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Haplophrentis

Hyolithida - Hyolithidae

Taxonomy
Haplophrentis was named by Babcock and Robison (1988) [Sepkoski's age data: Cm lMid-u Cm mMid-u]. Its type is Haplophrentis reesei.

It was assigned to Hyolithidae by Babcock and Robison (1988); and to Hyolithida by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1988Haplophrentis Babcock and Robison p. 12
2002Haplophrentis Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
—Lophophorata
phylumHyolitha
orderHyolithidaMathew 1962
familyHyolithidaeNicholson 1889
genusHaplophrentis

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Haplophrentis Babcock and Robison 1988
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†Haplophrentis carinatus Matthew 1899
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Invalid names: Haplophrentis cecrops Walcott 1917 [synonym], Haplophrentis costatus Matthew 1901 [synonym]
†Haplophrentis reesei Babcock and Robison 1988
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
L. R. Babcock and R. A. Robison 1988Hyolithid with weak, longitudinal, dorsornedial septum in conch. Lateral longitudinal sulci singly paired on dorsum and venter.

Conch with single septum along inner dorsomedial surface, formed by thickening where slopes meet. Dorsum subangular, slopes subtly convex. Apical end slightly turned dorsally and laterally, usually to right. Lateral margins angular. Lateral longitudinal sulci singly paired on dorsum and venter, extending along entire length of shell. Venter slightly inflated. Ligula short, narrowly rounded. Apertural rim not flared. Aperture probably orthogonal. Growth lines fine, better developed on venter than dorsum.

Operculum questionably platyclaviculate; outline ovate, broad; apex bluntly pointed. Conical shield large, subtriangular; lateral sides nearly straight; ventral side broadly rounded. Cardinal shield broad, cardinal processes large. Growth lines and rugae present on shields, absent on rooflets.

Helens very thin, arcuate with slight vertical twist, tapering proximally and distally. Length along curve about 0.45 times maximum conch length, width about 0.06 times length. Growth lines fine, equally developed on both sides.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragoniteo
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: facultatively mobileo
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindp
Created: 2004-02-29 10:29:52
Modified: 2007-09-19 11:23:16
Source: o = order, p = phylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Solvan to the top of the Delamaran or 510.20000 to 506.50000 Ma

Collections (36 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Caerfai538.8 - 509.0Canada (Northwest Territories) H. sp. (49080)
Duyunian514.0 - 509.0China (Guizhou) H. carinatus (88777 88781)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5USA (Idaho) H. reesei (200479) Hyolithes cecrops (76096)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5Canada (British Columbia) H. carinatus (84412 84413 84415 84416 84417 84418 84420 84421 84422 84423 84424 84425 84426 84427 84428 84429 84430 84431 84432 84433 84434 84435 84437)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5USA (Utah) Hyolithes idahoensis, H. reesei (77218)
Solvan510.2 - 504.5Canada (British Columbia) H. carinatus (228554 228555)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0Canada (British Columbia) H. sp. (171308)
Middle Cambrian509.0 - 497.0USA (Idaho) Hyolithes idahoensis (127485)
St Davids509.0 - 497.0Canada (British Columbia) H. carinatus (122094) H. sp. (122017 122072)