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Orthonema salteri
Taxonomy
Eunema salteri was named by Meek and Worthen (1860) [Eunema? salteri]. Its type specimen is U. Ill. No. 11031, a shell, and it is not a trace fossil.
It was recombined as Orthonema salteri by Meek and Worthen (1862), Meek and Worthen (1866), Knight (1934), Delpey (1942), Anderson et al. (1985), Batten (1995), Bandel (2002) and Wagner (2023).
It was recombined as Orthonema salteri by Meek and Worthen (1862), Meek and Worthen (1866), Knight (1934), Delpey (1942), Anderson et al. (1985), Batten (1995), Bandel (2002) and Wagner (2023).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1860 | Eunema salteri Meek and Worthen p. 461 |
| 1862 | Orthonema salteri Meek and Worthen p. 146 |
| 1866 | Orthonema salteri Meek and Worthen p. 381 figs. pl. 31 f. 14a-c |
| 1867 | Orthonema conica Meek and Worthen |
| 1873 | Orthonema conica Meek and Worthen p. 590 figs. pl. 2a f. 5 |
| 1912 | Orthonema bilineatum Mark |
| 1934 | Orthonema salteri Knight pp. 438 – 439 figs. pl. 56 f. 1a-c, not d? |
| 1934 | Orthonema bilineatum Knight pp. 440 – 442 figs. pl. 56 f. 2 |
| 1934 | Orthonema schucherti Knight p. 441 figs. pl. 56 f. 6a-b |
| 1934 | Orthonema werneri Knight p. 441–442 figs. pl. 56 f. 7a-c |
| 1934 | Orthonema conicum Knight p. 445 figs. pl. 57 f. 2a-b |
| 1942 | Orthonema salteri Delpey p. 68 fig. 63 |
| 1985 | Orthonema salteri Anderson et al. p. 1012 figs. f. 2.8, 3.1-3.2 |
| 1985 | Orthonema werneri Anderson et al. p. 1013 figs. f. 3.3-3.4 |
| 1985 | Orthonema conicum Anderson et al. p. 1014 figs. f. 2.10, 3.5-3.6 |
| 1995 | Orthonema salteri Batten p. 29 figs. f. 40a-b |
| 2001 | Orthonema conicum Kues and Batten pp. 55 - 56 figs. f. 10.19 |
| 2002 | Orthonema salteri Bandel pp. 92 - 93 figs. f. 1-4 |
| 2023 | Orthonema salteri Wagner p. 5051 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Orthonema salteri Meek and Worthen 1860
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Invalid names: Orthonema bilineatum Mark 1912 [synonym], Orthonema conica Meek and Worthen 1867 [synonym], Orthonema schucherti Knight 1934 [synonym], Orthonema werneri Knight 1934 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| J. B. Knight 1934 | Small, high-spired, turreted gastropods with gently convex sides; whorl profile strongly shouldered a t the two subsutural revolving carinae, flat and vertical on the sides, giving the whorls a drum-like appearance, angulated a t the upper prominent one of the two lower revolving carinae, and gently rounded on the base; sutures shallow; columella very slightly arcuate; columellar lip reflexed; parietal inductura very thin, inconspicuous; outer lip as shown by the growth-lines nearly straight, passing from the upper suture to the upper carinate zone with a very slight but distinctly recognizable obliquity away from the aperture, continuing across the flat face of the whorl, vertically down and across the prominent lower carina, and curving very gently backward on the base to the columella; ornamentation, four moderately strong revolving carinae arranged in upper and lower pairs, the inner member of each pair being the more prominent; the upper most carina a slight distance below the upper suture and separated from the second by a concave band only slightly wider than the band between it and the suture; the third carina, the upper one of the lower pair lying just above the lower suture and equal in development to the lower one of the upper pair; the fourth carina weakly developed, a mere angulation, lying on the base well below the prominent angulation a t the third carina and covered by succeeding whorls, a circumcolumellar raised area within it; color pattern! shown On two chorotypesy a dark revolving band between the two upper carinae and a second one on the base just below the third carina, on one specimen the dark bands showing a wine-red color against a gray background. | |
| J. B. Knight 1934 (Orthonema bilineatum) | Small, high-spired, turreted gastropods, probably with gently convex sides; whorl profile gently convex and only moderately shouldered a t the two subsutural carinae; base and aperture unknown, except as the outer lip is shown by growth-lines on the whorl-face; outer lip with a wide, very shallow sinus, the growth-lines passing downwards and backwards from the upper suture across the two visible revolving carinae, slightly convex toward the aperture and then gradually curving downward, concave forward to aperture, until they have a slight forward component where they disappear beneath the following whorl; growth-lines sharp striae; known revolving ornamentation, two carinae a short distance below the upper suture, the upper, and somewhat stronger one about equidistant from the suture and the second carina; the upper of the (probably) two lower carinae barely visible above the lower suture, the lowest not seen; several very faint revolving threads on the whorl-face; coloration unknown. | |
| J. B. Knight 1934 (Orthonema conicum) | Relatively large (for the genus), highspired, nonturreted gastropods with gently convex sides; whorl profile gently arched, with barely a trace of angulation over the revolving carinae; base flatly rounded; sutures groove-like; columella arcuate; inner lip slightly reflexed; parietal inductura thin, inconspicuous; outer lip with a characteristic, though slight sinuosity, passing obliquely backward from the upper suture, with a slight convexity toward the aperture until it meets the upper of the two revolving carinae, then straightening out and passing nearly, though not quite vertically across the whorl-face and becoming slightly convex toward the aperture on the base; ornamentation, two low obscure revolving carinae, the upper passing around the whorl about one-third the suture-to-suture distance below the upper suture, and the lower about half as far above the lower suture; three or four very low, obscure revolving ridges on the base; growth-lines sharp, but not exaggerated; color pattern unknown. | |
| J. B. Knight 1934 (Orthonema schucherti) | Moderately small, high-spired, turreted gastropods with straight sides; whorl profile moderately shouldered a t the top, closely spaced, subsutural revolving carinae, gently arched on the sides, very slightly angulated a t each of the two lower revolving carinae, the base otherwise being rounded; sutures shallow; columella very slightly arcuate, columellar lip reflexed; parietal inductura thin; outer lip, as shown by rather coarse growth-lines with a broad shallow sinus, the growth-lines being slightly convex toward the aperture above the upper carinae and on the base, concave toward the aperture on the whorl-face; ornamentation, four rather weak, Iow, revolving carinae of which the two uppermost are so close together as to appear to be one except on careful examination, the distance of the uppermost from the upper suture being three or four times that between i t and the second carina; the uppermost of the two lower carinae barely covered by the next succeeding whorl and only to be seen on the base; the lowermost carina on the base well below the line of the suture, and with a circumcolumellar raised area within it; several very faint revolving threads on the whorl-face; color pattern unknown. | |
| J. B. Knight 1934 (Orthonema werneri) | Small, high-spired, turreted, gastropods with straight sides; whorl profile moderately shouldered a t the single subsutural carina, flat to slightly concave on ephebic whorls between the upper carina and the upper one of the lower two carinae, sharply, though shallowly re-entrant just above the lower suture; columellar lip reflexed; parietal inductura thin; outer lip nearly straight; ornamentation on ephebic whorls, three moderately elevated, revolving carinae becoming obsolete a t gerontic states; a single subsutural carina about two-fifths the suture-to-suture distance below the upper suture with a faint suggestion on some specimens of another carina close above it or coalesced with it; another revolving carina distinctly above the lower suture and a third much weaker one on the base below the line of suture; color pattern three dark revolving bands, one above the uppermost carina, another around the intracarinal whorl-face, and a third on the base between the two lower carinae, the slightly raised columellar region below the lowest carina being light-colored. | |
| R. L. Batten 1995 | High-spired, turreted shells with flat to concave outer whorl faces. Early whorls are smooth. Third to fourth whorls have large spiral cord at midwhorl with spiral lira just under it. By fifth to sixth whorls, these spiral elements migrate to base of outer whorl face and an upper subsutural spiral cord appears. By seventh whorl (beginning ofadult phase) upper, subsutural cord becomes dominant spiral element and forms border ofouter whorl face. Sutures sharp and deep. Upper whorl face narrow and concave to flat with one or two spiral lirae on adult whorls. Outer whorl face flat to concave and is unomamented. Whorls embrace just under lower outer whorl face spiral cord, where there may be additional spiral lira. Base flatly rounded and unomamented except by slightly reinforced growth lines. Columellar lip arcuate; siphonal notch atjunction with lower lip. Anomphalus. |