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Whippomorpha

Mammalia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1999Whippomorpha Waddell et al. p. 2
2000Cetancodonta Arnason et al. p. 569
2003Cetancodonta Boisserie et al. p. 2
2004Cetancodonta Arnason et al. p. 33
2005Whippomorpha Boisserie et al.
2008Cetancodonta Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2
2009Cetancodonta Spaulding et al. p. 3 figs. Table 1
2009Cetancodontamorpha Spaulding et al. p. 3 figs. Table 1
2010Whippomorpha Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. Figure 1
2010Cetancodonta Weston and Boisserie p. 853
2011Cetancodonta Boisserie et al. p. 620 figs. Table 1
2011Whippomorpha Uhen et al. p. 957
2015Cetancodonta Lihoreau et al. p. 2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Whippomorpha
—Whippomorpha

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Whippomorpha Waddell et al. 1999
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Or. Cetacea Brisson 1762 [whale]
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Fm. †Ambulocetidae Thewissen et al. 1996
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G. †Ambulocetus Thewissen et al. 1994
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†Ambulocetus natans Thewissen et al. 1994
G. †Gandakasia Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
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†Gandakasia potens Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
Subor. Anodontocete Scott 1873
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Invalid names: Agaphelidae Gray 1870 [empty]
Unr. †Archaeoceti Flower 1883
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Invalid names: Basilosauroidea Mitchell 1989 [empty], Hydrothereuta Ameghino 1889 [objective synonym], Zeuglodonta Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Zeuglodontia Pictet 1853 [synonym]
G. †Archaeocetus Sinzow 1898
G. †Loncodelphis Allen 1924
G. †Nanisocetus Kellogg 1929
Subor. Odontocetoidea Brandt 1874
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Unr. †Diaphorodontina Brandt 1874
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Invalid names: Gymnorhinidae Brandt 1874 [empty]
Unr. Homoeodontina Brandt 1874
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Invalid names: Hypognathodontidae Brandt 1874 [empty]
Fm. †Pakicetidae Thewissen et al. 1996
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G. †Himalayacetus Bajpai and Gingerich 1998
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†Himalayacetus subathuensis Bajpai and Gingerich 1998
G. †Ichthyolestes Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
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†Ichthyolestes pinfoldi Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958
G. †Nalacetus Thewissen and Hussain 1998
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†Nalacetus ratimitus Thewissen and Hussain 1998
G. †Pakicetus Gingerich and Russell 1981
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†Pakicetus attocki West 1980
†Pakicetus calcis Cooper et al. 2009
†Pakicetus chittas Cooper et al. 2009
†Pakicetus inachus Gingerich and Russell 1981
Unr. Pelagiceti Uhen 2008
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Fm. †Basilosauridae Cope 1867
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G. †Ancalecetus Gingerich and Uhen 1996
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†Ancalecetus simonsi Gingerich and Uhen 1996
Subfm. †Basilosaurinae Miller 1923
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Invalid names: Zeuglodontinae Slijper 1936 [synonym]
G. †Basilosaurus Harlan 1834
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†Basilosaurus cetoides Owen 1839
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Invalid names: Alabamornis gigantea Abel 1906 [synonym], Hydrarchos sillimani Wyman 1845 [synonym], Hydrargos sillimanii Koch 1845 [synonym], Zeuglodon ceti Wyman 1845 [synonym], Zeuglodon harlani De Kay 1842 [synonym], Zeuglodon macrospondylus Müller 1849 [synonym]
†Basilosaurus isis Andrews 1904
Invalid names: Alabamornis Abel 1906 [synonym], Basilosaurus puschi Brandt 1873 [nomen dubium], Hydrarchos Koch 1845 [synonym], Hydrarchus Muller 1849 [synonym], Hydrargos Koch 1845 [synonym], Zeuglodon Owen 1839 [objective synonym], Zugodon Scudder 1882 [synonym], Zygodon Owen 1839 [synonym]
G. †Basiloterus Gingerich et al. 1997
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†Basiloterus hussaini Gingerich et al. 1997
G. †Chrysocetus Uhen and Gingerich 2001
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†Chrysocetus fouadassii Gingerich and Zouhri 2015
†Chrysocetus healyorum Uhen and Gingerich 2001
G. †Cynthiacetus Uhen 2005
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†Cynthiacetus maxwelli Uhen 2005
†Cynthiacetus peruvianus Martinez-Cáceres and Muizon 2011
G. †Dorudon Gibbes 1845
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†Dorudon atrox Andrews 1906
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Invalid names: Dorudon intermedius Dart 1923 [synonym], Dorudon stromeri Kellogg 1928 [synonym]
†Dorudon serratus Gibbes 1845
Invalid names: Prozeuglodon Andrews 1906 [synonym]
G. †Masracetus Gingerich 2007
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†Masracetus markgrafi Gingerich 2007
G. †Ocucajea Uhen et al. 2011
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†Ocucajea picklingi Uhen et al. 2011
Subfm. †Pachycetinae Gingerich et al. 2022
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G. †Antaecetus Gingerich et al. 2022
G. †Pachycetus Van Beneden 1883
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Invalid names: Basilotritus Goldin and Zvonok 2013 [synonym], Platyosphys Kellogg 1936 [synonym]
G. †Perucetus Bianucci et al. 2023
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†Perucetus colossus Bianucci et al. 2023
G. †Saghacetus Gingerich 1992
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†Saghacetus osiris Dames 1894
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Invalid names: Dorudon elliotsmithii Dart 1923 [synonym], Dorudon sensitivus Dart 1923 [synonym], Dorudon zitteli Stromer 1903 [synonym]
G. †Stromerius Gingerich 2007
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†Stromerius nidensis Gingerich 2007
G. †Supayacetus Uhen et al. 2011
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†Supayacetus muizoni Uhen et al. 2011
G. †Tutcetus Antar et al. 2023
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†Tutcetus rayanensis Antar et al. 2023
G. †Zygorhiza True 1908
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†Zygorhiza kochii Carus 1847
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Invalid names: Zeuglodon brachyspondylum Abel 1914 [synonym], Zeuglodon hydrarchus Carus 1849 [synonym], Zygorhiza brachyspondylus True 1908 [synonym], Zygorhiza minor True 1908 [synonym]
Invalid names: Balaenoptera juddi Seeley 1881 [nomen dubium], Dorudontinae Miller 1923 [invalid subgroup], Hydrarchidae Bonaparte 1850 [synonym], Hydrarchina Bonaparte 1850 [synonym], Pachycetus humilis Van Beneden 1883 [invalid subgroup], Pontogeneus Leidy 1852 [nomen dubium], Pontogeneus brachyspondylus Müller 1849 [nomen dubium], Prozeuglodontidae Moustafa 1954 [synonym], Stegorhinidae Brandt 1873 [synonym], Stromeriinae Gingerich 2007 [empty], Sulaimanitherium Malkani et al. 2013 [nomen dubium], Zeuglodontidae Bonaparte 1849 [synonym]
Unr. †Kekenodontidae Mitchell 1989
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G. †Kekenodon Hector 1881
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†Kekenodon onamata Hector 1881
G. †Tohoraonepu Corrie and Fordyce 2024
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†Tohoraonepu nihokaiwaiu Corrie and Fordyce 2024
Invalid names: Squalodon gambierensis Glaessner 1955 [invalid subgroup]
Unr. Neoceti Fordyce and de Muizon 2001
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G. †Microzeuglodon Stromer 1903
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†Microzeuglodon caucasicum Lydekker 1892
Subor. Mysticeti Cope 1891
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Fm. †Aetiocetidae Emlong 1966
Superfm. †Aetiocetoidea Sanders and Barnes 2002
G. †Borealodon Shipps et al. 2019
Unr. Chaeomysticeti Mitchell 1989
Fm. †Coronodonidae Boessenecker et al. 2023
G. †Horopeta Tsai and Fordyce 2015
Fm. †Llanocetidae Mitchell 1989
G. †Maiabalaena Peredo et al. 2018
Fm. †Mammalodontidae Mitchell 1989
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Invalid names: Janjucetidae Fitzgerald 2006 [synonym]
G. †Metasqualodon Hall 1911
Fm. †Mystacodontidae Lambert et al. 2017
G. †Toipahautea Tsai and Fordyce 2018
G. †Whakakai Tsai and Fordyce 2016
Invalid names: Amphitera Gigoli 1870 [nomen dubium], Aulocetus calaritanus Capellini 1899 [invalid subgroup], Aulocetus lovisati Capellini 1899 [invalid subgroup], Balaena cortesii Fischer 1829 [invalid subgroup], Balaena simpsoni Phillipi 1887 [nomen nudum], Burtinopsis Van Beneden 1872 [nomen dubium], Cetotheriomorphus Brandt 1873 [nomen dubium], Crenaticeti Mitchell 1989 [invalid subgroup], Eschrichtioidea Mitchell 1989 [empty], Eschrichtius expansus Cope 1868 [nomen dubium], Eschrichtius leptocentrus Cope 1867 [nomen dubium], Eschrichtius pusillus Cope 1868 [nomen vanum], Kinetomenta Gatesy et al. 2022 [empty], Mauicetus brevicollis Marples 1956 [invalid subgroup], Mesoteras Cope 1870 [nomen dubium], Mesoteras kerrianus Cope 1870 [nomen dubium], Mioceta Deraniyagala 1967 [nomen dubium], Mystacoceti Flower 1867 [synonym], Mysticete Gray 1864 [synonym], Plesiocetus Van Beneden 1859 [nomen dubium], Probalaena Du Bus 1867 [nomen dubium], Pterobalaenidae Gray 1870 [empty], Rhegnopsis Cope 1896 [nomen dubium], Siphonocetus Cope 1895 [nomen dubium], Squalodon serratus Davis 1888 [invalid subgroup], Tretulias Cope 1895 [nomen dubium], Tretulias buccatus Cope 1895 [nomen dubium], Ulias Cope 1895 [nomen dubium]
Subor. Odontoceti Flower 1867 [toothed whale]
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Fm. †Acrodelphinidae Abel 1905
Unr. Amblyoccipita Boessenecker and Geisler 2023
G. †Argyrocetus Lydekker 1894
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Invalid names: Doliodelphis Wilson 1935 [synonym]
G. †Atropatenocetus Aslanova 1977
G. †Aureia Meekin et al. 2024
G. †Caolodelphis Godfrey and Lambert 2023
Fm. Champsodelphinidae Rice 1998
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Invalid names: Champsodelphidae Scott 1873 [replaced]
G. †Chilcacetus Lambert et al. 2015
Infraor. Delphinida Muizon 1984
G. †Ediscetus Albright et al. 2018
G. †Enigmatocetus Godfrey and Lambert 2023
Infraor. †Eurhinodelphinida Fordyce and de Muizon 2001
Fm. †Eurhinodelphinidae Abel 1901
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Invalid names: Rhabdosteidae Gill 1871 [synonym]
G. †Graamocetus Hoch 2004
Fm. †Inticetidae Lambert et al. 2017
G. †Kharthlidelphis Mchedlidze and Pilleri 1988
G. †Macrodelphinus Wilson 1935
G. †Microcetus Kellogg 1923
G. †Nannolithax Kellogg 1931
G. †Neosqualodon Dal Piaz 1904
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Invalid names: Microsqualodon Abel 1905 [synonym]
G. †Oedolithax Kellogg 1931
G. †Oligodelphis Aslanova and Mchedlidze 1976
Fm. †Patriocetidae Abel 1914
G. †Phoberodon Cabrera 1926
G. †Phococetus Gervais 1876
Superfm. Physeteroidea Gray 1868
Unr. †Platanidelphidi Bianucci et al. 2020
Superfm. Platanistoidea Simpson 1945
G. †Prosqualodon Lydekker 1894
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Invalid names: Postsqualodon Stromer 1908 [synonym], Proinia True 1909 [synonym]
G. †Rhabodosteus Cope 1867
G. †Romaleodelphis Sanchez-Posada et al. 2024
G. †Sachalinocetus Siryk and Dubrovo 1970
G. †Sulakocetus Mchedlidze 1976
Fm. †Xenorophidae Uhen 2008
Superfm. Ziphioidea Gray 1850
Invalid names: Agorophioidea Gingerich 2005 [empty], Agriocetus Abel 1914 [nomen dubium], Ashleycetidae Sanders and Geisler 2015 [empty], Balaenodon Owen 1846 [nomen dubium], Belosphys Cope 1875 [nomen dubium], Berardiopsis Portis 1886 [nomen dubium], Cetophis Cope 1868 [nomen dubium], Champsodelphis Gervais 1852 [nomen dubium], Colophonodon Leidy 1853 [nomen dubium], Delphinapterus orcinus Cope 1875 [nomen dubium], Delphinoceti Abel 1914 [empty], Delphinodon mento Cope 1867 [invalid subgroup], Delphinopsis Muller 1853 [nomen dubium], Delphinorhynchus Blainville 1817 [nomen dubium], Delphinus domeykoi Phillipi 1887 [nomen nudum], Delphinus restitutensis Depéret 1887 [nomen dubium], Delphinus vanzelleri Fourtau 1918 [nomen dubium], Denticete Gray 1864 [synonym], Dinoziphius Van Beneden and Gervais 1868 [nomen dubium], Eurhinodelphis minoensis Okazaki 1976 [nomen dubium], Eurhinodelphis sassariensis Capellini 1887 [nomen dubium], Graphiodon Leidy 1870 [nomen dubium], Helvicetus Pilleri 1986 [nomen dubium], Helvicetus rugosus Pilleri 1986 [nomen dubium], Hesperocetus True 1912 [nomen dubium], Hesperoinia Monchamart Zei 1956 [nomen dubium], Homaeocetus Du Bus 1867 [nomen dubium], Homocetus villersii Du Bus 1867 [nomen dubium], Hyperoodontoidea Moore 1968 [empty], Ixacanthus Cope 1868 [nomen dubium], Lonchodelphis Allen 1924 [nomen dubium], Macrochirifer Brandt 1874 [nomen dubium], Mesoplodontidae Scott 1873 [empty], Miokogia Pilleri 1986 [nomen dubium], Miotursiops Deraniyagala 1969 [nomen dubium], Mirocetidae Sanders and Geisler 2015 [empty], Monodontoidea Fraser and Purves 1960 [empty], Odontoceta Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Oligosqualodon Rothausen 1970 [nomen dubium], Palaeoziphius Abel 1905 [nomen dubium], Pandelphinida May-Collado et al. 2007 [empty], Panphyseteroidea Velez-Juarbe et al. 2015 [empty], Parapontoporiidae Barnes 1984 [empty], Parasqualodon Hall 1911 [nomen dubium], Pelodelphis Kellogg 1955 [nomen dubium], Phoca debilis Leidy 1857 [nomen dubium], Phoca rugosidens Adams 1879 [nomen dubium], Physetodon McCoy 1879 [nomen dubium], Platanistida Fordyce and de Muizon 2001 [empty], Platydelphis Du Bus 1872 [nomen dubium], Pontivaga Ameghino 1891 [nomen dubium], Priscodelphinus Leidy 1851 [nomen dubium], Priscodelphinus teres Du Bus 1872 [nomen nudum], Priscophyseter Portis 1886 [nomen dubium], Prolipotes Zhou et al. 1984 [nomen dubium], Prophyseter Abel 1905 [nomen dubium], Proterocetus Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium], Rhabdosteoidea Gill 1872 [empty], Rhabdosteus Cope 1867 [nomen dubium], Saurocetus Agassiz 1848 [nomen dubium], Saurocetus gibbesii Agassiz 1848 [invalid subgroup], Scaptodon Chapman 1918 [nomen dubium], Scaptodon lodderi Chapman 1918 [nomen dubium], Squaloceti Abel 1914 [empty], Squalodelphis pusillus Ginsburg and Janvier 1971 [nomen dubium], Squalodon (Microzeuglodon) wingei Ravn 1926 [nomen dubium], Squalodon crassus Allen 1926 [nomen dubium], Squalodon kelloggi Rothausen 1968 [nomen dubium], Squalodon pelagius Leidy 1869 [nomen dubium], Squalodon wymanii Cope 1867 [invalid subgroup], Squalodontoidea Simpson 1945 [empty], Stereodelphis Gervais 1852 [nomen dubium], Synrhina Geisler et al. 2011 [empty], Tretosphys Cope 1868 [nomen dubium], Tretosphys uraeus Cope 1869 [nomen dubium], Uncamentodon Rothausen 1970 [nomen nudum], Zignodelphinidae Pilleri 1989 [empty]
Invalid names: Autoceta Haeckel 1866 [synonym]
Invalid names: Metasqualodon harwoodi Sanger 1881 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Protocetidae Stromer 1908
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G. †Aegyptocetus Bianucci and Gingerich 2011
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†Aegyptocetus tarfa Bianucci and Gingerich 2011
G. †Artiocetus Gingerich et al. 2001
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†Artiocetus clavis Gingerich et al. 2001
G. †Babiacetus Trivedy and Satsangi 1984
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†Babiacetus indicus Trivedy and Satsangi 1984
†Babiacetus mishrai Bajpai and Thewissen 1998
G. †Carolinacetus Geisler et al. 2005
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†Carolinacetus gingerichi Geisler et al. 2005
G. †Crenatocetus McLeod and Barnes 2008
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†Crenatocetus rayi McLeod and Barnes 2008
G. †Dhedacetus Bajpai and Thewissen 2014
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†Dhedacetus hyaeni Bajpai and Thewissen 2014
G. †Eocetus Fraas 1904
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†Eocetus drazindai Gingerich et al. 1997
†Eocetus schweinfurthi Fraas 1904
Invalid names: Mesocetus Fraas 1904 [replaced]
G. †Gaviacetus Gingerich et al. 1995
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†Gaviacetus razai Gingerich et al. 1995
Subfm. †Georgiacetinae Gingerich et al. 2005
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G. †Aegicetus Gingerich 2019
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†Aegicetus gehennae Gingerich 2019
G. †Georgiacetus Hulbert et al. 1998
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†Georgiacetus vogtlensis Hulbert et al. 1998
G. †Indocetus Sahni and Mishra 1975
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†Indocetus ramani Sahni and Mishra 1975
G. †Kharodacetus Bajpai and Thewissen 2014
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†Kharodacetus sahnii Bajpai and Thewissen 1998
G. †Maiacetus Gingerich et al. 2009
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†Maiacetus inuus Gingerich et al. 2009
G. †Makaracetus Gingerich et al. 2005
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†Makaracetus bidens Gingerich et al. 2005
G. †Natchitochia Uhen 1998
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†Natchitochia jonesi Uhen 1998
G. †Pappocetus Andrews 1920
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†Pappocetus lugardi Andrews 1920
G. †Peregocetus Lambert et al. 2019
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†Peregocetus pacificus Lambert et al. 2019
G. †Phiomicetus Gohar et al. 2021
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†Phiomicetus anubis Gohar et al. 2021
G. †Protocetus Fraas 1904
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†Protocetus atavus Fraas 1904
Invalid names: Protocetus atavus Fraas 1904 [valid]
G. †Qaisracetus Gingerich et al. 2001
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†Qaisracetus arifi Gingerich et al. 2001
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Invalid names: Qaisracetus spinalis Gingerich et al. 2001 [objective synonym]
G. †Rodhocetus Gingerich et al. 1994
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†Rodhocetus balochistanensis Gingerich et al. 2001
†Rodhocetus kasranii Gingerich et al. 1994
G. †Takracetus Gingerich et al. 1995
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†Takracetus simus Gingerich et al. 1995
G. †Togocetus Gingerich and Cappetta 2014
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†Togocetus traversei Gingerich and Cappetta 2014
G. †Tupelocetus Gibson et al. 2019
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†Tupelocetus palmeri Gibson et al. 2019
Invalid names: Indocetinae Gingerich et al. 1993 [empty], Makaracetinae Gingerich et al. 2005 [empty], Pappocetinae McLeod and Barnes 2008 [empty], Protocetinae Gingerich and Russell 1990 [empty]
G. †Protocetus Fraas 1904
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†Protocetus atavus Fraas 1904
Invalid names: Protocetus atavus Fraas 1904 [valid]
Fm. †Remingtonocetidae Kumar and Sahni 1986
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Subfm. †Andrewsiphiinae Thewissen and Bajpai 2009
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G. †Andrewsiphius Sahni and Mishra 1975
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†Andrewsiphius sloani Sahni and Mishra 1972
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Invalid names: Andrewsiphius kutchensis Sahni and Mishra 1975 [synonym]
G. †Kutchicetus Bajpai and Thewissen 2000
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†Kutchicetus minimus Bajpai and Thewissen 2000
G. †Rayanistes Bebej et al. 2015
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†Rayanistes afer Bebej et al. 2015
Subfm. †Remingtonocetinae Thewissen and Bajpai 2009
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G. †Attockicetus Thewissen and Hussain 2000
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†Attockicetus praecursor Thewissen and Hussain 2000
G. †Dalanistes Gingerich et al. 1995
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†Dalanistes ahmedi Gingerich et al. 1995
G. †Remingtonocetus Kumar and Sahni 1986
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†Remingtonocetus domandaensis Gingerich et al. 2001
†Remingtonocetus harudiensis Sahni and Mishra 1975
G. †Tretosphrys Cope 1868
Invalid names: Anarnak Illiger 1811 [nomen dubium], Argyrocetidae Lydekker 1894 [empty], Balaenodea Brandt 1874 [empty], Balaenodontae Bronn 1853 [empty], Balaenoidorum Brandt 1874 [empty], Berardiopsis miocaenus Koch 1899 [nomen dubium], Berardiopsis pliocaenus Portis 1886 [nomen dubium], Canis primigenius Lankester 1864 [nomen dubium], Carnivorae Gray 1821 [synonym], Cetotheriomorphus dubius Brandt 1873 [nomen dubium], Cetotherium priscum Eichwald 1840 [nomen dubium], Cetotolites McCoy 1879 [nomen dubium], Globicephalus eocaenus Ameghino 1901 [nomen nudum], Halicore maximovitschii Rogovich 1875 [nomen nudum], Manatus giganteus DeKay 1842 [nomen dubium], Mystacoceta Ameghino 1889 [empty], Neoballaenidae Miller 1923 [empty], Otaria leclercii Delfortrie 1872 [nomen dubium], Oxypterus Rafinesque 1814 [nomen dubium], Palaeocetus Seeley 1865 [nomen dubium], Proteroceta Ameghino 1889 [empty], Protocetoidea Mitchell 1989 [empty], Remingtonocetoidea Mitchell 1989 [empty], Rhynchoceti Eschricht 1849 [empty], Zeugloceta Haeckel 1866 [empty], Ziphius (Dolichodon) geelongensis McCoy 1882 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. Hippopotamoidea Gray 1821
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G. †Anthracothema Pilgrim 1928
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†Anthracothema lijiangensis Zong and Chen 1996
Fm. †Anthracotheriidae Leidy 1869 [anthracothere]
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G. †Aepinacodon Troxell 1921
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†Aepinacodon americanus Leidy 1856
†Aepinacodon deflectus Marsh 1890
†Aepinacodon rostratus Scott 1894
G. †Afromeryx Pickford 1991
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†Afromeryx zelteni Pickford 1991
G. †Ancodon Pomel 1847
G. †Anthracochoerus Dal Piaz 1930
G. †Anthracosenex Zdansky 1930
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†Anthracosenex ambiguus Zdansky 1930
Subfm. †Anthracotheriinae Leidy 1869
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G. †Anthracokeryx Pilgrim and Cotter 1916
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†Anthracokeryx birmanicus Pilgrim and Cotter 1916
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Invalid names: Anthracokeryx hospes Pilgrim 1928 [synonym]
†Anthracokeryx litangensis Zong and Chen 1996
†Anthracokeryx naduongensis Ducrocq et al. 2015
†Anthracokeryx sinensis Zdansky 1930
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Invalid names: Anthracokeryx dawsoni Wang 1985 [synonym]
†Anthracokeryx tenuis Pilgrim and Cotter 1916
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Invalid names: Anthracokeryx bambusae Pilgrim 1928 [synonym], Anthracokeryx myaingensis Pilgrim 1928 [synonym], Anthracokeryx ulnifer Pilgrim 1928 [synonym]
G. †Anthracotherium Cuvier 1822
+
+
Invalid names: Heothema media Tang 1978 [synonym], Heothema nanningensis Zhao 1981 [synonym]
†Anthracotherium bugtiense Pilgrim 1907
†Anthracotherium chaimanei Ducrocq 1999
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Invalid names: Heothema angnsticalxia Tang 1978 [synonym], Heothema youngi Zhao 1983 [synonym]
†Anthracotherium crassum Pilgrim and Cotter 1916
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Invalid names: Anthracohyus choeroides Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 [synonym], Anthracokeryx moriturus Pilgrim 1928 [synonym]
†Anthracotherium cuvieri Gaudry 1873
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Invalid names: Anthracokeryx kwangsiensis Qiu 1977 [synonym]
†Anthracotherium magnum Cuvier 1822
†Anthracotherium pangan Pilgrim and Cotter 1916
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Invalid names: Anthracohyus rubricae Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 [synonym], Anthracothema palustre Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 [synonym]
†Anthracotherium sinense Zdansky 1930
†Anthracotherium verhoeveni Von Koenigswald 1967
Invalid names: Anthracohyus Pilgrim and Cotter 1916 [synonym], Anthracotherium alsaticum Cuvier 1822 [nomen dubium], Anthracotherium pygmaeum Lambe 1908 [nomen vanum], Anthracotherium valdense Kowalevski 1876 [nomen dubium]
G. †Heptacodon Marsh 1894
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†Heptacodon curtus Marsh 1894
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Invalid names: Anthracotherium karense Osborn and Wortman 1894 [synonym], Octacodon valens Marsh 1894 [synonym]
†Heptacodon gibbiceps Marsh 1894
†Heptacodon occidentale Osborn and Wortman 1894
+
Invalid names: Heptacodon quadratus Scott 1940 [synonym]
†Heptacodon occidentalis Osborn and Wortman 1894
†Heptacodon pellionis Storer 1983
†Heptacodon yeguaensis Holroyd 2002
G. †Nabotherium Sileem et al. 2016
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†Nabotherium aegyptiacum Andrews 1906
G. †Paenanthracotherium Scherler et al. 2019
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†Paenanthracotherium bergeri Scherler et al. 2019
†Paenanthracotherium strategus Forster-Cooper 1913
Invalid names: Elliotherium murphyi Pickford 2016 [nomen nudum]
G. †Prominatherium Teller 1884
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†Prominatherium dalmantinum von Meyer 1854
†Prominatherium dalmatinum von Meyer 1854
Invalid names: Anthracotherium bumbachense Stehlin 1910 [nomen dubium], Anthracotherium illyricum Teller 1886 [nomen dubium]
G. †Arretotherium Douglass 1902
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†Arretotherium acridens Douglass 1902
†Arretotherium fricki Macdonald and Schultz 1956
†Arretotherium leptodus Matthew 1909
†Arretotherium meridionale Rincon et al. 2013
G. †Atopotherium Ducrocq et al. 1996
Subfm. †Bothriodontinae Scott 1940
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G. †Bakalovia Nikolov and Hessig 1985
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†Bakalovia palaeopontica Nikolov and Hessig 1985
G. †Bothriodon Aymard 1846
+
†Bothriodon advena Russell 1978
†Bothriodon chowi Xu 1961
†Bothriodon sandaensis Tsubamoto 2007
†Bothriodon velaunus von Meyer 1832
Invalid names: Ancodus Pomel 1848 [synonym], Hyopotamus Leidy 1857 [synonym]
G. †Bothriogenys Schmidt 1913
+
†Bothriogenys andrewsi Schmidt 1913
†Bothriogenys fraasi Schmidt 1913
†Bothriogenys gorringei Andrews and Beadnell 1902
+
Invalid names: Ancodus gorringei Andrews and Beadnell 1902 [replaced]
†Bothriogenys hui Chow 1958
†Bothriogenys langsonensis Ducrocq et al. 2015
†Bothriogenys orientalis Ducrocq 1997
†Bothriogenys rugulosus Schmidt 1913
†Bothriogenys vietnamensis Ducrocq et al. 2015
G. †Brachyodus Depéret 1895
+
†Brachyodus depereti Fourtau 1918
†Brachyodus hui Chow 1958
†Brachyodus manchharensis Prasad 1964
†Brachyodus moneyi Fourtau 1918
†Brachyodus onoideum Gervais 1859
G. †Elomeryx Marsh 1894
+
†Elomeryx armatus Marsh 1894
+
Invalid names: Elomeryx brachystylus Troxell 1921 [synonym], Elomeryx mitis Marsh 1894 [synonym], Hyopotamus brachyrhynchus Osborn and Wortman 1894 [synonym]
†Elomeryx asticus Nikolov 1967
†Elomeryx borbonicus Geais 1934
†Elomeryx cluai Deperet 1906
†Elomeryx crispus Gervais 1849
†Elomeryx garbanii Macdonald 1970
†Elomeryx japonicus Matsumoto 1925
Invalid names: Bakalovia orientalis Böhme et al. 2013 [nomen dubium], Bothriodon chyelingensis Xu 1977 [nomen dubium], Bothriodon tientongensis Xu 1977 [nomen dubium], Brachyodus trofimovi de Bonis et al. 1997 [nomen dubium]
G. †Libycosaurus Bonnarelli 1947
+
†Libycosaurus algeriensis Ducrocq et al. 2001
†Libycosaurus anisae Black 1972
†Libycosaurus bahri Lihoreau et al. 2014
†Libycosaurus petrocchii Bonnarelli 1947
G. †Merycopotamus Falconer and Cautley 1847
+
†Merycopotamus dissimilis Falconer and Cautley 1847
†Merycopotamus medioximus Lihoreau et al. 2004
†Merycopotamus pusillus Lydekker 1885
G. †Octacodon Marsh 1894
G. †Bugtitherium Pilgrim 1908
+
G. †Bunobrachyodus Deperet 1908
G. †Choeromeryx Pomel 1848
+
Invalid names: Chaeromeryx Lydekker 1885 [synonym]
G. †Elliottherium Scherler 2011
G. †Elotherium Pomel 1847
+
†Elotherium leidyanum Marsh in Cope 1868
†Elotherium superbus Leidy 1868
†Elotherium uintense Osborn 1895
G. †Epirigenys Lihoreau et al. 2015
+
†Epirigenys lokonensis Lihoreau et al. 2015
G. †Gonotelma Pilgrim 1908
G. †Hemimeryx Lydekker 1883
+
†Hemimeryx blandfordi Lydekker 1883
Invalid names: Gelasmodon Forster-Cooper 1913 [synonym]
G. †Heothema Tang 1978
G. †Huananothema Tang 1978
+
G. †Kukusepasutanka Macdonald 1956
+
†Kukusepasutanka schultzi Macdonald 1956
G. †Masritherium Fourtau 1918
+
†Masritherium aequatorialis MacInnes 1951
†Masritherium depereti Fourtau 1918
G. †Merycops Pilgrim 1910
Subfm. †Microbunodontinae Lihoreau and Ducrocq 2007
+
G. †Geniokeryx Ducrocq 2020
+
†Geniokeryx nanus Ducrocq et al. 2021
†Geniokeryx thailandicus Ducrocq 1999
G. †Microbunodon Depéret 1908
+
†Microbunodon milaensis Lihoreau et al. 2004
†Microbunodon minimum Lihoreau et al. 2004
†Microbunodon silistrense Pentland 1828
G. †Pachychoerops Kretzoi 1941
+
Invalid names: Isodactylus Dal Piaz 1927 [synonym]
G. †Parabrachyodus Forster-Cooper 1915
G. †Probrachyodus Xu and Chiu 1962
+
†Probrachyodus panchiaoensis Xu and Chiu 1962
G. †Qatraniodon Ducrocq 1997
+
†Qatraniodon parvus Andrews 1906
G. †Sivameryx Lydekker 1883
+
†Sivameryx africanus Andrews 1914
†Sivameryx palaeindicus Lydekker 1883
Invalid names: Hyoboops Trouessart 1905 [synonym]
G. †Telmatodon Pilgrim 1907
G. †Ulausuodon Hu 1963
+
†Ulausuodon parvus Hu 1963
Fm. Hippopotamidae Gray 1821 [hippopotamus]
+
Subfm. Hippopotaminae Gray 1821
+
G. †Archaeopotamus Boisserie 2005
+
†Archaeopotamus harvardi Coryndon 1977
G. Choeropsis Leidy 1853 [pygmy hippo]
+
G. †Chororatherium Boisserie et al. 2003
+
†Chororatherium roobii Boisserie et al. 2003
G. †Hexaprotodon Falconer and Cautley 1836 [pygmy hippo]
+
†Hexaprotodon aethiopicus Coryndon and Coppens 1975
†Hexaprotodon bruneti Boisserie and White 2004
†Hexaprotodon crusafonti Aguire 1963
†Hexaprotodon dissimilis Falconer and Cautley 1836
†Hexaprotodon dulu Boisserie 2004
†Hexaprotodon garyam Boisserie et al. 2005
†Hexaprotodon imaguncula Hopwood 1926
†Hexaprotodon iravticus Falconer and Cautley 1847
†Hexaprotodon mingoz Boisserie et al. 2003
†Hexaprotodon namadicus Falconer and Cautley 1847
†Hexaprotodon palaeindicus Falconer and Cautley 1847
†Hexaprotodon pantanellii Joleaud 1920
†Hexaprotodon primaevus Crusafont et al. 1964
†Hexaprotodon sahabiensis Gaziry 1987
†Hexaprotodon siculus Hooijer 1946
†Hexaprotodon sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1836
G. Hippopotamus Linnaeus 1758 [hippo]
+
Subg. †Hippopotamus (Tetraprotodon) Falconer and Cautley 1836
†Hippopotamus aethiopicus Coryndon and Coppens 1975
Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 [hippo]
+
Invalid names: Hippopotamus incognitus Faure 1984 [synonym]
†Hippopotamus antiquus Desmarest 1822
+
Invalid names: Hippopotamus tiberinus Mazza 1991 [synonym]
†Hippopotamus behemoth Faure 1986
†Hippopotamus creutzburgi Boekschoten and Sondaar 1966
†Hippopotamus gorgops Dietrich 1928
†Hippopotamus kaisensis Hopwood 1926
†Hippopotamus karumensis Coryndon 1977
†Hippopotamus laloumena Faure and Guerin 1990
†Hippopotamus lemerlei Milne Edwards 1868
+
Invalid names: Hippopotamus leptorhynchus Grandidier and Filhol 1894 [synonym]
†Hippopotamus major Cuvier 1824
†Hippopotamus meltensis Major 1902
†Hippopotamus minor Desmarest 1822
†Hippopotamus protamphibius Arambourg 1944
†Hippopotamus sirensis Pomel 1896
Invalid names: Trilobophorus Geze 1985 [synonym]
G. †Phanourios Boekschoten and Sondaar 1972
G. †Saotherium Boisserie 2005
+
†Saotherium mingoz Boisserie 2005
Subfm. †Kenyapotaminae Pickford 1983
+
G. †Kenyapotamus Pickford 1983
+
†Kenyapotamus coryndonae Pickford 1983
†Kenyapotamus ternani Pickford 1983
Invalid names: Palaeopotamus Pickford 2007 [synonym]
G. †Kulutherium Pickford 2007
+
†Kulutherium kenyensis Pickford 2007
G. †Morotochoerus Pickford 1998
+
†Morotochoerus ugandensis Pickford 1998
Invalid names: Hippopotamina Gray 1825 [empty]
G. †Myaingtherium Tsubamoto et al. 2011
+
†Myaingtherium kenyapotamoides Tsubamoto et al. 2011
G. †Siamotherium Suteethorn et al. 1988
+
†Siamotherium krabiense Suteethorn et al. 1988
Invalid names: Hippopotamidamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009 [synonym]
Invalid names: Anthracotheriodea Leidy 1869 [empty], Cetancodonta Arnason et al. 2000 [synonym], Cetancodontamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: amphibiousuc
Diet: herbivoreuc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2011-04-22 22:52:12
Modified: 2011-04-22 07:52:12
Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Spaulding et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Eocene to the top of the Holocene or 55.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 47.8 Ma

Collections (3902 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Paleogene66.0 - 23.03Ukraine (Luhansk) Zeuglodon sp. (224763)
Tertiary66.0 - 2.58Poland Zeuglodon puschii (77355)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8India (Jammu and Kashmir) Ichthyolestes pinfoldi (45588)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8India (Himachal Pradesh) Himalayacetus subathuensis (45584)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3Peru Cetacea indet. (219132)
Ypresian - Bartonian56.0 - 38.0Peru (Amazonas) Basilosauridae indet. (200127)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71China (Henan) Anthracokeryx sinensis (42163 42526) Anthracosenex ambiguus (41120) Anthracothema minima, Anthracokeryx sinensis (42164)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71China (Shanxi) Anthracokeryx dawsoni, Anthracokeryx sinensis, Anthracotherium sinense (41116) Anthracosenex ambiguus (42196 42197)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (North Carolina) Basilosauridae indet. (132701 133023) Cetacea indet. (133022)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Belgium Basilosauridae indet. (226929)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Russian Federation Archaeoceti indet. (114208)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Mississippi) Basilosauridae indet. (131912) Basilosaurus cetoides (131913)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Florida) Basilosauridae indet. (132705)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Ukraine Archaeoceti indet. (132392) Basilosaurus sp. (132383 132385 132389 132391) Halicore maximovitschii (220326) Zeuglodon sp. (132386)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene55.8 - 37.71Pakistan (Kotli District) Archaeoceti indet. (56695 56696 56697)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Georgia) Georgiacetus vogtlensis (4868)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Peru (Ica) Peregocetus pacificus (200440)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (South Carolina) Cetacea indet., Protocetidae indet. (32901)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3India (Kachchh) Andrewsiphius sloani, Kutchicetus minimus (45583)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Pakistan ( Punjab) Attockicetus praecursor (45524)