
Fm. †Costamorphiidae Mostler 1986
+
G. †Costamorpha Mostler 1986
+
†Costamorpha tetraradiata Mostler 1986
†Costamorpha zlambachensis Mostler 1986
Fm. Pachastrellidae Carter 1875
+
G. Brachiaster Wilson 1925
+
†Brachiaster claudelevii Pisera and Bitner 2007
Subfm. Calthropellinae von Lendenfeld 1907
+
Subfm. Halininae de Laubenfels 1934
+
G. Dercitus Gray 1967
+
Invalid names: Halina Bowerbank 1858 [synonym]
G. Triptolemma de Laubenfels 1955
G. †Helobrachium Schrammen 1910
+
†Helobrachium consecatum Schrammen 1910
Subfm. Pachastrellinae Carter 1875
+
G. Nethea Sollas 1888
G. †Propachastrella Schrammen 1910
+
†Propachastrella primaeva Zittel 1878
G. †Youngella
Fm. Theneidae Gray 1872
+
G. Thenea Gray 1967
G. †Theneopsis Schrammen 1910
Or. †Plakinida Reid 1968
+
Fm. †Acanthastrellidae Schrammen 1924
+
+
G. Acanthoplakina Burton 1959
Fm. †Scolioraphididae Zittel 1879
+
G. †Scolioraphis Zittel 1878
+
†Scolioraphis anastomans Zittel 1878
G. Ungulaspongia Mostler 1996
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: silicac
Locomotion: stationaryc
Attached: yesc
Life habit: intermediate-level epifaunalc
Diet: suspension feederc
Vision: blindc
Created: 2004-02-28 11:36:02
Modified: 2009-10-09 09:25:40
Source: c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Whittington et al. 1997

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Fassanian to the top of the Tortonian or 242.00000 to 7.24600 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 235.0 Ma

Collections (63 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Fassanian242.0 - 235.0Italy (Veneto) Paelospongia procera (117020)
Norian - Rhaetian228.0 - 201.3Oman Paelospongia turgida (125287)
Sevatian212.0 - 205.6Austria Paelospongia longiradiata, Costamorpha tetraradiata (116895) Paelospongia turgida (116897)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Austria Actinospongia hexagona (116898) Costamorpha zlambachensis (116899)
Early/Lower Bathonian167.7 - 164.7France (Alsace) Prostolleya cylindrata (114662)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Poland Ophiodesia sp. (60856)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Germany (Bavaria) Discispongia unica (25411)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Portugal Geodia sp., Plakinidae indet. (68246)
Middle Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7United Kingdom (England) Rhaxella sp. (22737 22816)
Middle Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7United Kingdom (Yorkshire) Rhaxella sp. (22785)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Germany Helminthophyllum feifeli (74063)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Portugal Plakinidae indet. (68248)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Lower Saxony) Rhaxella sorbyana, Pachastrellidae indet. (24127)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0United Kingdom Pachastrella sp., Rhaxella sp. (68088)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Russian Federation (Moskovskaya Oblast) Discispongia sp. (114679)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0United Kingdom (England) Geodites sp. (1839) Geodites wrighti (1838)
Albian113.0 - 100.5United Kingdom (England) Stelletta inclusa (1844)
Early/Lower Albian112.03 - 109.0United Kingdom (England) Geodites sp. (1785)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Germany (Niedersachsen) Ophiraphidites annulatus (110533) Propachastrella primaeva (110531)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Germany (Bayern) Propachastrella sp., Ophiraphidites annulatus (114012)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Scolioraphis tesselata (110612)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Germany (Niedersachsen) Theneopsis steinmanni, Tetillopsis doeringi, Tetillopsis longitridens, Stolleya microtulipa, Stolleya ornatissima, Stolleya florida, Propachastrella primaeva, Geodiopsis cretacea, Geodiopsis microthrinax, Ophiraphidites tuberosus, Ophiraphidites annulatus, Ophiraphidites cylindricus, Ophiraphidites infundibuliformis, Cephaloraphidites cavernosus, Cephaloraphidites milleporatus, Polytretia seriatopora, Megaloraphium auriforme, Helobrachium consecatum, Heteroraphidites spongiosus (110530)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Poland Geodia sp., Euleraphe incrustans, Propachastrella primaeva (110120) Propachastrella primaeva (110122 110330)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Ophiraphidites infundibuliformis, Scolioraphis anastomans (112628)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany Propachastrella primaeva, Scolioraphis anastomans (64215)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Theneopsis steinmanni, Stolleya microtulipa, Stolleya ornatissima, Propachastrella primaeva, Geodiopsis microthrinax, Ophiraphidites ramosus, Ophiraphidites tuberosus, Ophiraphidites cylindricus, Ophiraphidites infundibuliformis (31993)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Alabama) Geodia sp. (91024)
Teurian - Waipawan66.0 - 53.0New Zealand Stelletta sp., Penares micraster, Penares palmatoclada, Penares sp. (110069)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Geodia sp. (41893 41894 41895 41896 41945 41947 41948 41950 41951 41952 41953)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Ukraine Pachastrellidae indet. (229623)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) Cerberorhaphidites auriformis, Stelletta silvigera, Geodia harmatuki (119416)
Bartonian - Priabonian41.3 - 33.9USA (North Carolina) Ophiraphidites hadros, Ophiraphidites infundibuliformis (110071)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Ukraine Erylus sp., Geodia sp., Stelletta sp., Pachastrellidae indet., Triptolemma sp. (229619) Pachastrellidae indet. (229620)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Australia (Western Australia) Brachiaster claudelevii (110118)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03North Atlantic Geodia sp. (121375 121377)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03North Atlantic Geodia sp. (121376 121378)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Slovakia Geodiidae indet., Tetillidae indet., Theneidae indet., Paracinachyrella fossilis (147807)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Algeria Pachastrella sp. (114102)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Portugal Erylus sp., Geodia sp., Pachastrellidae indet., Ancorinidae indet. (117021)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Spain (Andalusia) Geodia avicula (116135) Pachastrella sp. (110114)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Spain (Murcia) Geodia avicula (116131 116132)